Choice of a way of receiving professional education. Lesson development: "Ways to get professional education"

Right choice professions are a necessary but not sufficient condition for a successful professional career. The next condition is the choice of the path of obtaining a profession. This choice primarily depends on the nature of the profession itself. The preparation of some specialists will take only a few months of training in courses - for example, a layout designer or a web designer. Most salespeople nowadays learn this profession right on the job. There are professions that require several years of training - a doctor, a teacher, an engineer. Oddly enough, there are still young people who are convinced that the profession of an economist, psychologist, or doctor does not require higher education. Perhaps the promises of many educational institutions play a role, which in a ridiculously short time promise to equip you with a diploma from a university or academy, and even an international one. How many of you want to get under the knife of a surgeon who studied by correspondence, according to an accelerated program, and even passed exams for money? What about living in a house designed by a half-educated architect?

Market educational services offers so many high-profile educational institutions that the graduate feels like a shopper surrounded by intrusive salesmen. How to choose the right "product"?

• first decide if it is needed at all. Today, the value of most diplomas in the eyes of employers is low. For them, your skills and abilities are more important. According to the Ministry of Labor, more than half of university graduates cannot find a job in their specialty. These are lost years and money thrown to the wind if the training was paid.
• inquire about a license to study in the specialty you are interested in. Even branches of large public universities must be licensed. If this university is a branch or branch, then it must be mentioned in the license and the Registration Certificate of the head university with the obligatory indication of the place of activity of the branch or branch.
• Having familiarized yourself with the license, ask for a certificate of accreditation. If the university cannot present such a certificate, politely say goodbye to those who have achieved a license, but could not confirm it. If you risk contacting an unaccredited university, be prepared to receive a certificate (certificate, diploma of some public organization) at the end of the study period, and not a state diploma recognized in the country.
• after making sure that there is a certificate in the desired direction (specialty), take an interest in the results of the employment of its graduates.

There is such a thing - "horizontal career". This does not mean career advancement (official growth), but professional (professional growth). You can imagine this in the form of steps: the higher the step, the higher the professional level. All over the world, specialists who have gone through the entire "ladder of excellence" - from the bottom to the top, are most valued. For example, medicine. Which specialist will be valued higher - who entered the institute after school or the one who studied at the medical school before the institute? Of course, the second one. First, he is an expert general profile He can do things that the average doctor can't. Secondly, his desire to become a doctor is more conscious and mature. It is no secret that more than half of graduates of higher educational institutions work outside their specialty. Often only because the chosen profession actually looks completely different than it seemed from a distance. Therefore, before you storm higher educational institutions, think about other forms of education - primary or secondary vocational education.

Average special education can be obtained not only in schools and technical schools, but also in courses, additional education, where they teach "mass professions" - an accountant, a driver, a seamstress, a waiter, a computer user, etc. On-the-job training can also well provide a profession and employment. The method of preparation differs little from additional education - demonstration, training, reproduction, but the requirements are stricter, the duration and intensity of training are higher.

Specialists of working professions are trained in schools. However, in order to acquire qualifications, in-depth general and special knowledge, a different level of professional thinking are already needed here. In the curriculum of such educational institutions, there are dozens of two subjects, term papers, tests and exams. The level of their training allows them to master new types of work, grow professionally, follow new technologies. Specialists to perform more hard work, including for the management of work teams, prepare technical schools, where the level of training, the volume and intensity of independent work is higher. In this case, the terms of study increase, and admission is carried out according to the results of entrance examinations. In addition to the classroom teaching system, there may be lectures, seminars, laboratory works. At work, graduates of technical schools are expected to be independent in decision-making, the ability to lead a work team.

Currently, printing, consumer services, construction, production of goods and food products, and instrument making are developing dynamically. Machine operators, millers, and high-level turners are in demand on the labor market.

In addition to traditional full-time and part-time forms of education, there are distance learning and external studies. Distance education has become possible thanks to the use of Internet technologies. This is a whole complex of program and pedagogical components designed to transfer knowledge at a distance. Learning can be asynchronous or synchronous. With the asynchronous method, the student himself determines the pace of the information received. Synchronous learning involves learning in real time. It includes:

1. work with databases or educational CDs in computer classes of institutes or at home,
2. communication with the teacher through electronic means communications,
3. real-time tracking of the correctness of the execution of tasks.

Distance learning is effective in the areas of human activity related to the development and use of software and hardware for natural sciences.

To implement programs of secondary and higher professional education using distance learning technology, it is necessary that the student be enrolled in one of the forms of education provided for by law: full-time, evening, correspondence or external study.

External study is a state certification of persons who independently study disciplines in accordance with the program. An extern who has successfully passed the current and final state certification receives a diploma state standard on graduation from the relevant educational institution with the assignment of the appropriate qualification and indication of the specialty.

Academy of Labor and social relations

Correspondence faculty

Department of socio-cultural service and tourism

"Professional Education, Its Levels"

Performed

student of the TS group - 15, 1st year, correspondence course

Firsanova D.A.

Supervisor Sanatulov

Shamil Zeynalovich 1

Moscow - 2009

Professional education(Also vocational education) - a system for training qualified workers in vocational schools, as well as through on-the-job training.

Primary and secondary professional education is one of the key vectors for the modernization of the entire educational system V modern Russia.

Levels of professional education.

A profession is not only an opportunity for employment, material support, but also a creative realization of the individual. A person who has correctly chosen a profession in accordance with his inclinations and capabilities, who loves it, is able to make a great creative contribution to the development of society.

Initial vocational education

educational institutions of primary vocational education graduate skilled workers and employees.
Admission to state and municipal institutions of primary vocational education is carried out on applications from applicants on a competitive basis in the manner prescribed by the founder and the Charter of the educational institution.
The duration of study at this level depends on the level of education of the accepted student. Students entering after the 9th grade of school undergo two or three years of training. Students entering after grade 11 receive one or two years of training. However, in some primary vocational institutions there is a shift towards the profile of technical schools. This is manifested in the extension of the terms of study to 3 or 4 years, depending on the level of education of the student.

Forms of education - day and evening.

The traditional types of educational institutions at this level of education are vocational schools (vocational schools (vocational schools)). In recent years, a network of educational institutions of primary vocational education of a new type has been formed - professional lyceums that train highly qualified workers.

The activities of these institutions are regulated by the Model Regulations on the establishment of primary vocational education, adopted on 06/05/1994.

In the last years of the existence of the USSR, the list of professions for which vocational schools were trained reached 1,400 items. At the beginning of 1999, in accordance with the adopted federal standards, this list was sharply reduced.

Despite the fact that over the past 10 years there has been a clear downward trend total strength students who are still in elementary professional institutions remain an important link in the education system, which involves obtaining a profession before graduating from high school. As a rule, such education is in demand by young people from incomplete or dysfunctional families, when required additional source income. For children of this social stratum, when the prospect of obtaining a certificate of secondary education is closed, there is a chance to continue their studies.

In a short period of time, the system of primary vocational education has experienced significant changes in specialization. In accordance with the needs of the labor market, a new, integrated list of professions has been introduced (at the moment, training is being carried out in more than 280 integrated professions). The professions of the service sector, transport, food and trade came to the fore. Completely new professions demanded by society have appeared social workers, organizers of small businesses, ecologists, designers who have increased the competitiveness of graduates of these educational institutions in the labor market. At the same time, the share of professions in industry and construction has decreased.

State educational standards for primary vocational education have been developed, basic educational plans. The succession of educational programs of this level with programs of secondary vocational education has significantly increased.

Secondary vocational education

Secondary vocational education is a qualitatively defined level of the vocational education system, which occupies a significant place in meeting the educational needs of the individual and society. Currently, 22% of the population of Russia have this education. About 20 million specialists with secondary vocational education are employed in the economy and social sphere, which is 33% of the total number of employed or 62% of the number of employed specialists.

In accordance with the UNESCO International Standard Classification of Education, secondary vocational education is equated to practice-oriented higher education or pre-university higher education.

Secondary vocational education in Russia is implemented according to two main educational programs - the basic level and the advanced level. After mastering the basic level program, the graduate is awarded the qualification of "technician". An increased level of secondary vocational education provides a deepening or expansion of training compared to the basic level (at the same time, the training period is increased by 1 year). A graduate with in-depth training is awarded the qualification "senior technician", with the expansion of training - "technician with additional training in the field of ..." (indicating a specific area - management, economics, computer science, etc.).

Students in a secondary specialized educational institution are students (cadets), listeners and other categories of students.

The content of educational programs of secondary vocational education is regulated by the State Educational Standard of Secondary Vocational Education (SES SVE), which consists of 2 parts: a federal component that defines national requirements for a minimum content and level of training of graduates, and a national-regional component. In connection with the expiration of its validity in 2001, a new State Educational Standard of Secondary Vocational Education was developed - the Classification of Specialties of Secondary Vocational Education.

Secondary vocational education is implemented in various forms: full-time, part-time (evening), part-time, external study on the basis of the main general education(9 grades of a general education school) or secondary (complete) general education (11 grades of a general education school). Admission to institutions of secondary vocational education is carried out on a competitive basis based on the results of entrance examinations. Every year, about 11% of graduates of the main general education schools and about 23% of graduates of secondary (complete) schools.

The term of study under the program of secondary vocational education of the basic level full-time on the basis of secondary (complete) general education is 2–3 years, depending on the profile of training.

The term of study in part-time and part-time forms is increased by 1 year compared to the period of study in full-time form. When implementing secondary vocational education on the basis of basic general education, the period of study is increased by 1 year compared to the period of study based on secondary (complete) general education.

There are two main types of secondary specialized educational institutions: a technical school (school) and a college.

The technical school (school) implements the main professional educational programs of secondary vocational education at the basic level; college - the main professional educational programs of secondary vocational education of basic and advanced levels. The implementation of educational programs of secondary vocational education can also be carried out in higher educational institutions.

The activities of educational institutions of this level are regulated by the Model Regulation on an educational institution of secondary vocational education (secondary specialized educational institution), adopted on March 3, 2001.

Secondary vocational education is provided in more than 300 specialties. During the 1990s, several dozen new specialties were introduced, mainly in the areas of the social sphere, service, new information technologies.

Persons with secondary vocational education of the relevant profile may receive higher vocational education under reduced accelerated programs. At the same time, the reduction in the term of study at a university is, as a rule, 1 year in the presence of a basic secondary vocational education, 1–2 years in the presence of an advanced secondary vocational education.

The system of secondary vocational education includes 2.6 thousand state and municipal secondary specialized educational institutions and departments of universities that implement educational programs of secondary vocational education.

Currently in Russian Federation there are more than 2,650 state and municipal secondary specialized educational institutions and departments of universities that implement educational programs of secondary vocational education. The number of students is 2.1 million people, the educational process is provided by 123 thousand full-time teachers.

The non-state sector of secondary vocational education is actively developing, including more than 130 secondary specialized educational institutions, in which more than 20 thousand students study.

In 2005, primary and secondary vocational education institutions were transferred from the federal to the regional level. This made it possible to start creating integrated educational institutions that implement programs different levels. In accordance with the Program for the reorganization of vocational education, developed by the Department of Education of the Moscow Government, the integration of all three levels of qualifications within the framework of a single educational process is envisaged. In accordance with the City Program, the division of educational institutions of a vocational profile into 4 main types is provided. Polytechnic College, Civil Engineering College, College for the Training of Trade, Services and Consumer Services, and a College that will train workers and mid-level professionals for small and medium-sized enterprises.

Thus, in Moscow there was a consolidation of educational institutions.

This will make it possible to develop a system of multi-level continuous vocational education, in which the level of training of skilled workers will increase significantly, the prestige of new type vocational schools will increase, and vocational schools will turn into colleges that meet European standards for vocational education. Now institutions of pre-university professional education are represented by one type of educational institutions.

Colleges are state educational institutions of secondary vocational education that implement successive and integrated educational programs of basic general, secondary (complete) general, primary vocational (basic and advanced levels) and secondary vocational (basic and advanced levels) education, providing students with the opportunity to consistently improve their general educational and professional levels and increase the competitiveness of graduates in the labor market. Colleges are organized according to the program-industry principle, which provides for the organization of training in professions and specialties that meet the needs of one branch of production or the city economy as a whole in the city; and according to the territorial-sectoral principle, which provides for the organization of training in professions and specialties that meet the needs of the urban economy in a particular territory

Higher professional education.

In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on education and depending on the number of areas of study for students, the types of universities are established as follows: universities, academies and institutes.

A higher education institution of any kind and its branches can implement educational programs of primary general, basic general, secondary (complete) general, primary and secondary vocational education, as well as additional vocational education if they have the appropriate license.

All 3 types of higher educational institutions, in addition to the above educational programs, as a rule, also implement educational programs of postgraduate professional education and carry out training, retraining and (or) advanced training of highly qualified workers, scientific and scientific and pedagogical workers, conduct fundamental and (or) applied scientific research.

Training is carried out on a full-time, part-time (evening), correspondence form, in the form of an external student.

For all forms, including in the case of their combination within a specific educational program, there is a single state educational standard.

University graduates can have qualifications: bachelor, graduate, master in the relevant areas of training (specialties), and the relevant educational programs can be implemented both continuously and in stages.

A graduate who has passed the final state certification for an accredited educational program the university issues a state document (diploma) on the level of education and (or) its qualifications.

The general management of the university is carried out by an elected representative body - the Academic Council. The term of office of the Academic Council is 5 years.
The academic council consists of the rector (chairman), vice-rectors, and, by decision of the academic council of the university, the deans of the faculties. Other members of the Academic Council are elected general meeting(conference) of the university. The Rector directly manages the activities of the university. His position is elective, the term of office is 5 years.

The volume and structure of student admission for the first year state university is dictated by admission targets, which are set annually by the relevant federal executive body in charge of the university. In addition to the assignments for the admission of students, the university has the right to train specialists under the relevant contracts with payment of the cost of education by individuals and (or) legal entities.

The activity of a higher educational institution is regulated by the Law of the Russian Federation "On Higher and Postgraduate Professional Education" dated 22.08.96 and the Model Regulations on an educational institution of higher vocational education (higher educational institution) of the Russian Federation, adopted on 05.04.2001.

Changed public consciousness youth. Now the majority of applicants understand that their career and, in general, their whole life depend on the choice of a university. Competition in the labor market has increased dramatically. Senior students prefer to start labor activity even before graduation, in order to be provided with jobs upon graduation. The employer takes into account not only the specialty according to the diploma, but also the grades in the main disciplines.

Qualitative changes also include the emergence of diplomas for various qualifications, the emergence of new specialties and new forms of education. For example, the number of new academic disciplines(missing in the state list) exceeded 200 - from computer technology to taxation, clinical psychology and international corporate finance.

However, in the future, the number of those wishing to receive higher education will begin to decline. This will be caused not by the outflow of applicants to other levels of education, but by the demographic situation in the country. The peak of the birth rate ended in 1986-1987. Therefore, by 2010, according to the fund " Public opinion» Applicants will be a maximum of 759 thousand against the current 1.3 million people. This may mean that the number of higher education institutions will also decline.

Additional professional education

Additional professional and pedagogical education is an independent direction in pedagogical science and practice. It is a system object, which includes the following interrelated structural elements: educational institutions for advanced training of specialists, educational and methodological centers and offices, educational institutions of vocational education, advanced training courses, scientific institutions, social, cultural and information institutions, vocational education management bodies, public organizations.

The advanced training system performs narrower functions than the system discussed above, namely, increasing the professional competence and general culture of the employee. She happens to be integral part the system of additional vocational education is relatively independent and has elements of any pedagogical system (purpose, content and teaching methods, teachers, students, teaching aids, etc.).

The professional development of engineering and teaching staff goes both in the process of training and methodological activity in various parts of the system of advanced training, and through self-education. Both of these processes are interdependent and complement each other, although the role of each of them in the process of professional growth is not the same. Coursework serves as an incentive for self-education, orienting it in the right direction. In turn, self-education significantly complements the knowledge that teachers have acquired in the courses.
At present, self-education occupies the main place in advanced training, and it is necessary to make this process continuous, systematic, and manageable. The latter becomes one of the main goals of the advanced training system: using all possible forms of training - full-time (usually short-term and episodic), part-time, part-time, to familiarize the engineering and pedagogical worker with the methods and techniques of self-education, to indicate to him Right way self-improvement, equip it with appropriate guidelines And teaching aids.

The considered allows us to formulate the requirements that the system of additional vocational education of engineering and pedagogical workers should satisfy.

The system of supplementary vocational education should predict and track the changes taking place in a professional school, adequately respond to these changes when determining the goals, content and methods of teaching.

The purpose of training in the system of additional professional education is to acquire knowledge, skills and abilities, to solve practical problems at a high professional level. In the name of this, the teacher must master new principles and methods of managing the process of teaching and educating young people.

In the context of changing the status and role of the teacher in the new conditions, expanding and complicating his functions, the system of additional vocational education should be mobile and sufficiently take into account the individual characteristics of each individual.

The use of the principle of multifunctionality and multilevelness implies a serious restructuring of the educational process, its content, forms and methods of teaching. Of particular note are two important moments V new system additional vocational education: structural and meaningful. The core of the content side of the multifunctional multi-level system of education is new pedagogical technologies.

In the system of additional vocational education, the main thing is a thoughtful setting of a sequence of tasks, the solution of which should lead to a deeper study professional sphere activities of a teacher. The solution of the problem, which used to be a means of testing knowledge, the degree of their assimilation, is now becoming the goal of learning, and the assimilation of knowledge is a means of achieving it. The motivation for the assimilation of knowledge is the very need for this knowledge and the result of its application. This is possible only if the need for knowledge is directly linked to the results of its application. In this way, the alienation of a specialist who improves qualifications from the educational process is overcome: the task that was previously solved using external means of motivation is now solved with the help of internal motivation for learning.
When studying at traditional system education, the amount of knowledge of the teacher was set a priori, in addition to his experience, as something to be learned, in addition to his experience, as something to be learned, due to the fact that he chose this profession, then when studying in the new pedagogical system - in the system of continuous professional development the amount of knowledge is set on the basis of the expanding experience of the specialist - as what he needs in solving emerging problems.

An analysis of the real educational system in Russia confirms that it is a fusion of elements of traditional and emerging lifelong education. There is a process of gradual withering away of elements of traditional education and an ever wider introduction of ideas and methods of problem-based learning. Lifelong education is becoming a priority and central direction in the strategy of educational policy. Education is given a new quality, the core idea is the development of the personality of a schoolchild, student, specialist in any field of professional and labor activity.

Lifelong education is not a level, stage, form or type of education, it is a system with a specific structure and organization, a new content based on own ideas and principles, which approved new functions and, in general, solves many old problems in a new way.

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Tasks: to collect and analyze information on possible ways of obtaining a profession and on the conditions for admission; get to know schools.

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Stages: 1. Find out the ways of getting a profession. 2. Collect information about educational institutions. 3. Identify the conditions for admission.

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Primary vocational education - specialists of working professions are trained in vocational schools and vocational lyceums.

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Secondary vocational education - specialists are trained to perform more complex work, they are trained in technical schools, colleges

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Higher professional education - specialists with higher education are trained in universities - institutes, universities, academies, conservatories

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Admission conditions Primary vocational education Secondary vocational education Higher vocational education On the basis of grades 9-11 On a free basis Based on the results of interviews Competition of certificates On the basis of grades 9-11 In budgetary groups, on a commercial basis, on a targeted admission Based on the results of exams On the basis of 11 classes, vocational schools, lyceums On a budgetary basis on a commercial basis, on a targeted admission Based on the results of exams

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Tips for future applicants Choose a few schools with a profession that interests you. If possible, visit these institutions (it is better to do this in advance, for example, at “Open Days” that educational institutions hold in the spring). Ask all your questions to the members of the admissions committee. Specify how admission is carried out, whether education is free, find out about competitions and passing scores of previous years, find out how realistic it is to find a job after studying. Talk to your friends who may be studying in these educational institutions. Assess your chances of admission and consider a fallback: it could be another specialty of this institution or a similar specialty in another university, technical school or college, etc.

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how many years they exist; - whether the wishes of the students regarding the time of classes are taken into account; - whether intermediate control of knowledge is carried out; - how many people are in the group; - are there any free teaching aids and materials;

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Information about vocational education institutions located on the territory of the city of Surgut

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-State educational institution higher professional education "Surgut State University Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Ugra. Surgut, st. Lenina, 1 tel.: 76-29-00, fax: 76-29-29 [email protected] Rector Kosenok Sergey Mikhailovich - State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra "Surgut State Pedagogical University", Surgut, st. 50 years of VLKSM, 10/2 tel.: 31-94-34, fax: 31-94-38 [email protected] Rector Konoplina Nadezhda Vasilievna - Non-state educational institution of higher professional education Surgut Institute of World Economy and Business "Planet" Surgut, st. Mira, 34/3 tel.: 32-60-28, fax: 32-67-99 [email protected] Rector Meister Viktor Arkadyevich - Surgut Institute of Oil and Gas (branch) of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Tyumen State Oil and Gas University" Surgut, st. Entuziastov, 38 tel./fax: 35-25-88 [email protected] Director Bakharev Mikhail Samoylovich

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- Branch of the state educational institution of higher professional education "Russian State Social University" in Surgut, Surgut, st. 30 years of Victory, 19 tel.: 23-92-93 [email protected] Director Zhukova Valentina Fedorovna - Branch of the state educational institution of higher professional education "Tyumen State University" in Surgut Surgut, st. Working, 43/1 tel.: 24-95-28, fax: 50-19-14 [email protected] Head Patrakova Galina Vasilievna - Surgut branch of the Omsk State Technical University Surgut, st. Energetikov, 18 tel.: 50-35-10, fax: 50-35-11 [email protected] Director Merkushev Evgeny Nikolaevich - Surgut branch of the state educational institution of higher professional education "Siberian State Automobile and Road Academy (SibADI)", Surgut, Liberty Boulevard, 4/1 tel./fax: 51-62-44, [email protected] Director Kolomeytseva Lyudmila Ivanovna

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- Branch of Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics in Surgut Surgut, st. Chekhov, 10/2 tel.: 52-57-80, [email protected] Director Shelupanov Alexander Alexandrovich Surgut branch of the non-state educational institution of higher professional education MOSCOW ACADEMY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP under the Government of Moscow Surgut, st. 50 years of the Komsomol, 1, tel.: 37-51-96, [email protected] Director Kleimenova Natalya Anatolyevna Branch of the non-state educational institution of higher professional education "Capital Academy of Finance and Humanities" in Surgut 30 years of Victory, 21/1, 2nd floor, tel./fax: 50-31-14, sf [email protected]. Director Parfenova Svetlana Alekseevna -

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-Autonomous institution secondary vocational education of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra "Surgut vocational college» Surgut, st. Mayakovsky, 41 tel./fax: 31-90-30, [email protected] Director Shutov Vadim Nikolaevich - Surgut Oil College - branch of the state educational institution of higher professional education "Ugra State University" Surgut, st. Kukuevitzkogo, 3 tel.: 45-75-91, fax: 45-76-11 [email protected] Director Dzhabrailov Lechi Mahmudovich - State-financed organization secondary vocational education "Surgut Medical School", Surgut, tel./fax: 26-72-28, [email protected] Director Prokhorova Tatyana Pavlovna - Budgetary institution of secondary vocational education of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra "Surgut Art and Industrial College" Surgut, st. Engels, 7 tel.: 28-76-65, fax: 28-78-11 [email protected] Director Chagalidze Nodari Akhmedovich

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- Budgetary institution of secondary vocational education of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra "Surgut Art and Industry College" Surgut, st. Engels, 7 tel.: 28-76-65, fax: 28-78-11 [email protected] Director Chagalidze Nodari Akhmedovich - Budgetary institution of secondary vocational education of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra "College of Russian Culture. A.S. Znamensky, Surgut, st. Energetikov, 49/1 tel./fax: 24-89-99, [email protected] Director Lonshakova Ekaterina Vladimirovna - Budgetary institution of secondary vocational education of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra "Surgut College of Music", Surgut, st. Enthusiastov, 28, tel./fax: 45-74-97, tel.: 35-22-48 [email protected], Director Andrey Vilyavin - Autonomous educational institution of secondary vocational education "Tyumen Trade and Economic College" Surgut branch Surgut, st. Bahilova, 2a, tel./fax: 32-29-55, Head Dzhuzhuev Fuad Raufovich

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- Branch of the state educational institution of secondary vocational education "St. Petersburg Industrial and Economic College" in Surgut, Surgut, st. 30 years of Victory, 39/1, tel./fax: 22-02-73, [email protected], Director Nemytchenko Alevtina Pavlovna - Surgut branch of the Federal State Educational Institution of Secondary Vocational Education "Zlatoust Trade and Economic College", Surgut, st. Chekhov 10/2, tel./fax: 34-42-43 [email protected], Director Sterlyadova Nina Pavlovna - Branch of the Federal State Educational Institution of Secondary Vocational Education "Samara Energy College" in Surgut, Surgut, Kedrovy settlement, tel./fax: 76-40-94 [email protected], Head Petrov Valery Nikolaevich - Surgut branch of the state educational institution of secondary vocational education "Ivanovo Energy College" Surgut, Kedrovy settlement, tel.: 76-40-94, fax: 76-92-58, Head Salnikova Irina Vasilievna

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http://www.proforientator.ru/ On the site you can see tips for beginners on choosing a profession, what affects the choice of a profession, what mistakes are made when choosing a profession. In addition, there is a dictionary and descriptions of professions, ratings of professions: popular specialties, the most profitable professions, the best universities in Moscow and Russia. In addition to information for students, there are interesting articles for their parents. http://profguide.ru/ Professions guide. The site has career guidance tests, psychologist's consultations, recommended literature for children and their parents, information about the Unified State Exam. http://www.mmpi.ru/proftest/proforientacia_test.htm This is a site of various testing methods for vocational guidance: the Szondi test, the M. Luscher test, the Yovaishi method, etc. The site only describes the methods, test kits can be ordered here. http://psimaster.ru/prof Your personal psychologist on the Internet. The site contains a collection of videos. Strategy for choosing a profession - videos are devoted to the career guidance of schoolchildren, the meaningfulness of their choice future profession, the guidelines on which this choice is made. Career guidance video discussion - How to choose a profession? What should you pay attention to first of all? How do you start enjoying what you do? In the program "Delu Vremya" a view of socionics on vocational guidance is presented. http://www.edu.ru/abitur/act.15/index.php The site provides information about what career guidance is, popular Internet resources on career guidance, a lot of information for applicants: educational institutions, admission conditions, etc. http://www.anombt.ru/proforientaciya/ The right choice is career guidance consultations. steps of self-determination. Recommendations for teenagers choosing a profession. Start your professional career today!

Municipal budgetary educational institution

« Musical and Aesthetic Lyceum. A.G. Schnittke »

Subject:

Methodical development

open lesson technology in 8th grade

(45 min.)

Kulikova Antonina Viktorovna

technology teacher

first qualification category

G. Engels

Lesson number 22 Section: " Modern production and vocational education

("Technology. Service labor" edited by Simonenko V.D. 2010)

Subject: Ways to get professional education

Goals:

Educational:

To acquaint students with the role of professions in human life, professional qualities personality; - to teach to search for information about obtaining a profession and education, about offers in the regional labor market;

Developing:

- to teach to develop the ability to interact in microgroups in the process of performing search tasks; - to develop speech, memory, cognitive interest of students to implement the search for a way to get a profession and education; - develop communication skills (ability to work in groups / pairs), skills public speaking;

Educational:

- With contribute during the lesson to the formation of interest in research work on the required topic; - bring up positive attitude to life.

Type and type of lesson: educational and cognitive - a lesson in the development of new knowledge.

Methods: explanatory and illustrative, problematic.

Forms of organization: individual-frontal, steam room, group.

Didactic material and equipment: computer, projector, presentation on the topic of the lesson, tests for work in groups and in pairs.

Routing lesson

Kulikova Antonina Viktorovna – technology teacher

MBOU "Musical and Aesthetic Lyceum named after. A.G. Schnittke"

8th grade

p/p

Lesson stages

Partial task of the stage

Planned results

Means, methods of training and education, forms of organization learning activities, methods and forms of organization of control, methods of evaluation

Teacher activity

Student activities

subject

UUD

Organizational stage

Organize self-determination of children for activities in the lesson.

Identification of the direction of activity

Organization of your workplace in accordance with the requirements of the task of the lesson

Personal: self-regulation

Regulatory: the ability to regulate one's actions, predict activities in the lesson.

Method: verbal-illustrative

ICT tools

The teacher greets the students appearance, organization of the workplace, the availability of educational and working supplies, didactic and auxiliary aids. The log checks the attendance of students for class.

Introduction by the teacher. Definition of the topic and purpose of the lesson.

Perceive by ear, visually control their readiness for the lesson

Students use the video to determine the topic of the lesson.

Actualization of previous knowledge

Formation of understanding among students of the connection between doing homework and the upcoming work.

Students' assessment of the importance of knowledge of the role of the profession in the life of a person and society.

Personal: self-regulation Regulatory: control the correctness of students' answers

Method: conversation, survey.

Method of control, mutual control.

Form: individual.

Facilities: computer presentation

It begins with a generalizing conversation between the teacher and the students. The class is asked questions: 1. What role does the choice of profession play in a person's life?

2. Who and what can influence the choice of profession?

The teacher listens and conducts a conversation to clarify and concretize actions

Students answer questionsteacher wasps, formulate conclusions of observations, voice concepts, express their proposals.

Learning new material

Familiarize with typical mistakes when choosing a profession, medical contraindications.

Formation of knowledge about education, proposals in the regional labor market - when choosing a profession and education.

Conscious perception of new material.

Personal: self-regulationRegulatory master the knowledge that is necessary when choosing a profession.

Method: verbal (illustrative)

Means: computer presentation.

Basic concepts studied in the classroom.

The teacher explains the main concepts studied in the lesson using the presentation “Types of professions”.

are watchingask questions and answer the teacher's questions, formulate conclusions of observations, voice concepts, express their suggestions, compare.

Fixing new material

Consolidation of the acquired knowledge and skills in the search for information and its application in practice when protecting presentations.

Analysis of information and its implementation in practice,

Personal: the ability to work on a presentation, the development of diligence and responsibility for one's own and collective activities

Regulatory: the ability to draw up a plan, the sequence of actions in drawing up a presentation

Cognitive:ability to distinguish necessary information;

Method: conversation, survey.

control method, problematic issues, mutual control.

Form: group.

Means: computer presentation of students.

Educational Internet resources. Wikipedia

Invites students to talk about their future professions.

questions, advises, supervises and corrects students

Students in groups talk about professions and ways of getting an education using their presentations (preparation of presentations about professions was homework)

Control

Summarizing, evaluation of results,

homework

The ability of the student to apply the acquired knowledge in life

Personal: awareness of one's capabilities Regulatory: the ability to regulate one's actions, interaction in groups Cognitive: the ability to analyze and isolate, formulate one's task, adequately relates to the assessment of the teacher, classmates

Method: verbal, survey.

Control method - testing,

Shape: front.

Follows

the level of presentation formation and ICT proficiency;

students' competence.

Understanding and applying the acquired knowledge in practice. Test execution.

Reflection

Evaluation of results

students

Possession of forms of activity corresponding to the culture of work

Personal: the ability to conduct self-assessment and organize mutual assessment

Regulatory:

building a logical chain of reasoning and evidence.

Cognitive: the ability to identify mistakes made and justify ways to correct them

Testing Express - diagnostics "Temperamental structure of personality"

Focuses attention on end results learning activities of students in the classroom

Name the main aspects of the new material

Homework

Organize independent activity to the next lesson.

Conscious perception of the material.

Emphasizes the search for new information.

Name the main aspects of the new task.

Knowledge control table

For modern man getting an education is one of the most important stages in life. smart person life is easier, both literally and figuratively. But, in order to get a diploma, it is important to know what forms of education currently exist, and to understand which of them is most appropriate for the current situation.

Stages of learning

There are two main stages of human learning, which are subdivided into several more stages. Each stage plays a very important role in the formation and formation of personality. Task educational process is to develop the mental and physical abilities of a person, to instill good habits, to discover the hidden potential for a particular occupation, to help him develop his skills.

General education

There are the following stages of the educational process:

• Preschool education. It is very important for a little man, because it is in childhood that the foundation of a future personality is laid, skills develop best, interest in various types activities, as well as hidden talents are discovered.
• Primary school education (grades 1-4). This stage reinforces the skills acquired in kindergarten, and also develops new ones. It is no less important for a growing person than preschool education. Moreover, it is in primary school the child is socialized (if he did not go to kindergarten) and the rules of life in the team are instilled.
• Secondary general education (grades 5-9). At this time, there is a systematization and consolidation of all the knowledge gained in kindergarten and elementary school, as well as the assimilation of new ones. There is a gradual preparation for adulthood, children are becoming more independent and no longer need parents the way they used to.
• Secondary complete education (grades 5-11). In grades 10 and 11, there is a repetition of the material learned in high school preparing for university studies. The character of a person is already almost formed, and before graduating from school, one can observe a full-fledged personality with its own unique habits and beliefs.

Professional education

We already know the forms of obtaining general education, now it is the turn of a professional one. His young people receive after graduation from school. Such education is available to receive throughout a person's life. Its purpose is to give a person a profession, to instill in him necessary qualities, skills and abilities for work, as well as additional knowledge. Therefore, the forms of obtaining vocational education are numerous and varied. This is necessary so that the student is guaranteed to be able to acquire the appropriate skills.

The learning process includes the following steps:

• Secondary vocational education. It can be obtained in specialized schools, colleges and technical schools.
• Higher professional education. It provides much more opportunities than the average, in addition, a person with a university degree can do science and get degree. People with a higher education are more likely to be hired than those with a specialized secondary education, plus, during their studies at a university, such character traits as responsibility, discipline and punctuality develop in a person.
• Refresher courses. This type of training takes less time than all its counterparts. It is already received by real specialists to deepen their skills and knowledge in order to become a true professional in their field.

Now you need to find out what forms of education and forms of education exist in the Russian Federation.

Consider what the school offers in this regard?

How the child will receive a certificate is determined by the parents or legal representatives. If a citizen is an adult, then he has the right to choose the type of education himself. It could be:

• Full-time;
• self-education (self-study at home);
• external student

Full-time

Education according to it is standard, this is how most schoolchildren in Russia study. The full-time form of education involves attending school according to the schedule established by the administration of the institution, listening to lessons, completing assignments and communicating with classmates. This type is the most favorable for the student, as it develops the child's communication skills, teaches him to live in a team and communicate with a variety of people.

But full-time education has its drawbacks, which include a difficult mode for the baby. Not every child is able to force himself to go to bed at 9 o'clock in the evening in order to get up at 6 o'clock in the morning for school. Most often, the regime is controlled by the mother. Also, keeping a schedule is hard for teenagers. In addition, the disadvantages of full-time form include relationships with peers in the team. After all, they do not always turn out the way the child or his parents would like. For a student, a change of scenery is also a great stress, and it is this factor that sometimes outweighs all the others in favor of home schooling or external study, which will be discussed in the next paragraph.

external student

There are various forms of education, but it is this method that has the greatest legal regulation. A person who learns in this way is an external student. This is a person who independently masters general educational programs. The student has the right to intermediate and final certification in general educational institutions. In other words, to study according to the external study program means to master all the disciplines on your own, according to the drawn up schedule, and come to the educational institution only to pass the exams, which is necessary to confirm the successful development of the school curriculum.

To learn in this way or not is the personal choice of everyone. Parents and children will find a lot of pros and cons in this option. One way or another, this method is simply necessary in different situations, for example, children with a difficult life situation, when attending an educational institution becomes impossible. In any case, external study as a form of education is very good and is simply necessary for many students.

Self-education (a form of family education)

This form of education is no different from external studies, except that the student is not enrolled in any educational institution. Consequently, he cannot pass the necessary exams to confirm the mastery of all programs, because, speaking in simple words, officially does not study anywhere. His status as a student is not registered anywhere, which means that in the future he will not be able to enter any university. Various forms of education differ from this one in their reliability and security. Studying on other forms, the future student receives a guarantee of the opportunity to enter an institute or university.

Methods for obtaining a university diploma and their description

Forms of education in the Russian Federation are diverse and numerous. Below we will look at each of them.

Full-time education

The full-time form of education at the university is almost the same as the school. Already an adult, not a child, attends lectures at an institute or university, completes assignments, participates in seminars and periodically passes intermediate certification. At the same time, the student is officially registered as a student and can receive a state diploma upon graduation (provided that the institution has the right to issue such documents).

Part-time (evening) education

Forms of higher education include such classes. Unlike the previous type of training, where about 70% of the study time is allocated to classes with a teacher, much less hours are devoted to lectures. There can be no more than 10 hours of listening to material per week, and the rest of the time is intended for self-preparation. Evening this form of education is called because classes for students begin after 18:00. Therefore, this way of learning is ideal for those who have already found a job. Classes for “evening” students are held in the same way as for “full-time students” - lectures, seminars, open events, etc.

Correspondence form of education, or external study

Here, 70% of the time is devoted to self-training, and only 30% is devoted to attending lectures. Students, unlike their counterparts who attend the university every day, have an orientation session, which they pass in the first months after entering the university. Usually it is October-November. The correspondence form of education is ideal for those who work or sit with a child, as well as for those who, due to some circumstances, could not enter the full-time department.

Distance learning

The distance learning system appeared not so long ago, but has already managed to take root in many universities. Its essence is that the student and teacher interact remotely with each other, exchanging tasks and completed work. Such communication is carried out mainly through the Internet. With the help of distance learning, it is much more convenient to receive education in absentia. After all, LMS allows the student to receive assignments in a timely manner, and the teacher provides the convenience and speed of their verification. All components of standard training are stored here - lectures, colloquia, assessments, etc.

Now one can see how rich and varied the forms of education are. One has only to choose the most suitable one and start preparing for the entrance exams.