Presentation - What is a microbe? Presentation “Microbes. What or who is it? Presentation fairy tale about a computer virus to preschoolers

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Where there is dirt, microbes live. Small - not to see. There are a lot of them, microbes, It is impossible to count. Among microbes there are our friends and enemies. With both, we must learn to behave properly in order to stay healthy. Microbes are friends and enemies of man, so you should be extremely careful.

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Here is a drop of water, look how many microbes are on it! Can't you see anything? That's right, because the microbes are very small, less than a droplet, they are so easy not to see.

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Small, but remote microbes - friends and enemies of man. The size of microbes - friends and enemies of man is from thousandths to millionths of a millimeter, they can only be seen under a microscope.

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Smaller than mosquitoes and midges In many, many thousands of times. The darkness of invisible little animals Prefers to live in us. The microflora of the human body "weighs" up to 1.5 kg. Bacteria live on the skin, mucous membranes, in the organs of the digestive system, acting as our helpers and protectors. "Harmful" microbes - also feel very comfortable in our body, and when immunity is weakened, they completely "unbelt", provoking various diseases.

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Frequent hand washing for modern man not just a sign of good upbringing and accuracy. This simple procedure can protect against dangerous diseases, because it is through dirty hands that pathogenic microbes enter our body.

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Washing hands according to certain rules is one of the better ways prevention, which requires only soap and warm water.

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If we cut our nails short, there will not be a black border of dirt under them and, of course, the bacteria contained in it will not get inside us, and we will not get sick. The same can be said about a handkerchief. It is essential for coughing and sneezing. It is necessary to turn away and hide behind them so that germs do not fly to comrades.

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Everyone knows that with scratches and cuts, you need to lubricate the wound with a disinfectant: alcohol, hydrogen peroxide or iodine, so as not to leave germs a chance.

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If you eat or touch your mouth with dirty hands, Your stomach will definitely hurt from microbes.

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A good breeding ground for microbes are foods containing a lot of water (milk, broths), as well as meat, fish, etc.

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In crowded places (metro, public transport, supermarkets, concert and cinema halls), the number of microbes reaches 300 thousand per cubic meter.

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On outdoors There are much fewer microbes, so it is very useful to walk in the fresh air in the forest, in the park.

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Most people are sure that microbes are only harmful and they should be destroyed by all available means: from washing hands to cleaning every square centimeter of the apartment. But it's not like there are many beneficial microbes.

Interactive game with younger children preschool age

"Microbes around us"

Target: through an interactive game to introduce children to the concept of "Microbe".

Tasks:

Educational:

1. Give an idea that various microbes live around us.

2. To introduce at a level accessible to children that microbes are different, they are very small and invisible.

3. Continue to acquaint children with the fact that microbes are harmful and cause disease.

4. Familiarize yourself with the fact that hygiene helps to defeat germs.

Developing:

1. To develop children's attention, the ability to compare objects in appearance.

2. To develop the speech activity of children.

Educational:

1. Raise the desire to observe the rules of personal hygiene.

2. Enrich children's emotional responsiveness.

Children sit on chairs near the interactive whiteboard. A voice sounds: “Do you recognize me? It's me, the microbe!"- oh who is it? - Have you heard? Is it a microbe? Do you know what microbes are? (children's answers with reflections)

Let's see how these microbes differ from each other?

(they are of different colors, different shapes, they have a different number of eyes).

Let's think and find houses for microbes.

Through reasoning, we find out

That microbes with one eye live in the first house,

The second with two eyes, and the third with three.

Children are asked to choose a microbe

And say how many eyes he has

And what house does he live in?

After choosing a child and the correct answer

The child clicks on the selected microbe

And he takes over his house.

- these microbes also fled, let's find out who escaped from where. With the help of reasoning, we find out that the houses of microbes differ in color. Children choose a microbe, name its color. After the correct answer, click on the selected microbe, and it finds its place.

Guys, have you ever seen microbes? A voice sounds: “We are small microbes. We are not visible. You won't find us"-Guys, we've all heard about microbes, but we've never seen them. Because they are very small. - to see microbes, you need a special apparatus that magnifies everything, makes it big.

Let's try to find out where the microbes are hiding? - I wonder where germs are hiding in the toilet? - in the toilet, on the walls, on the floor. -What do we do? Germs can make you sick. How can we be? After reasoning, we note that after visiting the toilet, you should wash your hands with soap and water.

Where do you think the germs are hiding in the playground? -What do we do? Germs can make you sick. How can we be? After the reasoning, we note that after the walk you need to wash your hands with soap and water. Where are the microbes hiding? Yes, microbes live in the snow too. These microbes can cause a stomach ache or a sore throat, a sore throat. -What do we do? That's right, you can't eat snow outside.

Look, room! Are there microbes here too? Children's guesses are heard. . -Guys, the room is collecting dust, dirt, which is very fond of microbes. -what to do? Children's reasoning. - It is right to clean the house, wipe the dust, wash the floor.

The voice of the microbe sounds: “We microbes are very fond of dirt. Ha ha ha!" - see germs live on our dirty hands, under our dirty nails. What can we do to help us get rid of and save ourselves from microbes? The reasoning of children, we bring children to hygiene products.

Yes, we need to keep cleanliness, and we have helpers. Children find on the slide a picture with a hygiene item, name it. When the image is clicked, a bell rings and the microbe disappears.-Look, all the germs are gone! And our assistants helped us: soap, washcloth, shampoo, water, towel, handkerchiefs. If we keep cleanliness, we are not afraid of any germs!

Microbes Your first health lessons Yatskina Nina Mikhailovna MKDOU No. 2 “Swallow G. Semiluki 2014.

Where there is dirt, microbes live. Small - not to see. There are a lot of them, microbes, It is impossible to count. Among microbes there are our friends and enemies. With both, we must learn to behave properly in order to stay healthy. Microbes are friends and enemies of man, so you should be extremely careful.

Here is a drop of water, look how many microbes are on it! Can't you see anything? That's right, because the microbes are very small, less than a droplet, they are so easy not to see.

Small, but remote microbes - friends and enemies of man. The size of microbes - friends and enemies of man is from thousandths to millionths of a millimeter, they can only be seen under a microscope.

Smaller than mosquitoes and midges In many, many thousands of times. The darkness of invisible little animals Prefers to live in us. The microflora of the human body "weighs" up to 1.5 kg. Bacteria live on the skin, mucous membranes, in the organs of the digestive system, acting as our helpers and protectors. “Harmful” microbes also feel very comfortable in our body, and when immunity is weakened, they completely “unbelt”, provoking various diseases.

Frequent hand washing for a modern person is not just a sign of good upbringing and accuracy. This simple procedure can protect against dangerous diseases, because it is through dirty hands that pathogenic microbes enter our body.

Regular hand washing is one of the best preventive measures that requires only soap and warm water.

If we cut our nails short, there will not be a black border of dirt under them and, of course, the bacteria contained in it will not get inside us, and we will not get sick. The same can be said about a handkerchief. It is essential for coughing and sneezing. It is necessary to turn away and hide behind them so that germs do not fly to comrades.

Everyone knows that with scratches and cuts, you need to lubricate the wound with a disinfectant: alcohol, hydrogen peroxide or iodine, so as not to leave germs a chance.

If you eat or touch your mouth with dirty hands, Your stomach will definitely hurt from microbes.

A good breeding ground for microbes are foods containing a lot of water (milk, broths), as well as meat, fish, etc.

In crowded places (metro, public transport, supermarkets, concert and cinema halls), the number of microbes reaches 300 thousand per cubic meter.

There are much fewer germs in the open air, so it is very useful to walk in the fresh air in the forest, in the park.

Most people are sure that microbes are only harmful and they should be destroyed by all available means: from washing hands to cleaning every square centimeter of the apartment. But it's not like there are many beneficial microbes.

The smells of onion and garlic are beneficial. They destroy germs of various diseases. Therefore, more often you need to eat onions and garlic in food, they are very useful for the body. Foaming kvass, soft porous bread - we would not have tasted them if it were not for our friends - microorganisms.

Beneficial microorganisms that live in the human body help fight diseases, participate in digestion.

The smallest living beings play their invaluable role on Earth. Bacteria convert organic matter into inorganic, cleaning our planet of debris.

Game Useful Harmful

Attention! The site administration site is not responsible for the content methodological developments, as well as for compliance with the development of the Federal State Educational Standard.

The abstract presents experiments that can be carried out with children, forming their knowledge of the rules of personal hygiene and skills in caring for their own health.

Target: Formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle, knowledge of the rules of hygiene.

Tasks:

Educational

• To create conditions for the development of cognitive interest in research activities.
• To form knowledge that all many diseases are infectious in nature and are transmitted by airborne droplets and household routes.

Educational

• Contribute to the formation of an idea of the world inhabited by micro-organisms.
• Enter the words into the active dictionary: hygiene, microorganisms, cleanliness, hygienic procedures, reproduction, microscope, microbiology, zoology

Educational

• To educate preschool children the need to use the rules of personal hygiene.
• Create conditions for translating the data obtained that a person is able to protect himself from diseases into personally necessary habits

Preliminary work:

• Reading the work of G. Oster "Petka microbe"
• Introduction to the microscope
• Learning poetry
• Learning the outdoor game "Microbes useful and harmful"
• Testing and experimenting with a cup of milk, slices of bread for mold, yeast starter, eggs in vinegar.

Equipment: Own equipment for every experience, Dunno, a white coat, a microscope, recording a song, recording a melody for a game, a tape recorder, a multimedia device, a laptop,

Organizational moment: "Terrible interesting" from the cartoon from "38 Parrots". Words: G. Oster, Music: G. Gladkov.

Surprise moment: Dunno

Poems about microbes: http://zanimatika.narod.ru/ZOJ_gigiena.htm

Presentation "What microbes look like"

1. Microbial Journey Experience
2. Experience "Microbe in the palm of your hand"
3. Experience "Alien microbes"
4. Experience "Catching a microbe"
5. Experience "How to escape from germs"
6. Experience "Yogi and water dirty and clean"
7. Experience "How different microbes grow"
8. Experience "Why teeth are strong and healthy"

Reflection.

Homework: Journalistic investigation "All about microbes"

Event progress

Organizing time

Children gather around the teacher to the song "Terrible Interesting" from the cartoon from "38 Parrots". Words: G. Oster, Music: G. Gladkov.

surprise moment

Dunno, dressed as a professor, sits near the microscope, as if looking into it and mumbling: "Terrible, charming, distressing, wonderful."
Educator: Dunno, what are you doing? (It is desirable that the children ask "What are you doing?").

Stranger: You want to know what I'm doing. Everyone says "Microbes, germs." What kind of microbes I don’t see anything and I don’t know anything. So they don't exist.

Educator: Dunno, you are wrong. Who are microbes?

Let the kids tell us about it

Poems about microbes

I. Ordinary "Validious Viruses"

G. Kruzhkov "A microbe is a terribly harmful animal"

Dunno: What is a microbe? I do not know anything. How to get sick like that? Don't want

Educator: And I invite you and all the children to go to the land of knowledge. I change into Professor Znaikin and go.

Redundant information: The smallest microorganisms, of which there are billions of billions on our planet. Even in our room, on your arms and clothes. They live around. On one piece of skin one square centimeter in size there are a million of them. And what microbes do you know (harmful and beneficial). If he were not so smart and small, we would definitely see a microbe. Microbes are studied by various sciences, microbiology, zoology. And what they look like, I suggest you see.

Presentation "What microbes look like"

Harmful microbes are everywhere, most of all in a humid environment. Where is our wet environment? (in the mouth). And so when we sneeze and cough and forget to close our mouths, our germs are scattered. Want to check it out?

1 experience

Equipment: mirrors with a clean mirror surface, napkins, handkerchiefs individually, a spray bottle with warm water.

Move: We examine the mirror. What is it?

Check if your mirror is clean now? No. There were drops on it. And we all know that many, many microbes live in droplets. And therefore, from an unprotected mouth, droplets scatter around and settle on other objects, people. And they scatter something like this (the teacher brings the spray gun close to his mouth and splashes around).

Conclusion: It is in this way that microbes that have entered the body of other people can cause diseases. What to do so that germs do not scatter (children's options: cover your mouth with your palm, use a napkin)

2 Experience

Equipment: A bowl of finely chopped New Year's tinsel.

Move: You said to use your palm.

I suggest putting your hands in the bowl, (one or two children) stir the tinsel. Cool. Show your hands to the children. Shake your neighbor's hand now? And the next neighbor (and so on). Look, now everyone has their hands in tinsel. Beautiful, so shiny, like droplets of saliva from our mouth when you coughed and covered your mouth with your hand.

Conclusion: Tinsel from your hands is like microbes that pass from person to person. And if we hit the objects in the group now, our germs will pass on to them. And a person who did not get sick, but got these microbes, becomes infected with them.

So how can we, after all, be saved from germs? That's right, you need to cover your mouth with a handkerchief and wash the handkerchief as often as possible. Let's see if our germs escape through a handkerchief? (the first experiment is being repeated with mirrors and a scarf)

3 Experience

We have different microbes and Sasha has his own, Oksana has her own. But they keep mixing. And if the body copes with its microbes, then when they pass to others, they can do much harm to us. How do they mix, you ask. And let's check.

Equipment: transparent cups filled halfway with multi-colored water of blue, yellow, green, red.

Action: Each child holds their own cup. In turn, one child pours his water into a glass to a neighbor, the second then gives it back. As a result of these actions, the water becomes dirty in color.

Conclusion: Thus, your microbes, mixing, give a sad result. A lot of foreign microbes constantly get to you. And from beautiful and good, they turn into harmful and dangerous.

4 Experience

You want to check, guys, that you have germs on your hands.

Equipment: cups of water with lemon juice added, a sheet of white paper, an iron.

Progress: We are conducting a dangerous experiment. Now we will see microbes, we will catch them. Who is not afraid. What do I have in my hands? ( White paper) Are there any marks on it? No. 2 children put their hands in a glass of water, shake it, and then press it against a piece of paper. Do you see germs now. No. And now I, the most dexterous microbe seeker, the famous Professor Znaikin, enter the business. I turned on the iron, it was already very hot. Should you touch it (No) Why? And what can happen if I don't turn off the iron. I will definitely turn it off after our dangerous experiment. In the meantime, I start stroking our clean, white leaves to catch germs.

Conclusion: Under the influence of a hot iron, traces of sour lemon appear on a sheet of paper in brown. These are our microbes. Look, they sat all over the palm. But we caught them.

5 Experience

And how can you be saved from them?

Equipment: A bowl of black-dyed flour, a bowl of water, soap, magnifiers for children.

Hod: Who is the bravest? Put your hands in the bowl. Ugh, dirty hands. Shake off, shake off. All shaken up? Let's check it out guys. You can still shake it or, after all, try to wash it off. Rinse your hands lightly. Are they clean now? No. Rinse harder. Or maybe wash thoroughly with soap. After each action, the children examine the floury hands through a magnifying glass. Until then, the hands will not be clean.

Conclusion: Hands are now clean. Guys, what is the water in the basin like? But on the other hand, the hands are now really clean and we are not afraid of any diseases due to dirty hands. Be sure to wash your hands with soap.

Verse Bredikhin V. “Once a microbe settled and another microbe”

Physical culture break "Microbes useful and evil"

Equipment: tape recorder, recording with melodies of two types: alarming, menacing, light and pleasant.

Stroke: Under one melody, children depict terrible microbes, under a light one - friendly and friendly.

6 Experience (experience - cunning, a little deceit)

I know germs are everywhere. On clothes, toys in the water. Speaking of water. Some of our girls and boys are very fond of eating snow. Look, I brought snow from the street for you and set it to thaw. What kind of water is in my glass now? (dirty) Do you think there are germs in it? Let's check?

Equipment: a glass of starch water (turbid and settled so that starch is not visible), a glass, boiled water, iodine.

Move: For the purity of the experiment, pour boiled water into this glass. The child pours water into a glass from a kettle with boiled water. And what is it with me? (iodine). You have to be afraid of him. And what is it for? Right. All harmful microbes are very afraid of iodine, they die from it. What color is yoga? If I pour it into clean water. What color will the water be? We check. This is pure boiled water, it is without germs. This one is street. Will our water cups be different. We pour iodine.

Conclusion: in a glass of clean water, the water becomes the color of iodine. In another glass (starch water), the water turns blue. Children see the difference. In this experiment, cunning is not the main indicator of the chemical reaction of the iodine-starch compound. The main thing is that iodine is needed for disinfection, dirty water is also useful, you can’t eat snow. Our microbes got caught. You will never harm us again. We will use iodine. And we won’t drink snow on the street, and we won’t drink unboiled tap water. Is it true?

7 Experience

Equipment: kefir, cheese, sour cream as a waste product of dairy microorganisms, yeast starter, buns, bread slices on a plate wrapped in cling film, sour milk.

We have already talked about the fact that microbes are useful and harmful. We read about how Petka microbe made kefir. And what happened to us? Now we will not only talk about it, but also see it. The day before yesterday, for the purity of the experiment, we hid pieces of raw bread and a mug of milk from everyone. This morning we put the micro-organisms "yeast" on the battery. They hid it, tightly closed it, so that no one would put something superfluous on us. Are we opening now? We check whether our microbes have grown or not. Will we first see beneficial microbes or harmful microbes? (Children's choice). Examination of mold, yeast dough, sour milk.

Conclusion: Mold microbes should not be touched or tasted. They are harmful and can be harmful. Although there is such a medicine, it is called penicillin, it is obtained just from mold microbes. It helps with so many infectious diseases. But you and I know that you can’t touch the medicine without permission, in the wrong doses the medicine turns into poison and a person can die.

Guys, look, the protein in milk has curled up from meeting with beneficial microbes. But nevertheless, it is still useful. It is needed by our body for growth.

How did our dough rise? It has grown microbes. At first there were few of them. But a warm, damp environment, sugar, flour and water, helps them grow just like all healthy foods do for us. By eating healthy foods we become stronger, taller, healthier, so do microbes. In a good environment for them, they grow quickly.

8 Experience

Equipment: 2 eggs, 2 styrofoam teeth, tall bowl, vinegar, toothbrush, calcium toothpaste.

The fact that any dairy products are very useful is said by mom, dad, grandmother, grandfather, educator, shop assistant, TV announcer, doctor in the hospital. What is the benefit of milk? It also has useful elements. They are called calcium. It serves to strengthen our teeth and we will now again set up a long experiment. There are two eggs in front of you. Touch which egg. What can you say about him. There is a lot of calcium in the egg shell. Therefore, it is solid. But the acid that is in our body can destroy calcium, and teeth and bones will ache and break. Let's see what happens if we drop acid on the tooth. Now someone who does not brush his teeth twice a day at home will help me. (Drip acetic acid on the foam teeth. The teeth will dissolve). Now those who brush their teeth at home will help me. He will smear one egg with toothpaste, and leave the second as it is. Now let's put our eggs in a bowl with acid, which mom uses at home when she cooks borscht, pickles tomatoes, cucumbers. You can touch it without the permission of adults. Why? We put. While our eggs are thinking about how they should behave in vinegar, I now offer you a very useful afternoon snack that our friends gave us, useful microbes: kefir and a bun. Experience takes a long time. Therefore, it is better to prepare one egg in advance by keeping it for two days in vinegar. Or, as a delayed result, check it the next day.

Conclusion: The egg that was not treated with toothpaste became soft. And the egg that was smeared with paste remained hard. To keep our teeth strong. What should we do with you? Clean.

This is the end of our cognitive experimentation. Don't forget about hygiene!

Verse L. Avdeev "Do not forget about hygiene!"

Victoria Urusova
Presentation "Microbes and viruses"

Microbes are everywhere but they are very small. They can only be seen under microscope. Many harmful microbes on earth, in shops, at the entrance, on door handles, railings, on unwashed vegetables, fruits, on animal hair - dogs, cats. Microbes are useful and harmful. Hands accumulate a huge amount of harmful microbes, which can cause dangerous infectious diseases. These diseases are called "Diseases of dirty hands". If you don't wash your hands, then microbes can end up in your stomach and cause illness.

Harmful microbes are also called viruses. When sneezing, coughing, a sick person sprays a lot of droplets that scatter on long distance and can stay in the air for a long time, along with the air other people inhale them and can also get sick. Droplets even fall on various objects and food. Therefore, when sneezing and coughing, do not forget to cover your nose and mouth with your hand or a handkerchief so that other people do not get sick.

And what do you think, what important rules must be observed in order not to get infected and not to bring the infection into our body?

1. Do not forget to wash your hands with soap before eating, after the street, after the toilet and other places you visit.

2. Hands must be washed well with soap after you have played with a cat or dog and other animals.

3. Thoroughly wash vegetables and fruits.

4. When we sneeze, we cough behind a handkerchief.

5. In order for the body to be strong, healthy and quickly cope with diseases, one must go in for sports, do exercises, ski, swim, temper.

We will all follow these rules so as not to get sick and always be healthy.

Related publications:

Synopsis of organized educational activities for children of the senior group "What are microbes?" MKDOU Bobrovsky kindergarten No. 4 of a general developmental type Synopsis of an organized educational activities for older children.

Research work "Who are microbes?" Introduction Throughout life, a person encounters microbes that are everywhere: in the air, in water and soil, on the ground, and in plants.

Program content: to give children elementary ideas about infectious diseases and their pathogens (microbes and viruses). Attract.

Abstract of the lesson on cognitive development "Microbes and Viruses - terrible pests" SUMMARY OF A LESSON ON COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT FOR CHILDREN OF THE TERRIBLE PRESCHOOL AGE "MICROBES AND VIRUSES - TERRIBLE VREDILUS" Purpose: Clarification.

Summary of classes with children 3-4 years old in the younger group "Microbes" Purpose: Formation in children of the basics of a healthy lifestyle. Tasks: - to form children's ideas about health as one of the main values;

"Microbes - who are they" Purpose: to introduce children to the concept of microbes; give an idea of ​​what they are, their benefits and harms.

Presentation "Shrovetide" End of winter. The days are getting long and bright, the sky is blue and the sun is bright. At this time, folk festivals were organized in Rus'. Was called.