How to start your own company in How to open an LLC: step by step instructions

Many modern people were able to realize that working for someone is not as profitable as working for yourself. Starting a business is a complex and multi-level step. First, investments are needed to achieve the set goals. Secondly, if the case is set incorrectly, you can get significant losses, that is, you can burn out. For this reason, before you start your own business, you need to study all the nuances state registration, choose options for the taxation system, and also draw up a plan correctly. Many are sure that if personal funds are invested in a business, then in this situation it will not be necessary to draw up a plan at all. Actually, it is not. Planning ensures the proper distribution of funds, allows you to rationally assess all kinds of risks, and as a result, you can initially calculate whether this or that direction will be profitable, and how to organize your business in such a way as to completely eliminate all kinds of negative aspects.

Do not forget that it is very important to choose the right direction of your activity. Many experts say that getting prospects active growth You can only if you like the chosen direction. Also, do not forget that it is the presence professional skills and skills can help you competently control production or industrial processes. Further, it should be remembered that entrepreneurial activity in our country is allowed and even encouraged. There are certain types of business for which there are even government programs for lending and leasing land. This issue is also recommended to study. After all, the organization of production for the manufacture of certain food products may have prospects for active growth due to low imports of such goods, while you can additionally count on government support.

State registration is required. That is, you must officially open your company, draw up all the relevant documents, choose a taxation system in accordance with the established norms of the law. After that, you can start opening. In other words, starting a business is not a problem. It will be problematic to organize it correctly and make it successful. Indeed, today there is a fairly significant level of competition. This means that you will have to face various difficulties and problems that will have to be solved as the enterprise develops. If you initially correctly draw up a plan, you will be able to take into account all the dangerous moments and risks in its composition. You will be able to properly manage funds to attract the attention of potential customers and appreciate all the benefits of investing the income received in further development enterprises. That is, you need to take into account everything to the smallest detail, then you will certainly succeed.

The direction of business can be any, but before you make a final choice, be sure to conduct a process of studying the competition. For example, to open a ceramic workshop in the city where large production with which you can not compete - not worth it. Competitive analysis is important, because that's how you can determine what you really will be doing and how you can activate the interest of potential customers.

In order for your business to become successful later, the most important thing is to correctly define the idea. The more original the idea, the higher the chance that you will reap the benefits of active development. An equally important step is to evaluate the activities of competitors. If you correctly identify the advantages of competitors, you will be able to provide potential customers with something more interesting, which will significantly affect the formation of demand for your services or products.

How to open your own company and start a business from scratch

Starting a business from scratch, and not acquiring a ready-made one, is advised by many marketers. The thing is that in this way, you can correctly choose the direction and immediately work out the structure advertising company which will certainly become the basis for building a reputation. Each firm works in its own way, but reputation is an integral part of creating demand for the services, goods or materials provided. It is quite obvious that when forming a business from scratch, you can immediately correctly calculate the plan, taking into account all the features of the area where the business will be organized, as well as taking into account the peculiarities of competition. If you buy a ready-made business, then it is not a fact that you will receive well-planned planning, and it is not a fact that the business is not on the verge of bankruptcy.

If you decide to open a company from scratch, you need to proceed as follows:

• IN without fail an idea is defined, and a business plan is drawn up. It is very important that you include all the important factors in the plan, be sure to evaluate the benefits of developing an idea, and evaluate the level of competition. Use only reliable data in calculations, then you can count on the formation of an excellent opening result;
• Immediately decide where the office of your company will be located, evaluate the proposed rental options. If you have the opportunity to build a room, be extremely careful when choosing a place. The most rational option is to rent an office in a business center. So, you can immediately count on a certain influx of customers from those who regularly visit such centers;
• Do not forget that in our country rules are established that determine the need for mandatory registration in the state format. Remember that if you do not register your company legally, then your activities will be suspended, significant fines will be formed, and it is not a fact that in the future you will be able to undergo official registration, since a ban on the implementation of entrepreneurial activity;
• It will be necessary to carry out a process of assessing the strengths and weaknesses products or your services. Conduct adequate and detailed market research options. That is, evaluate supply and demand. Be sure to make a kind of forecasts of production volumes, as well as take into account aspects of the promotion of goods or services. Immediately you will need to calculate the amount that will be required for the initial and further investments;
• Arrangement and equipment. You must understand that initial funding is mandatory. There are many areas of business where initial investments are not necessary, that is, a business can be started not only from scratch, but also without any special investments. However, the turnover of such a business will be minimal. This should certainly be taken into account if you are looking to make a significant profit. Accordingly, if you are counting on an actively developing business, you will need to assess the financing needs for renting premises, the initial costs of registering and hiring specialists, purchasing equipment, purchasing materials, decorating an office or storage space;
• A very important stage of planning is the calculation of marketing, as well as pricing policy. You must understand that without advertising it will be impossible to get the desired influx of customers. Among other things, you will have to carry out the process of the level of competitiveness of your business in advance from the standpoint of studying the work of competitors in a particular area. Mandatory marketing research.

The benefits of planning should not be underestimated. The thing is that a well-written plan, which will include an analysis of all the important points, is the basis of your success in the future. Therefore, this issue should be given the maximum amount of time and attention.

How to register

At the moment, there are various forms of business, and before starting your own business, you need to correctly determine the form that will appeal to your idea. Let us immediately draw your attention to the fact that the structure of documentation, reporting, payment of taxes, etc. will depend on the choice of the form of business. The following forms are typical for a business from scratch:

• IP- this is a form of business, which assumes that an individual is formed, carrying out entrepreneurial activities. Immediately, we note that the form is considered the most common and simple. In the process of doing business, you do not need to pass a complex tax reporting, also formed the absence of the need to maintain accounting records. However, you will need to systematically submit documentation in the form of a declaration. Let's say right away that an entrepreneur in this form of business has the right to hire employees, while forming a kind of restriction on the number of employees;
• OOO- a fairly popular form of business, which involves the formation of a legal entity. We will immediately say that the authorized capital must be drawn up without fail, and it is also assumed that a significant amount of documentation must be drawn up and submitted. But, this form of business is considered optimal for those who have prospects for active development. Here the opportunity is formed to create additional branches in other cities and the possibility of hiring a very significant number of people is determined. Accordingly, if you expect your business to develop actively, you should choose this particular form of business;
• JSC- this form assumes that a whole company of a joint stock plan is being formed. We will certainly say about the need to form the capital of the authorized format, which in the future should be divided into a certain amount of shares. All capital contributions are made by the owners. Statutory documents are also formed, which determine the absence of the possibility of selling shares to other persons, etc. The form of business is quite complex. She impresses large enterprises and companies.

In addition to choosing a form of business, you also have to choose a tax option. In our country, formed various systems, each of which has its own positive and negative points. With the right choice, you will reap the benefits minimum investment time and effort in the design process reporting documentation and you can significantly reduce your costs.

Remember that the system option is selected at the stage of business registration, for this reason, we recommend that you immediately pay close attention to all the nuances and important points, study all the features and advantages of the systems in order to make a competent and rational choice.

Rules of a Successful Entrepreneur

For a business to actually have the desired level of success, it must be skillfully and competently organized. Moreover, we recommend that you familiarize yourself with the rules that you must follow so that no problems and difficulties arise in the future:

• Before opening a business, you should definitely draw up a plan, so you will get some kind of calculations, on the basis of which you can determine the rationality of your investments and the prospects for the development of the business as a whole;
• Be sure to calculate all risks. Describe the disadvantages of the business, and indicate how they can be eliminated;
• The competition should not be underestimated. Remember that those companies that have been operating for a long time, in fact, have certain advantages over you. And in order to minimize the level of your risks, you need to immediately think over the structure of actively attracting customers. Let us draw your attention to the fact that such a structure will necessarily require certain investments, it is for this reason that you need to include them in the calculation of the plan so that you know exactly how much money you will have to spend in order to get the desired results;
• Today, according to a well-designed business plan, you can get a fairly impressive loan. Remember that lending has its advantages, however, for business it is a kind of burden. If you do not have a positive business experience, then it is best to start with your own, accumulated funds. If you take out a loan, then count on the minimum amount so that in the future, payments do not become critical for you;
• Be sure to assess the risks that you will face and calculate the losses that may arise if the business does not start as actively as you plan. An adequate perception of the business allows you to immediately choose a development strategy with minimal risk;
• Keep in mind that you should not count on the maximum profit at the start, it is for this reason that you must certainly assess future income adequately, immediately deduct those amounts that can be attributed to monthly expenses. Such a business organization structure will allow you to cover all arising expenses with the amounts of income received;
• You should not open a business if the level of competition is too significant, cash you take out a loan, and the calculation of the business plan did not show the desired results. Remember that such a discovery has undeniably high risks, it is for this reason that it is best to immediately abandon such business options;
• Before opening, you should carefully study the market. You must understand that not only competition is taken into account. The level of demand is also estimated. If you are going to implement the original and non-standard idea, it is immediately better to conduct a kind of marketing research. Indeed, in certain areas, the opening of such a business does not have any prospects for development;
• Remember also that you need to get cooperation with suppliers or intermediaries in advance. The choice must be careful and competent. The range of offers is very significant. You should also meet with representatives of companies and find out what individual terms of cooperation you can be offered;
• It is recommended to open a business in the area in which you have certain professional skills, abilities and knowledge. Thus, you will be able to really fully control all the important points and nuances, you will be able to carry out competent planning, and you will certainly be able to activate your skills in the field of improving offers and taking into account all the needs of potential customers or buyers.

There are many challenges at the start of a business. You must be ready for them. After all, it is this approach to business that will provide your entrepreneurship with a kind of sustainability. Do not panic, remember that any problems can be correctly resolved.

Step-by-step instructions for opening

Step 1: Define the Idea

It is the idea that is an undeniably important stage in the development of a business. It often happens that even with minimal investment, you can get prospects for active development. And all for the reason that the idea is extremely original and non-standard. Evaluate all current business lines, do research in relation to the area where you are going to work, and trust me, you will be able to find a solution that will actually become the basis for your success.

Step 2: Planning

Even if you are not going to attract investors, partners or take a loan, that is, you are going to invest in a business own funds, you still need to go through the planning process. Based on this document, you will be able to correctly identify all the weak and strengths business. Only accurate and verified data must be entered into the plan. You also need to evaluate all the benefits of development, describe all kinds of risks. Many entrepreneurs point out that with a well-designed plan, many difficulties on the way to becoming can be eliminated.

Step 3: Room rental

It is very important that your office is located in the central part of the city. Thus, the location of the premises will be important in promoting your offer. The best solution is considered to be the rental of premises in big business center. Then, you will be confident in the relevance of your proposals, through a kind of free advertising, for example, a sign that can interest visitors to the center.

Step 4: Registration

Be sure to carry out state registration. Remember that if you do not have it, you will not be able to carry out your activities legally. So, you will not have any development prospects. It doesn't take long to register. The most important thing is to choose the form of business, as well as the taxation system. We recommend that this issue be given sufficient attention. After all, development opportunities depend on the form of business, and the system determines a number of your obligations to the state.

Step 5: Opening

Do your best to ensure that there is minimal advertising before the opening of your business. Thus, when your business starts, you will benefit from active demand from potential customers or buyers.

The structure of a business organization is quite simple, and it includes only a few basic steps. If you competently approach the implementation of all the stages that we wrote about above, then believe me, you are guaranteed success.

Is it worth starting your own business?

At its core, business actually has a number of difficulties, but nevertheless, it is he who is able to become an indisputable basis for ensuring, a kind of independence. financial plan. Each person understands that by working for someone, he receives only a part of the funds that he actually earns. It is for this reason that starting a business is an undeniable prospect of financial development. Nevertheless, let's say right away that entrepreneurs in our country are placed in rather difficult conditions, when state assistance is minimal, and the number of obligations, as well as the level of competition, are significant. That is, you will have to work on the implementation of your ideas and plans, you will have to face numerous problems and difficulties, but believe me, they are all solvable. The most important - proper organization and planning.

If you don't have the cash to start and you need to take out a loan to achieve your goals, this situation will require careful planning. Many banks today provide loans for start-up entrepreneurs. However, you must understand that bank specialists evaluate all the advantages of a business. And if you can’t provide a fully-fledged, carefully crafted plan, then in fact, you won’t be able to get credit. Since there will be no guarantee that you will be able to develop your entrepreneurial business and will be able to repay the loan in the future.

Also remember that today there are a lot of templates for plans for certain areas of business. The use of such templates will allow you to adequately treat the preparation of such documentation. In fact, the template can be made a model. In certain cases, you can even use standard planning. At the same time, if you strive to ensure that all calculations are clear and accurate, do them yourself. Be sure to focus on spending on the process of popularizing the business, otherwise there may be problems with profitability in the future.

Is it worth it to start Building bussiness? The answer to this question is harder to find than it seems at first glance. Embedded stereotypes predict that one cannot do without millions of investments. But if you show good organizational and negotiating skills, as well as develop and adhere to a clear business plan, you can open a construction company with zero investment.

Types of construction firms

In the construction industry, it is customary to divide firms according to certain qualifications, as a result of which each has its own set of functions. The following types of construction companies are noted:

• architectural and design;
• general contractor;
• subcontractors.

The latter are also divided into specialists and suppliers.

Architecture and design firms are among the elite in this field, with staff recruited from highly qualified professionals with practical experience. Often, such companies concentrate talented architects who have an academic degree.

Architectural and design firms - the elite of the construction business

The general contractor requires no less experienced and qualified specialists who are well aware of all the features and subtleties of construction, can be engaged in the construction of buildings, installation work, interior decoration and so on.

As for subcontractors performing work, they can be tied to general contractors and perform certain types of work for them. But they can also work independently, performing the same work as the general contractor, but only in a much smaller volume.

Subcontractors perform many types of work: from construction to finishing

Suppliers are not construction companies, but sellers who specialize in the supply of special equipment, technology and materials. Their main activity is trade.

Is it profitable to open a construction business: advantages and possible risks

Considering this distribution of functions between different types companies, we can conclude that it is subcontractors that can perform certain types of work that are most accessible to newcomers to open. Experts point out that the profitability in this area is very high - up to 70-80%, the payback of even large investments ranges from one to one and a half years.

But, as in any highly profitable business, there is very strong competition, entering the market is quite difficult, and finding an investor who is ready to invest in a newcomer is problematic. The fact is that it is difficult for a start-up company to show the high quality of the work performed, and its competitiveness depends on this.

How to be in such a situation? Where to get the necessary funds? This is where good organizational skills are needed. The most important thing you can't do without is qualified personnel. It does not require serious money to hire him, especially since he can already be hired under a taken order. As for special equipment, tools, they can be rented or leased. This approach allows you to significantly reduce the entry into the business, you can also pay for rent by prepayment for the order received. These funds are also used to purchase materials for construction.

It remains only to register the enterprise, join the SRO and rent the premises.

Where to start: paperwork

Business registration process construction company is no different from registering an enterprise in another area. There is only uncertainty, what is better to tear off: IP or LLC? You can also open an individual entrepreneur, but they still recommend choosing an LLC. This is due to the fact that the LLC has more opportunities, this form is more flexible to any changes in the legislation, it has the ability to obtain any licenses, if any.

Finally, an LLC is liable to counterparties with its authorized capital, while an individual entrepreneur is liable with its own property. And adverse events, incidents in this area are so likely that it is better to risk authorized capital than your own.

To register an LLC, in addition to the authorized capital, you will need:

• come up with a company name;
• indicate its location;
• indicate the founders of the company;
• list all activities of the organization.

You can register an enterprise yourself or outsource this to a law firm. This service will cost from 2 to 4 thousand rubles.

Difficulties in documenting begin when it is required to obtain special permits that would allow certain types of work to be carried out. We are talking about the registration of the status of a self-regulatory organization (SRO). This status makes it possible to carry out work that involves high risk. But it is not needed for those enterprises that carry out the construction:

• block houses, in which no more than 10 blocks;
• structures that do not exceed three floors;
• buildings with an area of ​​​​not more than 1.5 thousand m 2;
• buildings in which only one family can live.

This means that an ordinary construction company will not need to register an SRO. But without a building permit, not a single enterprise that is engaged in the construction of structures can do. It is received in the organs local government and without it, it is forbidden to build anything.

To engage in construction activities, you will first have to obtain the necessary permits and licenses.

If a company provides design services, it cannot do without issuing an appropriate license. The same is true for the provision of engineering services. The costs of processing these documents are minimal and do not require the help of investors.

Location selection

Where is the company's office located? The location of the company is not important, its orders do not depend on it. It can be located completely on the outskirts of the city, which reduces rental costs.

Not customers will come to the contractor, but vice versa. It is the construction company that needs to look for a customer, offer him his services, come to him to agree on any issues. If the subcontractor managed to get an order from the general contractor for some large facility, then the location of the office can be placed there.

Equipment and personnel

As mentioned above, any equipment and tools can be rented or leased. But even if you have the funds to purchase it, get the essentials, depending on what kind of work the company specializes in. Please note that no construction company can provide itself with everything necessary own equipment. Therefore, do not strive to achieve the impossible in this direction, it is better to spend the saved money on promotion and staff.

none construction company cannot provide itself with all the necessary own equipment

All materials are purchased after receiving an order, depending on which its quantity and quality are determined. Not always the customer, guided by considerations of economy, will make a choice in favor of high-quality building materials. Therefore, there is no need to pre-purchase it in high quality, at a higher price.

But the selection of personnel must be taken very seriously. To do this, it is better to immediately take a personnel officer who has experience in the construction industry to help yourself. He will help you quickly select the right specialists and a good foreman. In addition, you will need an architect-designer and an accountant.

Promotion instructions

Promotion depends on specialization. If a company specializes in performing work for individuals, then you will have to start a good website, create a whole system for attracting customers who will find the company through search queries on the web and through print advertising.

Your own website is a great opportunity to showcase examples of your work, if any.

In the event that the company will work with general contractors, it will have to actively cooperate with their managers. You will need good negotiating skills, and if they are not, then hire a manager or director of the company who has these skills.

Do not disregard participation in tenders. To do this, hire one employee whose duties will include preparing the necessary documentation and participating in tenders. You should not rely only on this method of attracting customers, since so many competitors are doing the same and the probability of winning them is small. However, you can get several customers a year through this channel.

Income and expenses

The answer to this question depends on the chosen direction. Here is a calculation for a small company that specializes in construction work. Its costs will be:

• purchase of tools - from 100,000 rubles;
• staff salary or payroll fund (PHOT) - 120,000 rubles.

The payroll is formed taking into account the salary for 4–5 people. The firm will need vehicle to deliver personnel, tools and material to the site, but in his absence, a carrier can be hired.

Repair rates are as follows:

• cosmetic repairs - up to 1,500 rubles. for 1 m 2;
• economy repair - from 2,000 rubles. for 1 m 2;
• luxury class works - from 3,500 rubles. for 1 m 2.

In a month, such a company, with an average workload, can carry out repairs from 200 m 2. And this will bring income from 400,000 rubles. We take away the costs of the payroll, payment for transport, rental of premises and taxes, about 200,000 rubles will remain. Investments in tools will pay off in half a month.

Of course, this is an optimistic forecast and it will be difficult to achieve such indicators at the initial stage. In the above calculation, there are no expenses for registration of the company. If the company plans to deal only with internal repair work, then registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC will not require significant investments. But if we are talking about a large-scale project that focuses on a wide range of services, then registration will take longer and require significantly more funding.

It is better to start in this business during the period of increased demand, which begins with the beginning of the thaw and ends in October. During this period, the demand for the services of construction companies is very high and it is not difficult to find a customer. reduce monthly expenses It is possible due to savings on the services of the carrier. To do this, you can lease a car, paying for its rent will be inexpensive, and someone from the construction team can be the driver.

Features of opening a large enterprise

If the company plans to provide services government agencies and legal entities, then you will have to register an LLC. When registering an IP, the owner deprives himself of the opportunity to work with large customers.

It is better to delegate the registration process to one of the law firms. At the same time, you need to order a website for the company. All this will cost 20,000–25,000 rubles, which will include payment of the state fee.

Registration of an enterprise is only the first and not the most expensive stage. The next step is to join the SRO.

If earlier it was necessary to obtain state licenses to work in the construction industry, now this process has been abolished. The concept is introduced as self-regulatory organization composed by experts in the relevant field. For the construction industry, this organization is made up of professionals of all related professions who work in the field - roofers, geologists, and so on.

To become a member of the SRO, you need to submit the following documents:

• extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities;
• a photocopy of the certificate of state registration of the company and its registration with the tax service;
• articles of association;
• an extract from the decision of the founders of the organization on the appointment of the head of the company.

A photocopy must be issued by a notary. In addition to these documents, which provide information about the company, it is necessary to submit documents characterizing its personnel, namely:

• photocopies of documents on specialized higher or secondary specialized education;
• photocopies work books workers, labor contracts concluded with them;
• copies of certificates of advanced training of personnel.

If managers cannot submit documents confirming the presence of specialized education, the company will not be able to carry out serious work. She will only have access to Finishing work and minor repairs. For professions such as an electrician or a high-altitude assembler, it is required to submit copies of non-expired certificates that indicate the tolerance group and have a mark on passing a medical examination. All these documents must be accompanied by a valid business card of the head of the company with contact details.

For joining the SRO, you will have to pay a fee of up to 25,000 rubles. The amount of the contribution depends on the local situation, it can be much less, but not less than 10,000 rubles. But you won’t be able to get off with one installment, you need to deposit 300,000 rubles. to the SRO compensation fund. This contribution is nothing more than civil liability insurance for a member of the organization. As a result, taking into account the state registration of the company, creating a website, joining the SRO, you will have to pay about 350,000 rubles.

Having formalized a construction company in this way, you can deal with investments as indicated above, but practitioners recommend making investments in the project so that the company has some kind of its own material support. This will require significant financial investments, namely:

• for the purchase and rental of special construction equipment, geodetic and geological surveys, design work will have to spend from 10 million rubles;
• for a garage to accommodate equipment and an office, you will have to pay from 60 thousand rubles a month;
• purchase of clothing hand tool for the brigade will cost at least 400,000 rubles.

Taking into account the payment of the office rent for the year and the execution of documents, the initial investment will amount to approximately 11 million rubles. Such a start is significantly different from the one proposed above, but it allows you to get large orders very quickly, allowing you to recoup the initial investment within 1–1.5 years.

In this article, I told in detail how to become an entrepreneur and open your own company from scratch (IP and LLC), and what kind of business you can do without experience

Hello dear friend! Alexander Berezhnov is in touch.

Today, more and more people want to become entrepreneurs and open their own company. Friends often turn to me for advice on such matters.

This article is a simple and accessible instruction that will help all aspiring entrepreneurs register their company and maintain an official commercial activity.

Let's go in order!

1. What is a firm and what firms are there?

Before I tell you how to open your own company, I will define this term and briefly describe what companies are and how they differ.

Firm- is an officially registered independent unit of business activity, which realizes its commercial goals in the interests of its participants, selling goods and services.

Such a concept as a firm has synonyms: company, enterprise.

Usually, a firm means a legal entity of one of the organizational legal forms- LLC, CJSC, JSC. These types of firms have both similarities and differences. We will also consider them below.

Also known as a firm individual entrepreneurs. However, this is not entirely true, since an individual entrepreneur is an individual registered in the prescribed manner for the purpose of conducting commercial (entrepreneurial) activities.

According to the current legislation, firms include only legal entities(Article 48 Civil Code RF).

And when the question arises of how to create a company, it means the opening of a legal entity.

IN modern society the word "firm" acquires a colloquial connotation.

For example, “Vasya, did you hear that Petrovich opened his own company?”. Almost all people who are engaged in business, they say "he has his own company". This word was especially popular in Russia in the 90s and 2000s.

At this time, only emerging market economy in our country and even in various advertising messages one could see phrases like: "The company offers Construction Materials Wholesale and Retail".

Let's now look at what firms are. I won't give an economics lesson here, and will only look at the kinds of business ventures that are appropriate to pursue if you want to become an entrepreneur.

2. Types of firms and enterprises

1. OJSC (Open Joint-Stock Company) - legal entity, form of organization public company, whose shareholders can sell their shares (stakes) in the company, and other individuals and legal entities can purchase these shares.

Open joint-stock companies are usually opened when it is necessary to quickly and without lengthy procedures attract investment in their business. All participants in such a joint-stock company receive dividends (profit) from existing shares.

The more shares a participant (shareholder) of an LLC owns, the more money he will receive in the form of dividends (earnings per share) for the period of holding shares.

JSC is obliged to publish a statement of its profits and losses. Examples of OJSCs include such giant companies as Gazprom, Sberbank and Lukoil.

2. CJSC (Closed Joint Stock Company)- a form of organization of a non-public company, with a predetermined circle of shareholders (founders).

Unlike an LLC, a CJSC is not required to publish its financial statements.

The current shareholders have the pre-emptive right to purchase shares in such a company.

CJSC is opened in the following cases:

• The need to attract external investment;
• The total volume of the company's capital is calculated in large amounts;
• The founders of this legal entity are going to sell their business some time later.

3. LLC (Company with limited liability) - a legal entity, a feature of which is a limited financial risk its members.

In an LLC, all debt obligations cannot exceed the volume of its authorized capital.

This means that the members of the company are liable for the company's debts only to the extent of their share in the authorized capital.

Today LLC is the most popular form of business organization in Russia among legal entities.

Separately, consider the IP ( individual entrepreneurship) as a commercial entity.

IP- an individual registered in the manner prescribed by law as an entrepreneur.

This form of business has its advantages and disadvantages. Along with LLC, IP is opened by many aspiring entrepreneurs.

It is worth saying that it is ideal when you have both an individual entrepreneur and an LLC open at the same time.

Moreover, you can register for yourself both an individual entrepreneur and an LLC. The legislation allows this.

For example, you can be an individual entrepreneur, while being the founder (co-founder) of an LLC, and even at the same time be an employee in any other company, and be registered there under an employment contract.

3. How to open your own company - choose the form of business organization

When a person begins to think about formalizing an existing business or wants to immediately open a company and officially become an entrepreneur, the question arises, what is better to open - an individual entrepreneur or an LLC?

There is no definite answer to it. Both options have their advantages and disadvantages.

It remains only to compare these forms of doing business and choose the most suitable one for yourself.

What is better to open - IP or LLC?

Let's take a closer look at the pros and cons of opening an IP and LLC.

IP advantages (+):

1. Easy and cheap registration. It is very easy to open an IP, and the whole procedure will take you from 2000 to 5000 thousand rubles (this already includes payment of the state fee for registering an IP in the amount of 800 rubles, making a seal and opening a current account).
2. Low fines and taxes. Sole proprietors usually pay lower taxes than legal entities. All fines for an entrepreneur are 10-50 times less than for legal entities (LLC).
3. Flexibility of activity. An entrepreneur can work without a current account, often he also does not need to cash machine, which complicates the control of real income by the state. Therefore, it is easier for an individual entrepreneur to optimize (minimize) taxes, and he also has less chance of getting sanctions from regulatory authorities.
4. Easy reporting. For individual entrepreneurs, reporting is much easier than for an LLC, its volume is also smaller. If you want to independently maintain and submit reports for your IP, then after spending a couple of days on this issue, you can do it without any problems.
5. Free disposal of your own money. All the money of an individual entrepreneur received as a result of conducting commercial activities is his property. So, for example, the money received by an LLC as a result of its commercial activities is the property of this company. You can’t withdraw them just like that, for example, to your card in a bank, or you can’t withdraw them in the form of cash.

According to paragraph 2 of Art. 861 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, all transactions between legal entities and individual entrepreneurs are carried out according to non-cash payment. Here we will not consider how to withdraw money from the current account of LLC. This is the topic of a separate article.

Cons of IP (-):

1. An individual entrepreneur is liable for his obligations (debts) with all his property. That is, if you signed any contract, did not fulfill your obligations properly, and you have debts to your customers or partners, then in judicial order you can be deprived of any property. Among it may be: real estate, vehicles, securities, bank deposits, equipment. This is the main disadvantage of IP. The next minus is rather subjective, but it is also present.
2. Restrictions on certain types of activities. An individual entrepreneur, for example, cannot sell alcoholic beverages and engage in certain other activities. Keep this in mind before starting your own business.
3. Individual entrepreneurs are required to pay contributions to the Pension Fund. An individual entrepreneur must pay money to the FIU, regardless of whether he conducts business or not. In the FSS (Social Insurance Fund), the IP makes contributions if there are employees.
4. "Insolidity" IP. With an individual entrepreneur, you will not always be able to participate in the state. purchases (competitions, quotations), that is, to fulfill government contracts. In most cases, individual entrepreneurs are not allowed to participate in such auctions. Also, they are reluctant to cooperate with IP large companies. Here the image or in another way the psychological moment plays a role. At "business tycoons", unfortunately, self employed associated with a small stall on the wound, where they sell socks or jeans. Although, by law, no one forbids a person registered as an individual entrepreneur to open a plant with hundreds of employees.

For example, I myself often pay attention to the following interesting fact and even share these observations with friends.

Real life examples

Once I go to a large Adidas brand store, I buy sneakers, and on the check it says “IP Babayan”.

Also recently I dined at a famous chain fast food"Subway" and what do you think? Same situation! The seller's inscription "IP Petrov" on the check.

Why is this happening? The answer is simple!

These entrepreneurs have opened their own franchise business, and accordingly, no one forbids them to be an individual entrepreneur and conduct their business under the brand name of a promoted brand.

Information on how to become an entrepreneur and open a franchise business can be found below in the "" section. This is one of better ways start your own business when you have already opened a company.

There are other disadvantages of IP, they are more related to the accounting side of the issue.

Therefore, when you register your company, contact an accountant and he will tell you what is better to open: an LLC or an individual entrepreneur.

This concludes a brief analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of IP.

Let's move on to the analysis of LLC.

Advantages of LLC (+):

1. Limited liability of participants (founders) of the company. How do you personally to an individual there is no risk of being left without money and property if your LLC cannot fulfill its obligations and is left with debts. According to the law, you only risk losing that part of the authorized capital that you own in the company.
2. Solidity and the ability to carry out any type of activity (with licenses). LLC is a full-fledged company that is trusted. The company can easily carry out any type of activity not prohibited by law, participate in tenders and quotations (public procurement).
3. An LLC can be sold or bought a company, unlike a sole proprietorship. If you have a need for additional investments or the sale of a business, then an LLC will suit you more than an individual entrepreneur.
4. A limited liability company does not pay contributions to the Pension Fund if it does not operate. This is very convenient if you are doing business "from time to time". At the same time, the LLC can cover the losses of previous years at the expense of the profit of the current year. Using this, the society reduces the income tax.

Cons of LLC (-):

1. Relatively expensive and more complicated registration procedure. To open an LLC, you need to collect more documents and the registration of a company itself costs several times more than registration of an individual entrepreneur.
2. Share capital required. The authorized capital acts as a monetary security for the guarantee obligations of the company to creditors.
3. Difficulties with the withdrawal of earned funds. The LLC distributes profits among the participants no more than once a quarter, all earned funds after receipt to the account of the LLC belong to the company and cannot be withdrawn without special procedures.
4. The need for accounting and more complex reporting. To maintain an LLC, a full-time or "incoming" accountant is usually hired, since there are subtleties that only a person with special education or experience.
5. High fines for violations of the law in the field of commercial activity. Some penalties for LLCs are ten times higher than those for individual entrepreneurs. In addition, individual entrepreneurs are less controlled by the state. It is more difficult for a limited liability company to apply "gray" schemes of work and legally evade taxes.

Dear readers, we have comparative analysis the two most popular organizational and legal forms commercial enterprise for a budding entrepreneur.

How to open an IP

I have covered this topic in detail in a separate article on our website: "".

How to open an LLC

I described all the details of creating my own LLC in the article: "".

Now you just have to work, and you can keep accounts and submit reports of your company via the Internet.

4. How to Become an Entrepreneur - 5 Proven Ways to Start Your Business

Method 1. We start our own business from scratch

This method is not the easiest for beginners, but it allows you to go all the way to organizing your business - from finding an idea to officially registering your company and making the first profit.

If you decide that you definitely want to open your own business on your own, but do not have the necessary knowledge and capital, see the best articles our site for start-up entrepreneurs on this topic.

For example, if you want to organize your business and not invest money in it, read the article "". Always strive not to invest in your business if you have no experience.

With the right knowledge, you can always open your business from scratch, and read how to do it right.

Aerobatics in the future, after you have opened a company and become an entrepreneur, will be to receive passive income from your activities. What is it and how to create passive income, read in.

Method 2. We buy a ready-made company

Buy ready-made company Another way to start your own business.

Today on the market there are various legal and consulting companies offer to buy a ready-made company from 20,000 rubles.

In this case, you can buy a so-called "pure" company - just registered, which has never been in business and does not have any history.

This method has its pros and cons.

Advantages of buying a ready-made company:

1. You are getting ready-made company"Full construction". Specialists have already done everything for you and handed over your brainchild to you. You just have to grow it and develop it.
2. Low risks of "surprises". You have a guarantee that you will not run into lawsuits or debts of the company, as it does not have a commercial history, including a negative one.
3. Complete freedom of creativity. Now you are the boss and have the right to decide for yourself in which direction to develop your business. You have your company documents in your hands, and you can create all commercial activities and business processes from scratch, based on your business vision.

Cons of buying a ready-made company:

1. The lack of a "name" in the market. The new company is one of thousands of its kind, without the trust of customers and business partners. You will not be able to use the positive reputation of the company as your asset, you will have to work on it and create it good reputation for the firm itself. You can also buy a ready-made company with equipment, employees and a solid history of existence. In this case, you will need an expert business appraiser and an auditor. These specialists will conduct a comprehensive assessment of your future enterprise and give their opinion on the appropriateness of buying such a business.

I had experience buying ready business with 9 employees who worked in shifts (the institution functioned around the clock). It was a gaming computer club with 17 seats (seventeen gaming computers and one server).

This experience allowed me to evaluate in practice all the advantages and disadvantages of buying a ready-made business, which I wrote about above.

Method 3. We create a business on the Internet

Business on the Internet is a great opportunity to start your own business without investments, for example, by educating people and selling your knowledge in the form of information goods.

Here are some ways to make money online:

1. Render paid services(freelance). If you know how to design, write texts or program, you can sell your services on the Internet at fl.ru and workzilla.ru - these are the most popular exchanges for freelancers.
2. Set up for remote work. You can also find a permanent employer and work from home, for example, in a call center as an operator or an online store manager.
3. Create your own website (blog) and organize your own information business. If you are computer savvy and a fast learner, then try setting up your online business. To create a successful business on the Internet, you will need to create your own website, attract visitors to it, collect your subscriber base, and then competently monetize it. For example, the HiterBober.ru site, where you are now, brings a good income. By creating such a project, you can not work anywhere else and provide for yourself by doing what you love. You can learn more about how to create such projects from Konstantin Rudnev's course "".
4. Sell ​​goods over the Internet. The easiest way to sell products on the Internet is with the help of electronic bulletin boards. The most popular and effective platform for selling goods today is Avito.ru. You can find out how to earn on Avito.ru from 2000 rubles a day.
5. Open your online store. How to do it right and what you need to know, I already wrote in the article "".

I wrote in more detail about these and other ways of earning money in the article "".

Method 4. Opening a franchise business

If you have a decent amount of money, but do not have enough experience in business, then opening a franchise business is the best option for you.

Usually to buy good franchise, an amount from several hundred thousand to several million rubles is required.

If you are not yet familiar with the concepts of franchising and franchise, I will briefly talk about them:

Franchising is a way of organizing your business under the brand name famous brand using its technologies and brand.

Franchise is the right to use the franchisor's brand and use its business model.

How to start a franchise business

To do this, you find a company that grants the right to franchise on its own behalf. On its terms, you acquire a franchise and work by paying royalties*.

Royalty- the type of license fee paid by the franchisee (franchisee) to the franchisor (franchisor).

The advantages of starting a franchise business are obvious: you do not need to "reinvent the wheel", but only by using famous brand and proven technology, grow your business.

At the same time, you must strictly comply with all the requirements of your franchisor, otherwise, he will have the right to withdraw the franchise from you. This is the disadvantage of opening a franchise business, since you cannot deviate from the rules and engage in “amateur activities”.

Method 5. We develop the skill of direct sales and become a partner of a reliable company

If you want to gain experience in business, I advise you to develop the main business skill - direct sales.

Recently, I became convinced that you can really sell anything.

Let me briefly describe my experiment.

Real life example

A few months ago I took a personal training in sales and negotiation. It lasted 5 days. Finally, the coach gave me the task of selling his business cards.

Can you imagine?! Business cards are distributed for free and who will buy them?

However, despite this, in 2 hours in the park of our city (Stavropol) I sold 7 business cards at 100 rubles apiece and earned 700 rubles. It's practically money out of thin air.

It is curious that the average salary in Russia is slightly more than 20,000 rubles.

Conclusion

Even selling business cards on the street in a provincial town, you can earn an average salary.

By developing direct selling skills, you can build successful business in company network marketing or open a branch of a well-known company in your city.

You can also become a freelance seller in any commercial organization and sell real estate, cars or computers.

After all, every business is interested in getting new customers and its owners will be happy to share with you part of the profit if you bring it.

5. Convenient service for registering a company (IP and LLC) via the Internet

I myself use some of the functions of this accounting department and recommend it to my friends who want to open a company and start their own business.

Service benefits:

1. Availability of free options
2. Full management of all transactions via the Internet
3. Help consultation: lawyers and accountants

The My Business service also has an affiliate program with which you can earn.

6. Conclusion

Dear friend, summing up, I want to tell you honestly that becoming an entrepreneur from scratch and opening your own company is the path that strong and courageous people choose, it is not the easiest if you want to make money.

Most people choose a standard job, stability and clarity; a measured life is important to them. This is not bad and not good, just everyone is different and everyone does as he sees fit.

The path of the entrepreneur is a risky step that can lead you to depression and inner emptiness. It often happens when you don’t succeed and everything falls out of your hands.

This state is familiar to me firsthand, when you can lie for weeks, look at one point and think, how could such a “priest” happen to me ?! At this moment, there is no strength to rise ...

This happens when you miscalculated in your plans, lost a large amount of money and so on.

But, as you know, everything in life is cyclical and every fall is followed by an even greater rise.

Remember that a businessman is a high-flying bird.

Therefore, if you are sure that the business is yours and you are destined to become an entrepreneur, go ahead!

Learn, meet people from the business area in which you plan to start your project and sooner or later you will succeed, I promise!

That's all for me.

P.S. Do not forget to like, ask your questions on the topic in the comments and visit HeatherBober.ru more often

Good luck in business!

A practical guide on how to open a limited liability company (LLC) on your own, step by step.

 

The process of registering a company in the form of a "Limited Liability Company" (LLC), in comparison with registering an individual entrepreneur, requires the collection of more documents, but in general it cannot be called difficult.

1. The first step: study of normative documents.

Before you start registering a company on your own, you need to study regulations governing the operation of the LLC. The main documents are:

• the federal law"On Limited Liability Companies" No. 14-FZ dated 02/08/1998
• Federal Law "On State Registration of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs" No. 129 dated 08.08.2001

1. Second step. Preparation of documentation for the future LLC

Before starting the preparation of constituent documents, it is necessary to determine:

• with the type of activity;
• with the number of founders (an LLC can have no more than 50 participants);
• with the size of the authorized capital;
• with the company name;
• determine the legal address.

The above information must be documented in the following documents:

• Constituent documents (if there is one owner, one memorandum of association; if there is more than one owner, a protocol of the founders is required);
• Society's charter.

1. Third step: submission of documents for registration of the company

To open an LLC, the following package of documents must be submitted to the Tax Inspectorate:

• application for state registration of a legal entity, form No. Р11001 (download).

Important point! The applicant's signature must be notarized. The name of the company in the application must match the name in founding documents.

• decision to establish the Society, (decision sole founder or protocol general meeting founders). The document is submitted in an original copy;
• LLC charter. The document is submitted in two original copies;
• receipt of payment of the state fee for registration of the Company in the amount of 4000 rubles.

An important point: a payment order for paying the state duty can be generated using the IFTS online service, then make a payment in any Bank.

• Application for the application of the simplified taxation system (download).
• Letter of guarantee from the owner legal address. The document is provided in an original copy. By law, this letter is not included in the mandatory list of documents required for registration of the Company, but the Tax Inspectorate has the right to verify the legal address for authenticity and, if the data does not match, refuse to register.
• Document confirming the payment of the share capital. Original payment document or independent appraiser's report.

1. Fourth step: Receiving documents

The tax inspectorate reviews the documents within 5 days, after which documents are issued confirming the registration of the Company (OGRN certificate, extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities, charter with the stamp of the Federal Tax Service), or a refusal to register.

An important point: upon receipt of documents in hand, it is necessary to check the correctness of the data indicated in them (passport data of the founders, name). If there are errors, submit the documents for correction.

1. Fifth step: Obtaining additional documents

After the documents on registration of the Company are received, it is necessary:

• Apply to the statistical authorities to receive an information letter about the statistical codes assigned to the Company.
• Order a seal of the organization.
• Get registered with extrabudgetary funds

Addition: Leave an application for opening a current account with Sberbank.

In practice, the process of preparing all documents for opening a Limited Liability Company takes 3-4 weeks. You can prepare all the documents necessary for registering an LLC on your own or contact a company specializing in registration (the cost of services is about 10-15 tr.).

Currently, a number of online services (www.moedelo.org) have appeared in Runet, offering to prepare the documents necessary for registering an LLC for free. The preparation of documents using these services is fully automated, the user needs to choose from the proposed text options, and the formation of documents occurs automatically, in connection with this, the number of errors in the preparation of constituent documents is significantly reduced.

This article will be devoted to the issue of self-registration of an LLC. It contains detailed instructions and answers many questions (collection of documents, opening an account, and others). Based on the results of its study, you will be able to understand for yourself whether it is worth registering yourself or seeking help from specialists.
This instruction was created so that you can open an LLC (limited liability company) on your own by following the steps indicated.

1. List of documents for opening an LLC

The collection of documents required for opening should be determined by the following questions:

• What will be the focus of the future LLC;
• How many founders will participate in this project;
• The amount of your money;
• The name of your future limited liability company;
• Address of the society, location of the future office.

2. Submission of documents

The next stage is the submission of a package of documents required for registration. If you planned the organization of your future business, then you probably already have an idea about the direction of your activities in the formation of society.

The registration of a limited liability company implies, first of all, the filing of an application for such registration. It has a section in which you must specify OKVED codes in other words, these are the types of activities that your society will be engaged in in the future.

When forming your own list of future activities, it is preferable to choose more codes. Most often, 20 codes are used in practice (it is not recommended to take more). Among them, as a rule, are those types of future activities that you may not be engaged in. This must be done so that later it would not be necessary to additionally register more OKVED codes, because a state fee of 1200 rubles will have to be paid for this procedure. It will also be necessary to amend the Charter.

In the first place in this list should be the type of activity that will be the main one. When specifying the OKED code, use at least 3 digits. This will have an impact on the insurance rate (its size) against various accidents, as well as on the ability to receive benefits from the Pension Fund. Notification of the assignment of OKVED codes can be obtained upon registration with the tax authority, as well as independently. Then you will need to contact the local authority Federal Service state statistics. You can also get codes in specialized legal organizations (approximate cost - 1,500 rubles, delivery time - 1 business day). The code classifier itself includes almost all possible activities.

You will have to submit to the registering authority a decision on the formation of an LLC, the Charter of the company (2 copies). These documents must be originals and not copies. And you will need a receipt for payment of the state fee.

3. Who are the LLC Founders?

In accordance with No. 14-FZ "On LLC", citizens (IMPORTANT: the presence of legal capacity and the age of majority both for citizens of the Russian Federation and for foreign ones) and legal entities (Russian and foreign) can act as founders (participants) of the company. An LLC can also be established by one member. The number of participants should not exceed 50. provided:

• for making contributions to the authorized capital in a timely manner;
• for the activities of the company within the value of contributions;
• for obligations arising from the establishment of an LLC (such as payment of expenses associated with the creation of a company).

There is a more detailed article about, where everything is described in more detail.

Before opening an LLC, what areas will be in demand in the future.

4. Charter of LLC

This document is the founding document for the society. In accordance with the above law, the content of the charter of an LLC is as follows:

• Full, abbreviated name of the company
• Location details
• Information on the amount of the authorized capital
• Composition, competence of bodies
• The rights, obligations of members of the company and other information contained in the Federal Law "On LLC".

5. Round seal. Requirements for printing LLC.

In accordance with the already mentioned law, each LLC must have a round seal. It must contain the FULL company name of the LLC (IMPORTANT: in Russian), as well as an indication of the location of the company. If desired, the seal may indicate the name on foreign language or in the language of the peoples of the Russian Federation. Any Law Firm, which provides LLC registration services, has a standard package of these services, which includes the production of seals. It is also possible to order a print in copy centers. An order for a print costs between 500-700 rubles, and its production time is in the range of 1 to 3 days.

6. Opening a current account for LLC

The legal basis for opening an account is a bank account agreement, which is also referred to as an agreement on settlement and cash services. Before opening an account, read the terms and conditions of several banks. Only after analyzing the information received, make the most suitable bank for you.

To open an account you will need:

• Application (the form is provided by the bank);
• Documents of your organization (charter, minutes of the meeting of founders). They will need to make copies;
• Card containing samples of signatures, seal imprint. It must be notarized;
• Certificate of state registration;
• A copy of the lease agreement to the legal address;
• A document that confirms the authority of persons to manage the account.

When the documents are submitted to the bank, a current account will be opened for your company within a short period of time.

Account opening must be reported within 7 days tax office and the Social Security Fund. If this requirement is not met, then you will be fined - 5000 rubles.

Legal agencies provide services for opening a current account. Their cost is approximately 2500 rubles.

7. Registration of an LLC at the home address of the founder

The Civil Code provides for the possibility of carrying out entrepreneurial activities in residential premises. Thus, registration to the home address of your society is possible. The ideal option is to register at the address of the director, who is also the founder and is registered in the apartment. He doesn't have to be the owner. In this case, the tax office most often accepts documents. If the director is not a founder, then in most cases the tax office also does not find fault with the documents. But it is impossible to give an unambiguous answer whether you will be refused or not. If the director has a residence permit, then the registration will be successful.

If you want to register at the address of a founder who is not a director, then in almost all cases the tax office will refuse you. Of course, there is the possibility of obtaining permission, but it is better not to risk it.

In order to register, you need to submit the following documents:

• Copy of passport (notarized);
• A copy of the certificate confirming the right to property;
• Owner's consent to registration in writing.

If your documents are in order, then you will not have problems with registration.

Registering an LLC at a home address has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of this option include solving the problem of mismatch between the legal address and the actual one. It will also save you money on office rent. And, finally, this will act as a guarantee of your independence, since in this case no one will be able to break into your “office” without a court order.

Now to the disadvantages. If your company is in debt, the bailiffs can describe the property that is in your apartment. Another disadvantage is that your counterparties may have an opinion about the lack of solidity of a company that is registered at a home address. The bank in which you are going to open a current account in the future may also respond.

In general, such registration has both pluses and minuses. To use this option or not is up to you.

8. What to do after registering an LLC?

So, you have received a certificate of registration. But you will need to complete a number of steps before starting your activity.

As a result, it should be noted that, as a rule, the collection of documents for registration takes a significant amount of time. If you do not want to do this yourself, then a large number of law firms provide these services. Such law firms in practice take about 10 thousand rubles for registration. Therefore, depending on the availability of your time and desire, you can hire a specialist or register a limited liability company yourself.

Video about the registration of LLC: