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Law on medical examination at the enterprise. Periodic medical examination, the procedure and terms for passing medical examinations by representatives of various professions

Let us analyze in detail the procedure for conducting a medical examination of employees of enterprises, taking into account the changes that entered into force in 2018.

Read our article:

Medical examinations of employees of enterprises in a new way in 2018

A medical examination (MO) is a comprehensive examination of an employee in order to identify negative changes in his health and determine his suitability for performing work duties. First of all, a medical examination is necessary for personnel who are exposed to harmful and hazardous production factors (HOPF) at their workplaces. The list of such factors and the procedure for passing medical examinations by employees are established by Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated April 12, 2011 No. 302n.

In March 2018, the approved changes came into force. It was expanded (clause 20 of Appendix No. 2): instead of employees of social shelters and nursing homes, employees of organizations should now be sent to the Moscow Region social services providing social services:

in a stationary form of social service;
semi-stationary form of social service;
in the form of social services at home.

The procedure for conducting a medical examination in Appendix No. 3, as well as the requirements for documents confirming its passage, have not changed.

Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation - medical examinations

Mandatory medical preliminary and periodic examinations: organization of

As we mentioned above, the procedure for conducting MO is determined by Appendix 3 to the Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development No. 302n.

A preliminary medical examination is carried out when applying for a job. It allows:

assess the employee's ability to perform professional functions without harm to health;
timely identify the initial and prevent their development.

The algorithm is the following:

1. The employer issues to the applicant for work with an indication of the position, profession or type of work, as well as with a list of those present at the workplace of the VPPF.

2. A person applying for a job submits the following documents to the medical organization:

direction;
passport (or other document of the established form, proving the identity);
solution medical commission(in cases stipulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation).

3. The preliminary inspection is considered passed when:

the applicant for work was examined by all medical specialists;
All laboratory and functional studies have been completed.

4. After passing the MO medical organization, which must be signed by the chairman of the medical board indicating his last name and initials. The document is certified by the seal of the medical organization, which prepares the conclusion in two copies. The first is attached to the outpatient card, the second is issued to a person who has undergone a medical examination.

What is the purpose of mandatory periodic medical examinations?

Download and use in your work, with which you can quickly determine which of the employees to send this year for a periodic medical examination, generate a list of contingents, a list of names and referrals for a medical examination.

Who Should Have a Periodic Medical Examination

The following employees should undergo periodic preventive medical examination.

Exposed to harmful or hazardous production factors, in the presence of which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations are carried out.
Performing the work specified in the list, during the performance of which mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations of employees are carried out.
. If persons under the age of 21 are involved in these works, they undergo medical examinations annually (Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
Involved in underground work. Such workers undergo periodic medical examinations annually (clause 12 of Appendix 2 to Order No. 302n).
Employed in organizations of the food industry, Catering and trade, water supply facilities, medical organizations and children's institutions (Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). The frequency of medical examinations for specific professions is given in Appendix No. 2 to Order No. 302n.
Athletes. They undergo medical examinations annually (Article 348.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).
Persons under 18 years of age. Pass medical examinations annually (Article 266 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

The List indicates the jobs and professions, in the performance of which employees must undergo mandatory preliminary and periodic medical examinations, regardless of the established at these workplaces and the presence of HSPF.

Name of works and professions	Frequency of inspections
	1 time per year
10. Run directly on mechanical equipment having open moving (rotating) structural elements (turning, milling and other machines, stamping presses, etc.)	1 time in 2 years
11. Under water, performed by workers in a gaseous environment under normal pressure conditions	1 time in 2 years
12. Underground	1 time per year
13. Performed with the use of insulating and filtering gas masks with a full face	1 time in 2 years
14. In food industry organizations, dairy and distribution points, bases and warehouses food products where there is contact with food products in the process of their production, storage, sale, including work on sanitization and repair of inventory, equipment, as well as work where there is contact with food products during their transportation by all modes of transport	1 time per year
15. In public catering organizations, trade, buffets, catering units, including transport	1 time per year
16. Performed by students of educational organizations of general and vocational education before and during the internship in organizations whose employees are subject to medical examinations	1 time per year
17. medical personnel medical institutions, as well as maternity hospitals (departments), children's hospitals (departments), children's clinics, departments of pathology of newborns, premature	1 time per year
18. In educational organizations of all types and kinds, as well as children's organizations that do not carry out educational activities(sports sections, creative, leisure children's organizations, etc.)	1 time per year
19. In seasonal recreational organizations for children and teenagers	1 time per year
20. In preschool educational organizations, orphanages, organizations for orphans and children left without parental care (persons replacing them), educational institutions of boarding type, health educational organizations, including sanatorium type, children's sanatoriums, year-round holiday camps as well as social shelters and nursing homes	1 time per year
21. In consumer service organizations (attendants, employees of showers, hairdressers)	1 time per year
22. In swimming pools, as well as balnearies	1 time per year
23. In hotels, hostels, passenger cars(conductors), as a stewardess	1 time per year
24. In organizations of the medical industry and the pharmacy network associated with the manufacture, packaging and sale medicines	1 time per year
25. At waterworks related to water treatment and maintenance of water supply networks	1 time per year
26. Associated with the processing of milk and the manufacture of dairy products	1 time per year
27. On driving land vehicles	1 time in 2 years

*If persons under the age of 21 are involved in the listed works, they undergo medical examinations annually (Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Medical examinations should be carried out already at the workplace of harmful or dangerous production factors specified in the list, while their level does not matter.

The following factors are excluded:

3.5. - ;
3.8., 3.9. - air temperature;
3.12. - light environment;
4.1. - physical overload;
4.4.1., 4.4.2., 4.4.3. - sensory loads.

For these factors, medical examinations are carried out only if, according to the results of the SOUT, working conditions are classified as harmful or dangerous.

When hiring, for example, accountants, programmers, management personnel and other office employees who spend more than 50 percent of their working time, the employer is obliged to send them for a medical examination (clause 3.2.2.4 of the List of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors, approved by Order No. 302n). The frequency of MO is once every two years.

Passing a periodic medical examination

The procedure for conducting periodic MOs is regulated by Order No. 302n. The algorithm is the following:

1. Employer, subject to periodic medical examinations, which indicates:

the name of the profession or position of the employee according to staffing;
the name of the harmful production factor.

Then this document is sent within 10 days to the territorial body of Rospotrebnadzor at the actual location of the employer (clause 21 of the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated April 12, 2011 No. 302n).

2. Based on the approved list of the contingent, indicating the VOPF, as well as the type of work.

The approved lists are sent to the medical organization. This must be done no later than two months before the start date of the examination agreed with the medical institution. The medical organization within 10 days from the date of receipt of the list of names is calendar plan conducting periodic medical examinations.

3. The employer acquaints employees with the MO calendar plan. This must be done no later than ten days before the start of the event.

4. The employer gives employees referrals for medical examinations. They indicate:

the name of the employer;
form of ownership and type economic activity according to OKVED;
the name of the medical organization, the actual address of its location and the OGRN code;
view medical examination- periodic;
surname, name, patronymic, date of the employee;
Name structural unit;
the name of the position, profession or type of work;
WOPF.

The direction is signed by an authorized representative of the employer indicating his position, surname and initials. All directions are issued against a signature, their records are kept.

5. On the day of the medical examination, the employee submits to the medical organization:

direction;
passport or other document of the established form proving the identity;
health passport (if any);
the decision of the medical commission that conducted the mandatory psychiatric examination (in cases provided for by the legislation of Russia).

Periodic MO is considered passed if all medical specialists are examined, all laboratory and functional studies are performed.

Who pays for periodic health checks

The employer is obliged to conduct periodic medical examinations at his own expense and conclude an agreement with a medical organization licensed to conduct preliminary medical examinations. A permanent medical commission is formed in the medical organization. It is headed by an occupational pathologist. Responsibility for the quality of the MO is carried out medical organization.

An example of a contract for a medical examination

How are the results of the periodic medical examination of employees of the organization

After passing the medical examination, the medical organization draws up a conclusion. It indicates:

date of issue;
surname, name, patronymic, date of birth, gender of the employee;
the name of the employer;
name of the structural unit, position, profession or type of work;
name of the VOPF;
MO result (medical contraindications identified, not identified).

The conclusion is signed by the chairman of the medical board. The document is certified by the seal of the medical organization, which prepares the conclusion in two copies. The first is attached to the outpatient card, the second is issued to a person who has undergone a medical examination. Data on the passage of MO is entered into.

The medical organization, within 30 days after the completion of periodic medical examinations, summarizes their results. Then, together with the territorial bodies of Rospotrebnadzor and representatives of the employer, it draws up four copies, which are sent within five working days from the date of approval:

employer
to the center of occupational pathology of the subject of the Russian Federation;
to the territorial body of Rospotrebnadzor.

One copy of the final act is kept in the medical organization for 50 years.

Extraordinary medical examination

Extraordinary medical examinations are carried out on the basis of medical recommendations specified in the final act of the medical examination.

at work with harmful or dangerous working conditions, including underground;
at work related to traffic;
athletes ();
working in organizations of the food industry, public catering and trade, water supply facilities, medical organizations and children's institutions, etc.

The employer has the right to send an employee to an extraordinary MO in the following cases:

at the request of the employees themselves (Article 219 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
in accordance with the recommendations of specialists who participated in the preliminary or periodic examinations, as well as according to epidemiological indications;
in accordance with ;
according to the conclusion of the territorial bodies of Rospotrebnadzor with mandatory justification in the direction of the reasons;
when a case of a nosocomial infection is detected, by decision of specialists from the bodies and institutions of Rospotrebnadzor.

In the absence of the above grounds, the employer is not entitled to send the employee for an extraordinary medical examination without his consent.

Attention

The employee is obliged to immediately notify his immediate or superior manager about the deterioration of his health, including the manifestation of signs of an acute occupational disease (Article 214 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). The employer, if there are obvious signs indicating a decrease in the employee's ability to work, may send him for an extraordinary medical examination.

Responsibility for failure to pass a medical examination in the organization

The employer is responsible not only for the timely organization at the expense of own funds Ministry of Defense of workers, but also for the admission to work of persons who have not passed a preliminary or periodic examination, or who are not allowed to work for medical reasons. If the inspectors of regulatory authorities establish such a fact, the employer may incur administrative liability.

According to part 3 of Art. 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, the fine will be as follows:

For officials- from 15,000 to 25,000 rubles;
for persons carrying out entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity - from 15,000 to 25,000 rubles;
For legal entities- from 110,000 to 130,000 rubles.

The amount of the fine is calculated based on the number of employees who have not passed the mandatory MO. If due to lack of medical examination the health of the employee will be seriously harmed or his death will occur, officials will suffer (Article 143 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation).

It is the responsibility of some employers to provide and organize periodic medical examinations of employees. Which employees should undergo periodic medical examinations and for what purposes? What regulatory documents say how to properly conduct a periodic medical examination of employees of an enterprise? You will find answers to these questions in the article.

The legislative framework

The obligation of the head of the enterprise to organize the conduct of mandatory medical examinations (examinations, medical examinations, or professional examinations, as we often call this event) is provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, in particular, Art. 212. At the same time, medical examinations can be both preliminary, i.e. when hiring, and periodically.

The goals of mandatory medical examinations are set in Art. 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, according to which:

workers whose work involves hazardous or harmful conditions labor, undergo mandatory preliminary and periodic professional examinations in order for the employer to find out whether they can perform labor obligations, as well as to prevent occupational diseases;
employees of public catering, trade, children's and medical institutions, and other similar organizations are required to undergo medical examinations in order to protect public health.

Main normative documents, along with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, regulating medical examinations, are:

Federal Law No. 323-FZ dated November 21, 2011;
Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated April 12, 2011 No. 302n.

The Order approved two Lists. If the type of work or harmful factors indicated in these lists are directly related to the activities of your enterprise, then the question of the need for mandatory medical examinations of employees may be relevant. This Order also establishes the frequency and procedure for conducting periodic medical examinations of employees.

It should be borne in mind that medical examinations of employees specified in Order No. 302n are paid from the employer's own funds in accordance with Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the legislation does not regulate how and under what contracts the employer must pay them. Therefore, payment can be organized by the employer also at the expense of funds under a voluntary medical insurance agreement concluded in favor of employees. For the duration of the mandatory medical examination, the employee retains the average salary in accordance with Article 185 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Algorithm for organizing and conducting a medical examination

So, if your organization is required to organize a periodic inspection of employees of the enterprise, you need to:

Compile and approve a list of persons subject to periodic medical examinations.
Conclude an agreement with a medical institution for mandatory periodic medical examinations and develop a calendar plan for periodic medical examinations. Such a plan must be agreed with the medical institution, the head of which must approve it.
Draw up an order for referral to medical examination with an indication of the period of its passage. At the same time, if before the end of the established period the employee did not report on the medical examination, then he, by virtue of Art. 76 Labor Code of the Russian Federation Suspended from work pending inspection. If the reason for not passing the inspection was disrespectful, for such an employee for the period of his suspension wage is not saved. unified form there is no such order, we suggest you use the sample (download it at the end of the article).
Give each employee a referral for inspection. A referral template is also available for download.
Obtain the result of a medical examination from each employee within the time period specified in the Order.

sample order

Referral pattern

How are the results of the periodic inspection of employees of the organization formalized?

The result of passing a medical examination is the receipt by an employee of a medical report with the result of the examination, including general conclusion on suitability or unsuitability for the performance of professional duties.

Such a conclusion is issued in two copies: it is issued to the person who has passed the inspection against signature for the purpose of transferring to the head, the second copy remains in the medical card.

If, for medical reasons, an employee needs to be transferred to another job, the employer is obliged to provide such a transfer in accordance with Art. 73 Labor Code of the Russian Federation. At the same time, if as a result of such a transfer new position will be lower paid, the employee will keep his previous earnings for one month or longer in accordance with Art. 182 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

The document summarizing the results of the medical examination is the final act. The act is accompanied by a list of names of employees who are recommended to be transferred to another job, shown inpatient treatment, diet, etc.

So, the organization of mandatory medical examination requires compliance with established procedures, including paperwork. This will allow the management to avoid the claims of regulatory authorities. Despite the fact that this task, it would seem, covers only a limited circle of people, all managers need to responsibly approach the issue mandatory examinations their employees. So, for example, in accordance with paragraph 3.2.2.4 of Appendix 1 to Order No. 302n, the majority of the working population, busy with work on computers at least 50% of the working time, must undergo mandatory examinations once every 2 years.

Carrying out an annual medical examination of employees is a requirement of the law, and if it is not met, this may lead to adverse situations for the employer. How to organize a medical examination and comply with the requirements of the law? This article will describe all the nuances of organizing and passing this event.

An examination of an employee by medical specialists is necessary:

Before employment. The fact is that the employer must be sure that, for health reasons, the employee corresponds to the position held and can perform the work entrusted to him. It turns out that the conclusion that a citizen has undergone a medical examination for the first time indicates that he is healthy.
During the period of work at the enterprise. The employee is busy performing a particular activity and at the same time comes into contact with or dangerous production factors, that is, it can get a deterioration in health. In this regard, a periodical examination is organized in order to monitor the dynamics of his health.

What is the need for an annual medical examination

Medical examinations are organized on the basis of the requirements of the order of the Ministry of Health issued in 2012. And the main provisions on the conduct of a medical examination are contained in labor law, 212 article of the Labor Code.

In general, it turns out that the employer is obliged to organize a medical examination at the enterprise.

In each organizational structure the event must be organized annually, but it is not a fact that the employee must undergo a medical examination every year.

Should focus on normative act- an order of the Ministry of Health, which states how often for a particular profession or when working with harmful factors it is necessary to undergo a medical examination. For example, when working at height, it is necessary to undergo inspections once a year, and when working with a PC, once every two years.

Fundamentals of organizing a professional examination

Examination of employees by medical specialists is an event that requires not only the efforts of the employer, but also costs Money. According to legislative framework payment for such services is carried out by the enterprise and there should be no talk of payment by employees. Even if a specialist sends for an additional examination, it should be free of charge for the employee.

Some workers turn to private clinics to have their tests positive, although this is extremely wrong. This moment is recommended to be clearly monitored by the responsible person. And also the employees themselves need to inform the management that they are being sent for paid additional examinations so that the latter can stop these illegal actions in a timely manner.

Watch the following video about periodic medical examinations:

How to organize the passage of workers? This question arises before many leaders. The recommended sequence for organizing the passage can be set in the following order:

develop an appropriate Regulation or standard of the enterprise on passing a medical examination;
enter into contracts with medical institutions who have the right to conduct this event;
annually issue orders for the passage of professional examinations;
supervise the conduct of the event by responsible persons;
on the basis of acts from medical institutions, issue administrative documents on the implementation of the recommendations of specialists.

Now let's take a closer look at each item.

In order to organize the passage of a medical examination in the organizational structure, it is necessary to be guided by a single document. To do this, it is proposed to develop and approve the Regulations by order.

Information contained in the document:

Main sections	Description
General provisions	In this paragraph, it is recommended to reflect the purpose of developing the provision and indicate the list of normative and legislative acts on the basis of which it is being developed. The goal is to ensure the requirements of the legislation, and the documents are the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and the order of the Ministry of Health.
Basic provisions	They should fix the procedure for organizing and passing a medical examination, namely: who concludes contracts with medical institutions, how the examination is organized, for example, specialists come directly to the organization or employees are sent to the clinic. How additional examinations are carried out, including at whose expense these activities are carried out.
Responsibility	If the medical examination is not passed or not properly organized, what consequences follow from this and how the person responsible is punished.

The draft documents are prepared by the service, coordinated with the primary trade union organization and the legal department. All employees without exception are familiarized with the situation.

How to submit lists of employees for a medical examination

It is important to timely submit lists of all employees for a medical examination. It is recommended to do this in the following order:

Prepare a list of all employees in the department so as not to miss anyone. It can be requested from the Human Resources Department.
When compiling the lists, be guided by the cards of the special assessment of working conditions, namely, in these documents there is a clause on passing a medical examination. If there are none, then you can use the applications from. It details the list of harmful factors and hazardous work for which it is necessary to undergo a medical examination. At the same time, everyone should take into account what harmful factors are present in the workplace, and their excess indicates that the employee must be included in the list for passing the commission.
It is also recommended to include data from the employee’s passport, the number of the pension and medical certificate, and the employee’s place of residence by registration in the list for a medical examination.
The lists must be approved by the responsible engineer for labor protection and transferred to the organization conducting medical examinations.
Before the direct organization of the medical board, the lists are specified, since rotation of employees is possible.

Preparation of medical records

Many workers wonder why they are being examined by different specialists and given different tests if they work in the same shop. This is all understandable and described in the order of the Ministry of Health. The fact is that for every profession and harmful factor approved its list of specialists, analyzes and instrumental examinations.

In this case, there are some nuances:

the passage of fluorography is required for all employees without exception;
women need to be examined by a gynecologist.

Without these analyzes and studies, the occupational pathologist will not deliver. On the description of the regulatory documentation, specialists draw up a medical card for each employee separately, where they prescribe different doctors for a medical examination.

The first stage of organizing a medical examination

The organization of the medical examination of the employees of the enterprise should be taken care of in advance:

Develop a schedule for the medical examination and fluorographic examination.
Determine who will conclude contracts with medical institutions.
Prepare an administrative document on the organization of the event in individual divisions.

Medical examinations of employees must be scheduled

The document is signed by interested parties and approved by the head of the facility.

The event order must include the following information:

within 10 days before the start of the medical examination, it is necessary to familiarize the employees of the enterprise with the need to pass a medical examination under the signature;
appoint persons responsible for passing a medical examination and issuing referrals to employees.
determine the timing of the examination;
the administrative document may also reflect other points related to the medical examination of employees: for example, the delivery of specialists to the venue of the event, if there is a first-aid post on the territory and there are all conditions for passing.

Third stage

Now the medical examination has been passed, but not completed, the next step will be processing the results. This is done by specialists.

If there are doubts about the health of the employee, additional examinations are carried out.

The results of the examination of doctors, analyzes and instrumental studies are summarized and on the basis of this a conclusion is made, for example:

If, based on the results, the employee does not have, then, accordingly, the occupational pathologist provides admission to work.
If there are doubts about the state of health of the employee, then additional examinations are scheduled.
All information is transferred to the person responsible for the medical examination.
For additional examinations, the delivery of workers to the clinic is organized. Employees are assigned instrumental examinations, including ultrasound, blood and urine tests, ECHO-kg, holter and others.
If, according to the results of additional examinations, the results of the state of health are normal, then the occupational pathologist writes a conclusion on the admission to work of the employee. If, on the contrary, the employee's health readings do not correspond to normal values, then the employee is suspended from work or an occupational disease is recorded, which will adversely affect the enterprise as a whole.

How to control the conduct, responsibility

To ensure that the results of the medical examination are not negative and that as few people as possible have to be taken away from work and sent for additional examinations, the employer is recommended to provide for the following:

appoint a person responsible for passing the medical examination and at the same time select a responsible employee who would report on each step of the event;
during the period of inspection, the person in charge must contact all employees and specialists in order to promptly resolve the existing problem situations and, if possible, eliminate these problems.

It is worth noting that problems can also arise during a medical examination, namely, an occupational disease is recorded, which, as noted earlier, can bring trouble to the activities of the entire enterprise as a whole. In connection with this circumstance, it is recommended to constantly communicate with specialists during the medical examination, perhaps it will be possible to avoid unnecessary problems.

If the inspection is not completed on time, the employer may have problems. Initially, the person responsible for organizing the event should report to the management about the failure to pass the medical examination.

If no action is taken, the consequences may be different, for example:

punishment by the state labor inspector;
when investigating the consequences, the employer and immediate supervisor will be punished.

Punishment can be administrative as well as criminal. So it is recommended to organize the event correctly and follow all the recommendations of specialists, and if an occupational disease is detected, the investigation should be carried out in a timely and high-quality manner, and it is possible that the employee himself is to blame for the disease.

Find out about guarantees for employees sent for medical examination in this video:

Question form, write your

The obligation of the employer to organize a preliminary and periodic medical examination of employees of the enterprise is established by article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and by order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development dated April 12, 2011 No. 302n. The examination is carried out at the expense of the employer, and the employee retains his average monthly salary. Periodic medical examinations are carried out for:

identifying illnesses that may render an employee unfit for work;
tracking the dynamics of changes in health status;
timely detection of occupational diseases.

Where to take a medical examination

The choice of medical institution is not limited by anything. An employer can conclude an agreement with both a public and a private clinic. The only condition is that the organization must have the right to conduct preliminary and periodic inspections, as well as to expertise professional suitability(Appendix to the regulation on licensing medical activities, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 22, 2007 No. 30).

The procedure for conducting periodic medical examinations of employees

We will analyze step by step how the results of the periodic medical examination of the employees of the organization are carried out and how they are drawn up.

Drawing up a list of the contingent of employees. It must be sent within 10 days by registered mail with notification to the territorial body of Rospotrebnadzor.
Drawing up lists of names (based on the list of contingents). They must be approved 2 months before the date of the examination and sent to the medical facility.
The medical organization, within 10 days after receiving the list of names, draws up a calendar plan for conducting a periodic medical examination. It must be agreed with the employer.
Conclusion of an appropriate agreement with a medical institution indicating the agreed schedule and timing of the examination.
Registration of the Order on the conduct of a medical examination and familiarization of the team with it under the signature. It should have the following information:
- Name of the organization;
- date and order number;
- reference to legal acts;
- medical organization that will conduct a medical examination;
- examination schedule;
- the person responsible for the examination;
- list of employees subject to medical examination.
Issuing referrals to employees for medical examinations. It needs to indicate working conditions, which will help the medical board to choose criteria for assessing the state of health and decide on the continuation of work.
After the inspection and the receipt of the results of the analyzes, a conclusion is drawn up for each employee. It is signed in two copies - one for the employee, and the other remains in the institution that conducted the medical examination.
Within 30 days after the completion of the medical examination, the medical center, representatives of the employer and the sanitary and epidemiological service draw up the final act. After approval by the chairman of the medical commission, the act is printed in four copies: for a medical institution, an employer, a territorial body of Rospotrebnadzor and an occupational pathology center for research purposes and statistics.
The results of preliminary and periodic medical examinations are recorded in the employee's personal medical book.

Who should have a medical examination

Article 213 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and the Order contain detailed information about which categories of workers must undergo periodic inspection without fail. But the legislator does not prohibit sending representatives of other professions for examination if an agreement is reached between the management and the team.

Regular medical examinations of persons under the age of 21, as well as people who work:

in harmful and dangerous production;
at work at height;
in transport (drivers, machinists, etc.);
in the field of catering;
in educational and children's institutions;
in pharmaceutical, medical and sanitary facilities (spas, saunas and laundries);
in beauty salons that provide hairdressing and cosmetology services;
in the cleaning service;
in the field of water supply;
at livestock enterprises and poultry farms.

These categories of employees must be examined at least once every 1-2 years, while the frequency depends on working conditions and the working environment and is detailed in Appendix No. 1 to the Order.

Responsibility

Employees who have not passed the examination within the specified time may be:

suspended from work from the working day following the last day of passing a medical examination for a division of the organization (paragraph 12, part 2, article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
brought to disciplinary responsibility in accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and the Rules of Internal work schedule organizations.

During the period of suspension from work, the employee’s salary will not be accrued (Article 76 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Article 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation establishes that admission to work without passing a mandatory periodic medical examination entails a fine:

for legal entities: from 110,000 to 130,000 rubles;
for officials: from 15,000 to 25,000 rubles.

All workers who by their kind professional activity are required to have a personal medical book, periodically must undergo medical examinations. The timing of medical examinations for employees different enterprises and institutions differ.

REGULATORY BASIS FOR PASSING MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS

The volume and frequency of medical examinations is regulated by the order of the Ministry of Health of the USSR dated September 29, 1989 No. 555 “On improving the system of medical examinations of workers and drivers of individual Vehicle”(As amended on 03/14/1996), and for residents of Moscow also by the Decree of the Government of Moscow dated 12/28/1999 No. 1228 “On mandatory preventive medical examinations and hygienic certification”. The procedure for conducting preliminary and periodic medical examinations of employees is determined by the order of the Ministry of Health and Medical Industry of the Russian Federation of March 14, 1996 No. 90 (as amended on February 6, 2001).

Employees can undergo a medical examination in any medical institution (hereinafter referred to as HCI) that has the appropriate license (professional suitability examination, preliminary and periodic inspections) and relevant specialists.

The results of preventive medical examinations are entered into the personal medical book (hereinafter referred to as the medical book) on the appropriate page using a standard stamp and are certified by the seal of the health facility. The stamp must contain the name of the health facility, type, date, number and result of the study, which are certified by the signature of the person responsible for its conduct. The stamp and seal must be legible. The results of examinations entered into the medical record by hand (without using a standard stamp) are not counted.

EMPLOYEES OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY, CATERING ENTERPRISES, FOOD TRADE

When applying for a job

for this category of workers include: examination by a therapist and fluorographic examination of the chest organs, examination of feces for helminthiases and protozooses, scraping for enterobiosis - 1 time per year; examination by a dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases - 2 times a year.

Employees involved in the production, storage, transportation and sale of cream and confectionery products, upon admission to work, in addition to the above, undergo an examination by a dentist, an otolaryngologist and a study for the carriage of staphylococcus aureus (a swab from the nasopharynx), in the future - an examination by a dentist, an otolaryngologist 2 times a year.

Bacteriological examination for carriage of pathogens of intestinal infections, a blood test for typhoid fever, a smear examination for carriage of staphylococcus aureus in the future are carried out only according to epidemiological indications.

Note.Financing of measures for the passage of preliminary, periodic medical examinations, hygienic training and certification of workers, and, consequently, payment for the registration of a medical book, Art. 213 Labor Code Russian Federation assigned to the employer. Therefore, even if a potential employee, having received a medical book paid for by the employer, does not subsequently conclude an employment contract with this organization, it is impossible to force him to work off the expenses incurred by the employer. The Labor Code does not provide for the possibility of recovering from a potential employee losses caused by the failure to conclude an employment contract.

RA WORKERS OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

When applying for a job the volume of preventive medical examinations is: examination by a therapist and dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases, fluorographic examination of the chest, examination for the carriage of pathogens of intestinal infections, serological examination for typhoid fever, examination of feces for helminthiases and protozooses , scraping for enterobiasis.

Periodic medical checkups for this category of workers include: examination by a therapist and fluorographic examination of the chest organs, examination of feces for helminthiases and protozooses, scraping for enterobiosis - 1 time per year; examination by a dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases - 4 times a year.

EMPLOYEES OF GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS, INSTITUTIONS OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

When applying for a job

Periodic medical checkups

DO EMPLOYEES NEED TO BE VACCINED?

All workers from among the decreed contingents must be vaccinated against diphtheria (vaccination is carried out once every 10 years). In addition, workers under the age of 35 who have not been ill, unvaccinated or vaccinated once must be vaccinated against measles.

Information about vaccinations is entered on the appropriate page of the medical book using a standard stamp containing the name of the health facility, the name and series of the vaccine, and the date of vaccination. The stamp is certified by the signature responsible person and the seal of LPU.

If there are temporary or permanent contraindications to vaccination, a record of this is made by the general practitioner in the medical book.

If an employee has been vaccinated against these diseases or has suffered them, but does not have documentary evidence of this, he should donate blood to test for immunity to these infections. Based on the results of such an examination, the therapist makes a conclusion about the need for vaccination.

WORKERS OF PHARMACY INSTITUTIONS

When applying for a job the volume of preventive medical examinations is: an examination by a therapist and a dermatovenereologist, a blood test for syphilis, a bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases, a fluorographic examination of the chest organs.

Periodic medical checkups include: examination by a therapist and dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases, fluorographic examination of the chest organs - 1 time per year.

UTILITIES WORKERS (EXCEPT SWIMMING POOLS)

Periodic medical checkups include: examination by a therapist and fluorographic examination of the chest organs - 1 time per year; examination by a dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases - 2 times a year.

POOL MANAGERS

Periodic medical checkups include: examination by a therapist and fluorographic examination of the chest, examination of feces for helminthiases and protozoosis, scraping for enterobiosis - 1 time per year; examination by a dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases - 2 times a year.

note. Employees who carry out certain types activities, including those associated with sources of increased danger (with the influence of harmful substances and adverse production factors), as well as those working in conditions of increased danger, undergo a mandatory psychiatric examination at least once every five years in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

EMPLOYEES OF ORGANIZATIONS OF NON-FOOD (INDUSTRIAL) TRADE, PASSENGER TRANSPORT

When applying for a job the volume of preventive medical examinations is: examination by a therapist, examination by a dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases, fluorographic examination of the chest organs.

Periodic medical checkups for these workers include: examination by a therapist and dermatovenereologist, blood test for syphilis, bacterioscopic examination for sexually transmitted diseases, fluorographic examination of the chest organs - 1 time per year.

SCHEME OF THE ORGANIZATION OF MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS

Conclude an agreement with a medical institution.
Issue an order on the organization of the order and frequency of medical examinations.
Compile lists of names of persons to be sent for medical examinations.
Give staff referrals to a medical facility.
Obtain a conclusion from the employee, signed by a doctor and certified by the seal of a medical institution, with the result of a medical examination.

The employer must draw up a list of names of persons who are required to undergo a medical examination, as well as send the employee for a medical examination in a timely manner. Usually, the lists of employees are compiled jointly by an employee of the personnel department and a specialist in the labor protection service. And in the future, they control the timely passage of medical examinations.

Employees who have undergone a preliminary or periodic medical examination and are deemed fit to work with harmful, hazardous substances and production factors are issued an appropriate conclusion signed by the attending physician and affixed with the seal of the healthcare facility.

If an employee has health problems and the medical commission has issued an appropriate conclusion, the employer, in accordance with Art. 73 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is obliged to transfer the employee to another job available in the organization that is not contraindicated for him for health reasons. If the employee does not agree to the transfer or the organization does not have a corresponding job, employment contract terminated under paragraph 8 of Art. 77 of the above code.

LETUCHIKH E. V., Head of the Department of Hygienic Training, FGUZ "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in Moscow", Ph.D.