Service etiquette in the internal affairs bodies (OVD). The concept, essence and specifics of the professional ethics of police officers Service ethics of a police officer

In democratic societies based on the principles of the rule of law, the police (militia) perform traditional functions: prevention, detection of crime and combating it, maintaining public peace, enforcing the law and public order and protecting the fundamental rights of citizens, providing assistance and services to the population.

As you know, one of the main differences between morality and other forms public consciousness is that. That its norms are not strictly binding, provide the right to a wide choice and are sanctioned solely by the force of influence public opinion. But if this provision is estimated to apply to all citizens equally, then in relation to the requirements that apply to police officers, these conditions turn out to be ethical norms and acquire a strictly binding character and are provided with administrative sanctions. An example of this nature is the “Code of Honor for the rank and file and commanding staff of the internal affairs bodies of Russia”, which was approved by order of the Minister of Internal Affairs in 1993. Violation of this Code of Honor for an employee can have negative consequences - up to and including dismissal from the bodies on the basis of Art. 58 of the "Regulations on Service in the Internal Affairs Bodies": for committing misconduct that is incompatible with the requirements for the personal, moral qualities of an employee of the internal affairs bodies, employees may be dismissed from service.

Among such deontological norms (deontological norms are specifically imperative in nature, fixed in official documents and provided with administrative (legal sanctions). Unlike the norms of ordinary ethics, they do not give the right to choose, they are imperative, insistent and obligatory), include the requirements of disciplinary charters and regulations that determine the forms of behavior and communication of law enforcement officials. In a generalized form, moral obligations and ethical requirements for an employee of the internal affairs bodies are as follows:

Treating people as the highest value respect for rights, freedoms, interests and human dignity in accordance with international and Russian legal norms and universal principles of morality.

Deep understanding social significance its role and high professionalism, their responsibility to society and the state as an internal affairs officer, on which public safety, protection of life, health, legal protection of the population and citizens depend.

Reasonable and humane use rights granted by law to an internal affairs officer in strict accordance with the principles social justice, civic, official and moral duty.

Integrity, courage, uncompromisingness, dedication in the fight against crime, objectivity and impartiality in decision-making.

Impeccability of personal behavior in the service and at home, honesty, incorruptibility, concern for professional honor - "honor - in the service", the public reputation of an internal affairs officer.

Avoid abuse official position, the facts of corruption, to prevent such phenomena in every possible way.

Selflessness and steadily by all legal measures to protect the innocent from iniquity and deceit, weak from intimidation, peaceful from violence and disorder, in extreme conditions not to leave defenseless women, the elderly and children, the sick and the disabled, not to allow connivance with evil and lawlessness.

Conscious discipline diligence, diligence and initiative, professional solidarity, mutual assistance, support, courage and moral and psychological readiness for action in non-standard, extreme conditions.

Continuous improvement professional excellence, knowledge in the field of service ethics, etiquette and tact, improving the general culture, expanding intelligence, creative (creative) development of domestic and foreign experience necessary in the service.

The listed requirements give a fairly complete and deep idea of ​​the moral qualities that not only an employee of the internal affairs bodies should possess, but also all law enforcement officers who are capable of showing humanity, tolerance, justice, a sense of duty, courage, courage, endurance, disinterestedness, honesty, patriotism, impartiality, modesty, professionalism in their activities.

The police in the Russian Federation is a system of state executive bodies designed to protect the life, health, rights and freedoms of people, property, the interests of society and the country from criminal and other unlawful encroachments and endowed with the right to use coercive measures. The police enters the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

The service in the internal affairs bodies and the activities of the police are built in accordance with the principles of legality, humanism, respect and observance of human and civil rights, transparency, accountability and accountability of employees of the internal affairs bodies to the relevant state authorities and administration, observance of service discipline, fair remuneration for work, promotion based on the results of work, taking into account the ability and qualifications.

The police, which is part of the system of internal affairs bodies, solves the tasks facing it in cooperation with other state bodies, public associations, labor collectives and citizens. Its tasks are:

Ensuring the personal safety of people; - prevention and suppression of atrocities, administrative offenses; - disclosure of crimes; - protection of public order and ensuring public safety; - providing assistance, within the limits established by the Law on the Police of the Russian Federation, to citizens, officials, enterprises, institutions, organizations and public associations in the exercise of their legitimate rights and interests. Other tasks for the police may be assigned only by law.

Employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation are citizens of the Russian Federation who hold the position of ordinary and commanding staff of internal affairs bodies or personnel of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, who, in accordance with the established Regulations on Service in the Internal Affairs Bodies of the Russian Federation, are assigned special ranks of ordinary and commanding staff of internal affairs bodies.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Hosted at http://www.allbest.ru/

Introduction

1. The concept and history of etiquette

Conclusion

Introduction

Any profession imposes certain moral requirements on the people who have chosen it. Society has always made the highest demands on employees of internal affairs bodies.

Modern Russian society needs a solid spiritual support for reforms in the political, economic and legal spheres. Under these conditions, the importance of moral and ethical principles and norms, which have remained unchanged for many centuries, increases. Among the moral qualities of a person, kindness and decency, honesty and conscientiousness, reliability, sense of duty, honor and dignity have always been considered the most significant.

For employees of the internal affairs bodies, these concepts are not just high words, but the essence of the professional Code of Honor, enshrined in regulatory documents, service traditions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, international standards police behavior. In the daily activities of a police officer, an important place belongs to the culture of behavior in the service and at home, the ability to behave in accordance with the norms of etiquette, good manners, that is, adequately to the situation. Each person, especially a police officer, is evaluated not only by professional qualities, but also in appearance, manner of holding, speaking, listening to the interlocutor.

It should not be forgotten that the authority of the law largely depends on the authority of law enforcement officers, people who embody the law, on their professional skills and moral qualities, knowledge of professional etiquette and the ability to show tact and correctness, respectful attitude towards citizens. Putting on the uniform of an employee of the internal affairs bodies, a person becomes a kind of symbol of the Law and the State, therefore his purely personal ideas about good and evil, nobility and meanness, loyalty and betrayal turn almost into a matter of national importance.

In modern society, the image of an employee of the internal affairs bodies is contradictory. It has its historical roots and socio-psychological background.

Currently, there is a need to change the prevailing pattern of perception of an employee of the internal affairs bodies of Russia, to create agreement and mutual understanding between society and an internal affairs officer. The knowledge and observance of professional etiquette by the employee of the internal affairs bodies will largely contribute to the implementation of this task.

The concept and history of etiquette

Each society had its own theory of morality and, on its basis, developed rules of decency and treatment of people appropriate to its time and mores. Etiquette is intended for the practical implementation of such rules. If morality, figuratively speaking, is a general moral strategy, then etiquette provides tactical recommendations for proper behavior in certain conditions.

“Etiquette (from French - label, label) is an established procedure for behavior anywhere, or, in other words, a set of rules of conduct regarding external manifestation relationship of a person to other people. This refers to the treatment of others, forms of address and greetings, behavior in in public places, manners and dress (style and conformity)." Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002. S. 473.

The rules of etiquette, dressed in specific forms of behavior, indicate the unity of its two sides: moral and ethical and aesthetic. The first side is an expression of a moral norm: precautionary care, respect, protection. The second side - aesthetic - testifies to the beauty, elegance of forms of behavior.

The words "ethics" and "etiquette" in Russian are so close in spelling and pronunciation that one involuntarily suggests the idea of ​​their commonality in meaning. There is indeed some semantic commonality between them.

“Etiquette in its etymology (but not in content!) Has nothing in common with ethics - their consonance is accidental. The term "ethics" is based on the ancient Greek word ethos, denoting custom, character, way of thinking. As for the term "etiquette", it comes from the Old French verb estiquer, in its original meaning it included a set of rules that determined the form and order of behavior at the court of the monarch for his confidants. Ethics of law enforcement officers: Textbook / Ed. prof. G.V. Dubova. - M.: Publishing house "Shield-M", 2003. S. 317.

Many rules of etiquette cannot be fulfilled without understanding the goal, setting specific tasks for yourself, choosing the means of achieving, sometimes quite lengthy actions and analyzing the results of a moral act.

The rules of conduct that were formed in the process of human history have always been practically justified. Their expediency depended and depends on

question - in whose favor, who benefits? During the long development of mankind, many rules have changed, supplemented, many have disappeared altogether, while some have been preserved traditionally, unchanged for centuries, and perhaps millennia.

Even the ancient Greeks taught a person to think independently, to distinguish between good and evil, beautiful and ugly. They believed that the unity of the good and the beautiful reflects the harmony of man; his actions should be beautiful and virtuous.

Much attention was paid to etiquette already during the European Renaissance. The highest nobility and the nobility, competing in a peculiar way, scrupulously followed the rules of their etiquette, especially honoring the beauty of external behavior and some negligence, grace and condescension towards the weak, the ability to conduct secular conversation.

The first guides to conduct were Table Manners and the Clericalis Discipline compiled in 1204 by the Spaniard Petrus Alphonse. They were followed by books on the rules of conduct.

“So, in Hamburg in 1716 a book was published with a detailed title “Customs for a polite and decent conversation and life, for dealing with high noble persons, their own kind and women, as well as teaching women how to be skillful.”1 1 Shcheglov A.V. Professional ethics of employees of internal affairs bodies: a course of lectures at 3 hours - M .: YuI Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1999. Part 2. S. 49.

In the history of Russian social thought, much attention has always been paid to the problems of ethics and etiquette. Starting with one of the first Russian philosophers - Hilarion in the XII century, through all subsequent centuries - the period of Ancient Rus', then the New and Modern times - they were an important integral part in philosophical works, chronicles, epics, folk tales and other monuments of spiritual culture. A feature of ethical thought in Rus' was the justification of spirituality as a defining characteristic of a person, the veneration of such internal moral properties as courage, honesty, patriotism, common sense, modesty and unpretentiousness in everyday life, etc. The formation of these internal qualities of a person was achieved through appropriate education and was associated with practical deeds, direct behavior and results of activity. In Russia there were many princes, tsars, major political figures, thinkers and preachers, scientists, etc., who went down in history as spiritual mentors, enlighteners, champions of morality: Vladimir Svyatoslavovich, Yaroslav the Wise, Vladimir Monomakh, Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Donskoy, Sergius of Radonezh, Decembrists, revolutionary democrats, who did a lot to strengthen and form the spiritual and moral foundations in society.

Generally accepted norms of behavior have always occupied an important place in the formation of spiritual culture in Rus'. So, already in the XII century. Vladimir Monomakh's Teachings reflect many of the external rules and norms of behavior for young princes. “Keep silent in front of the elders, listen to the wise, have love with your peers and smaller ones; learn the language of abstinence, the mind of humility; get up before the sun, as good men do, do not be lazy, for laziness is the mother of all vices; a lazy person will forget what he knew how to do, and he will not learn at all what he did not know.”1 1 Shcheglov A.V. Professional ethics of employees of internal affairs bodies: a course of lectures at 3 hours - M .: YuI Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1999. Part 2. S. 49.

Of course, and social progress contributed to the interpenetration of rules of conduct, the enrichment of cultures. The world was getting tighter. The process of mutual enrichment with the rules of conduct made it possible to develop a mutually acceptable etiquette recognized in the main features, fixed in customs and traditions. Etiquette began to prescribe norms of behavior at work, on the street, at a party, at business and diplomatic receptions, in the theater, and in public transport.

It should be noted that in our time many of these rules are literally traditional in nature, and their practical value is very doubtful. For example, when climbing stairs, a man walks ahead of a woman, a requirement that was dictated by a woman's long, floor-length dress and candle lighting, since the man carried a candlestick and the dress could be easily stepped on. Thus, and now, partly by tradition, the man goes up the stairs in front of the woman and comes down behind.

It is customary among European peoples to shake hands when greeting.

Today, this tradition is interpreted as a sign of respect. And the reason for this custom was another reason: peacefulness, confirmation of peaceful intentions. “The outstretched and open right hand was supposed to confirm that there were no weapons in it: a stone, a knife, etc. If the other side was also peacefully disposed, an involuntary handshake followed - a greeting.”1 1 . Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002. S. 477.

In the East, the Arabs expressed the same thought by crossing their arms over their chests, the Turkmens thrust their hands into their long sleeves, while the Chinese, when bowing, hung their arms freely at the sides.

The national psychological characteristics of each people left their mark on the requirements of etiquette. What is accepted in one country may cause bewilderment in another; what is considered decent by some peoples is unacceptable by others. True, in recent years there has been a significant convergence of the rules of etiquette adopted in different countries, in the direction of European rules of good taste, which is especially noticeable in business practice, nevertheless, the national flavor in people's behavior is constantly present.

Different nations have different customs. Differences are due to historical and local conditions, the nature of the people and other factors. Therefore, it is unacceptable to impose the customs of one people on another. While respecting the people, we must also respect their traditions.

There is nothing more senseless than to erect the rules of politeness into a dogma, to which one would have to sacrifice personal noble feelings, good taste, natural convenience and reasonable well-being that does not interfere with anyone. Our society should be characterized by courtesy, arising from cordiality and goodwill.

However, such courtesy and rules of conduct, which remain etiquette and are limited only to good manners, are not enough for us. Rules of conduct must be observed meaningfully, depending on the situation, place and time. Conscious adherence to the "golden rule" of morality can provide serious assistance in building the correct line of human behavior. The wording of the "golden rule" of morality is as follows: (Do not) act towards others as you would (not) want others to do to you.

2. Norms and principles of professional etiquette

The police service is complex and multifaceted. It always takes place in front of people, in communication with them, and is often associated with an intrusion into the sphere of human relations, feelings, and emotions. Therefore, each employee must know his job perfectly and possess traits that would help him, with all the severity and decisiveness of his actions, to keep his high appointment clean. Of paramount importance are such qualities as politeness, modesty, endurance, tact, mutual respect, discipline, readiness to help at any time, the ability to listen to critical remarks addressed to oneself and correct a mistake without offense.

“The culture and ethics of police work are manifested in different forms: in the ability to rationally organize your working day and persistently carry out all the planned activities (sequence), competently draw up official documents (competence), correctly express your thoughts (erudition).”

To greet cordially, to thank, to listen attentively to a citizen, to treat women and elders with caution, to be able to sincerely apologize for any awkwardness - all this does not require special efforts and stress, but is mandatory in relationships with people. Such qualities are initially brought up in the family, and subsequently they are developed and improved in the team.

Police officers need to strive to ensure that high culture and strict observance of the law become their hallmark. For the population, the image of an employee of the internal affairs bodies (police) should be inseparable from ideas about the best human qualities.

It is well known that an employee has to deal most often with a special contingent of people who have broken the law or violated public order. And here two extremes are unacceptable. The first is complacency, a lack of understanding that various coercive measures are applied to socially dangerous elements, up to weapons and special means. The second extreme is excessive suspicion, captiousness, distrust of any guilty or stumbled person. With this approach to business, it is easy to imagine that the vast majority of the population are potential offenders. Therefore, a police officer must always skillfully combine measures of persuasion, public influence and coercion - this is one of the defining requirements for law enforcement. Along with the application of the penalties provided for by laws, real and serious concern for the prevention of crime is necessary.

The actions of police officers, with all the severity and determination, must always be fair and understandable to the general public; Only in this case can one count on mutual understanding of people, their support and assistance. In turn, in the actions of an internal affairs officer, first of all, a respectful attitude to human dignity should be clearly visible; It is no coincidence that one of the four principles of the Russian police activity is respect for the rights and freedoms of man and citizen.

Strict adherence to the rules of etiquette is an important condition for a high culture of employee behavior. But even the most detailed observance of these rules does not guarantee behavior appropriate to the situation, since real circumstances are so diverse that no norms and rules are able to cover them completely. To avoid all mistakes, it is necessary to develop a sense of sincerity and the emotional empathy associated with it in relation to the interlocutor. It's about tact. A developed sense of tact allows the employee to determine the proper measure in expressions and actions, in showing interest in another person. It is tact that allows you to find a way out of a problematic conflict in communication, without detracting from the dignity of other people and without reducing your own.

“Professional tact is a manifestation of restraint, foresight and decency in communication with others. Tact implies a careful, attentive attitude to the personality of the interlocutor, excluding the possibility of touching some of his “sore strings”. This is the ability to tactfully, correctly bypass, if possible, issues that can cause embarrassment among others. This is the ability to say or do something by the way, without unnecessary "excesses", importunity and unceremoniousness.

Tact is closely related to such etiquette norms as politeness, correctness, modesty.

Politeness is a moral quality that characterizes the behavior of a person for whom respect for people has become a daily norm and a habitual way of treating (treating) others. This is an elementary requirement of a culture of behavior; it includes attentiveness, benevolence, readiness to help the needy.

Correctness is a special shade of politeness, which consists in the ability to keep oneself within the generally accepted norms of decency in any situation. To show correctness means to preserve one's dignity.

Modesty is one of the most important norms of etiquette. A modest person never considers himself an outstanding person and does not brag about his achievements, even if they are obvious. A modest person, without giving up self-esteem, always compares it with the opinion of others about himself. But modesty does not mean self-humiliation, renunciation of pride, independence, independence in behavior and self-expression. It expresses genuine respect for people, the limitation of one's own needs by the material conditions existing in society, as well as a critical attitude towards oneself.

An educated police officer must be able to behave, know how to act in a given situation, showing restraint, maintaining his human dignity and not detracting from the dignity of other people.

“By creating models of behavior in various situations and explaining how to behave, etiquette instills in a person proper manners and the best moral qualities: mercy, humanity, responsiveness, kindness.”1 1 Shcheglov A.V. Professional ethics of employees of the internal affairs bodies: a course of lectures at 3 hours - M .: YuI Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1999. Part 2. S. 57.

A law enforcement officer who has firmly mastered the rules of good manners becomes freer, he gains self-confidence, adequate self-esteem, tolerance for the weaknesses and shortcomings of other people.

3. General rules police behavior

The high demands placed today on the morality and cultural level of an employee are due to the fact that he is forced to daily intrude into complex areas of human relationships, acting as an arbitrator in acute conflict situations affecting the fate of many people. Moral education, genuine culture allow the employee to overcome subjectivism, limitations personal experience to understand the motives, interests and aspirations of other people. Due to the specifics of official activity, he has no right to be biased, rude, callous.

Any mistake or oversight in police work, a case of unworthy behavior, lack of culture, impoliteness can immediately receive a wide response and, acquiring rumors and speculation, cause people to have a distorted idea of ​​​​the activities of law enforcement agencies, undermine the authority of a particular service and unit.

Based on the experience of the bodies and departments of internal affairs, there are general recommendations on the rules of conduct for a police officer in various situations, both in official and off-duty situations.

“An employee of the internal affairs bodies must have a sense of dignity - a sense of respect for himself and others. To respect others means to observe certain rules of decency, which are the key to harmonious relations between people. 1 1 Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002. S. 494.

You should value your word. Don't promise what you can't deliver. If the promise is given, then it is necessary to fulfill it, otherwise the authority will suffer. As a well-mannered person, one should show respect for other people in everything.

From correct behavior and actions to a certain extent depends on the authority of an employee of the internal affairs bodies.

The employee must remember that his appearance must be impeccable.

“We should not forget that appearance is a reflection and characteristic of internal culture, and that neatness and smartness emphasize respect for others and thus give the right to respect for oneself.”2 2 Ibid., p.495

A police officer must always have a neat appearance, drill smartness, behave with dignity, not slouch, walk with a firm and energetic step. A well-fitted shape emphasizes the slimness of the figure, physical strength. While in uniform, a police officer should refrain from carrying shopping bags, bulky items, visiting markets, and making other decisions. household issues It is strictly forbidden to use the services of commercial, cultural and other institutions on preferential terms, as this leads to discrediting the internal affairs bodies in the eyes of the population.

In dealing with citizens, certain rules must also be observed. When addressing a citizen, you must first greet him, putting your hand to the headdress, introduce yourself - name the position, rank and surname, briefly state the reason or purpose of the appeal. In this case, one should not call the citizen to oneself, but approach oneself. He must state his demands and remarks in a courteous and convincing manner; the explanations must be listened to carefully, without interrupting the speaker.

When a citizen turns to a policeman, he must be listened to carefully, answered the question or explained where to go to solve it. If necessary, calmly, without irritation, repeat the answer and explain its meaning. In no case should a citizen be pointed out to the insignificance of his request.

“An employee must act clearly, professionally competently, invariably showing sympathy, goodwill and respect for the interlocutor. After all, as a rule, people turn to the police in difficult situations, and the duty of an employee is to help people in their trouble.”1 1 Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002. S. 496.

You should never respond with harshness for harshness, rudeness for rudeness. A calm, firm and friendly manner of address is the best means of eliminating a negative reaction and creating a normal atmosphere for conversation.

It is especially important to observe the norms of official ethics and culture of behavior when imposing a fine or applying another form of punishment in relation to a violator of public order, rules traffic So in this case, punishment is not an end in itself, but a means of education. In addition, the police officer is obliged to calmly, politely and clearly explain to the violator the nature and gravity of the guilt and show the possible consequences of the violation. It should be remembered that the very conversation of the employee with the violator is effective tool upbringing, therefore, if the violation is insignificant, it is quite legitimate to confine ourselves to a remark.

It is important to firmly remember that although a police officer should be principled in matters of protecting public order and the safety of citizens, this does not mean that he should approach any violation with maximum severity.

An essential aspect of the work of the police is to help citizens who find themselves in difficult circumstances. Children, the elderly and the disabled, women with young children may find themselves in such a position.

“An employee should treat teenagers with the same courtesy as adults. Instructions and remarks to children (teenagers) are made taking into account their psychology and level of development. For young and middle children school age the appeal to “you” is used, and the elder - to “you”.1 1 Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002. S. 497.

The employee should not disregard the pranks and other thoughtless actions of children. It is necessary to stop them and make the necessary remark, explain how to behave on the street. However, the criminal actions of minors in relation to police officers must be resolutely suppressed.

Employees do not interfere in disputes and quarrels of a private nature, except in cases where there is an immediate danger to the life and health of citizens, a violation of public order is allowed, illegal actions are committed.

An employee often deals with vagrants, persons in a state of intoxication, drug addicts. In such cases, he must, if necessary, be ready to provide first aid, send people to the hospital, locate missing persons, and provide assistance to the injured. Humane rather than punitive methods should be preferred in this work.

A police officer must be able to identify offenses carried out deliberately, out of hooligan, mercenary or provocative motives. In these cases, he must immediately and with all determination stop the illegal actions. The activities of the employee in this situation are regulated by the relevant office instructions However, in these cases, he must adhere to certain standards of official ethics.

Upon detection of illegal actions, a police officer is obliged to demand their termination, reasonably explain to the violator the provisions of the relevant legal documents. These arguments should be presented in a polite, tactful and persuasive manner. It is necessary to take all measures to ensure that the illegal nature of the actions of the violator becomes obvious to others, would cause them a negative reaction, readiness to support the police.

When detaining an offender, especially in the presence of citizens, a police officer is obliged to show maximum restraint and calmness, to act in accordance with the situation. The use, in necessary cases, of physical force and special means, the use of other forms of coercion should not be demonstratively rude. You should not enter into arguments with others, resort to harsh expressions or gestures, or perform any actions that provoke a complication of the situation.

If a police officer was forced to use physical force or weapons (to kill) during detention and injured or wounded the offender, he is obliged to provide emergency medical assistance to this person, and in case of death - to ensure the protection of the body of the murdered.

The employee must show special restraint and tact in conflict situations, taking all possible measures to stop them.

“In conflict situations, the employee is guided customary norms work ethics, but observes them with particular care. It should be firmly remembered that the slightest tactlessness, harshness, rudeness, irritability (as well as a manifestation of indecision and weakness) can lead to the development of a conflict and support from others around the offender. And vice versa, correct, lawful, confident and resolute actions, self-control and calmness can arouse the sympathy of citizens and ensure their assistance. 1 1 Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002. S. 499.

If the violator reacts excitedly to the comments, it is necessary, without entering into arguments and disputes with him, to let him calm down, and then explain that in his actions the police officer is guided not by hostile feelings or negative emotions, but by the interests of society, the need to protect public order and the peace of citizens. Explaining to the offender the illegality of his actions, it is necessary to refer to the relevant laws, regulations and other regulatory legal acts.

The norms of professional ethics and culture of behavior are strictly observed during interrogation, where they almost completely coincide with the specific requirements for professional activity employees of the internal affairs bodies. A calm, patient, sympathetic and friendly tone when interrogating a victim or a witness helps a citizen to overcome excitement, remember and convey in detail the circumstances of what happened. Calmly, patiently and politely, but at the same time firmly and strictly, without flirting and threats, one should interrogate the accused or suspected of committing a crime.

A search requires sensitivity, restraint and calmness, since it affects the interests of the accused's family members and has a strong emotional impact on them. In this case, moralizing, mocking or condemning remarks, as well as statements about the way of life or things of the searched are strictly prohibited.

Professional ethics imposes a number of requirements on all police officers. These norms determine the special, moral responsibility of the leading personnel of the law enforcement system.

The boss must constantly set an example of organization, discipline, conscientious attitude to business, instill in his subordinates a sense of attentive attitude towards citizens, especially when resolving requests, statements and complaints, demand from each employee an exemplary appearance and smartness. Tact, courtesy, courtesy, friendliness are the essential qualities of a leader.

Any boss is only an executor of the laws on which his power, rights and duties are based. But as a person, as a member of the collective, he is a comrade to all who serve with him.

“The requirements of the Code of Honor for the ordinary and commanding staff of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation are applicable to every employee of the internal affairs bodies, regardless of position, rank or other official status.”1 1 Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002. S. 500.

The quality of the work performed and the moral and psychological atmosphere in the unit largely depend on the culture of behavior, the correct style of managing people, the relationship between the leader and subordinates.

The reception of citizens by responsible employees of bodies, divisions, institutions is one of the main factors contributing to the propaganda of the activities of law enforcement officers. A citizen invited for a conversation should be received at the appointed time, show interest in the conversation. You should not look at documents that are not relevant to the conversation, since the slightest sign of indifference will seriously interfere with the creation of an atmosphere of trust in the conversation with the visitor.

If the visitor is required to submit his application in writing, but finds it difficult to do so, he should be given the necessary assistance.

If the question addressed by the visitor cannot be resolved, then the citizen should be given the address or telephone number of persons whose competence includes solving this problem. In case of refusal of the visitor's request, it is necessary to explain the reasons for the refusal and the procedure for appealing the decision.

At whatever time of the day and on whatever issue a citizen turns to the police department on duty, he must be carefully listened to and given an exhaustive answer. In no case do not indicate to the citizen the insignificant reason for his visit.

A person who superficially mastered moral principles and good manners can make a good impression, but such a level of culture is of no value to people responsible for law and order and security in the state and society. It is important to remember that any form of politeness is appreciated and accepted by people with genuine sincerity, truly high and disinterested motives.

Conclusion

The norms and rules of communication in the internal affairs bodies are expressed in professional etiquette, which is determined and enshrined in charters, orders, instructions and regulations on service. The etiquette of police officers is an integral part of their moral and aesthetic culture, which includes established norms of behavior, both in the service teams themselves and in communication with citizens.

Each employee of the internal affairs bodies should remember that his activities take place in front of many citizens and in communication with them. Being in the service, he is a representative of the authorities and the authority of this authority among the population depends on his behavior. Therefore, each employee must know his job perfectly and have features that would help him, with all the severity and decisiveness of his actions, maintain the high rank of a law enforcement officer.

In recent years, there has been a large turnover of personnel in the internal affairs bodies, a large number of citizens are being hired, and each sets a different goal in his service. There are employees who in the service seek to earn money in an illegal way. This is facilitated by both social prerequisites and personal qualities of a person.

Studying, even getting to know ethics, in my opinion, to a certain extent can help prevent professional deformation of consciousness, help answer the question of what and how to do so that there are more decent people. However, a person who superficially mastered the moral principles and rules of good taste can make a good impression, but such a level of culture is of no value to an employee of the internal affairs bodies. You need to be a cultured person, and not seem like one. You need to follow the rules of etiquette not according to your mood, but constantly, systematically.

Employees of the internal affairs bodies should strive to ensure that high culture and strict observance of the law become their hallmarks. For the population, the concept of "policeman" should be inseparable from the idea of ​​the best human qualities.

List of used literature

professional ethics morality

1. Code of honor for the rank and file and commanding staff of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation.

2. Psychology. Pedagogy. Ethics: Textbook for universities / I.I. Aminov, O.V. Afanasiev, A.T. Vaskov, A.M. Voronov and others; Ed. prof. Yu.V. Naumkin. - 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M.: UNITI_DANA, Law and Law, 2002.

3. Pylev S.S. Spiritual, moral and cultural foundations of the activities of the police and militia in Russia (history and modernity). Monograph. - M. 2003.

4. Shcheglov A.V. Professional ethics of employees of internal affairs bodies: a course of lectures at 3 hours - M .: YuI Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 1999. Part 2.

5. Shcheglov A.V. Professional ethics of employees of internal affairs bodies: a course of lectures at 3 hours - M .: YuI Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2001. Part 3.

6. Ethics of law enforcement officers: Textbook / Ed. prof. G.V. Dubova. - M.: Publishing house "Shield-M", 2003.

1. Posted on www.allbest.ru

Similar Documents

Psychological components professional communication employees of the internal affairs bodies. Formal and informal communication. Forms of communication culture: behavior, speech, appearance, professional etiquette. The study of the moral problems of the profession.

lecture, added 12/03/2015


Psychological components of professional communication of employees of internal affairs bodies. Features and types of professional communication of police officers. The main forms of communication culture: behavior, speech, appearance and professional etiquette of interlocutors.

abstract, added 07/29/2009


The history of the emergence and disclosure of the content of office etiquette as a set of rules for relationships with people in business environment. Analysis of the laws and norms of office etiquette, its role in shaping the company's image. Description of the rules of conduct in the workplace.

test, added 01/29/2013


The concept of etiquette is the established procedure for observing certain norms of behavior. Principles business etiquette- the most important aspect of professional behavior. Features of verbal etiquette, culture of speech and rules of negotiation. Telephone etiquette.

test, added 02/27/2011


The ability to realize one's "I", introspection and self-esteem as a qualitative characteristic of the human psyche as a person. Causes of professional deformation of police officers. Methods for preventing job deformation among employees.

abstract, added 11/16/2012


The role and place of professional ethics in shaping the worldview and values ​​of law enforcement officers. Professional and ethical rules of employee behavior. Moral Meaning of the Code of Professional Ethics of Inquiry Officers.

abstract, added 11/25/2013


The origin and development of ethics as a science of morality and ethics, their place in the system of social relations. Features, norms and significance of etiquette in different historical times. Basic requirements of etiquette, its place in the sphere of modern business relations.

abstract, added 04/07/2010


Ethics as a doctrine of morality, the basis of morality in human reality. Points of view on the nature of conscience. professional honor. Moral principles in the activities of employees of internal affairs bodies. Humanism as a principle of respect, humanity.

term paper, added 05/09/2016


Moral Foundations service in internal affairs bodies, protection of a person, his life and health, honor and personal dignity, inalienable rights and freedoms. Official activities of a police officer, moral goals aimed at protecting the interests of citizens.

control work, added 10/13/2010


The study of the concept of ethics and etiquette, categories and specifics of ethics. Study of professional ethical codes. Description of the main ways to improve the professional ethical level of employees of the inspection of the Federal Tax Service.

Law enforcement agencies, and the police in the first place, are designed to protect the life, health, rights and freedoms of citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens, stateless persons, to combat crime, protect public order and property, and ensure public safety.

When performing their official duties police officers should be guided by the needs of society and the state. This, in turn, should increase the level of confidence of citizens in the activities of the police and each of its individual employees. In order to effectively solve the problems of crime prevention, it is necessary to study the causes that affect it and try to eliminate them. Thus, the activities of police officers are aimed at eliminating the causes that affect the state of crime. However, the police alone, without outside help, cannot fully resist crime. That is why, in solving this most difficult task in the conditions of the development of our society, the internal affairs bodies simply need the support of citizens and public structures.

This public support is important, on the one hand, for obtaining the information necessary for the prevention, detection and investigation of crimes. On the other hand, interaction with citizens increases public confidence in the police, allows citizens to contribute to ensuring their own security and to some extent coordinate the activities of the police, depending on the needs. modern society and social order in a particular region. In addition, due to such interaction, citizens begin to feel responsible for maintaining law and order and public safety, social problems in your area.

The trust of the population in the police is closely related to the behavior of police officers in relation to citizens, and in particular with the observance of professional ethics both in the performance of official duties and in private life, in ordinary everyday situations. Everything - appearance, dress code, manner of communication, respect by police officers for dignity and fundamental freedoms and human rights, indifference to other people's problems and troubles, elementary attention - contributes to the establishment of trusting relationships.

The new approach is based on the ideas of police service to society and assumes a high degree of social importance of its work, increasing the level of responsibility for the results of its activities not only to the state, but, first of all, to society and each individual citizen.

Based on the foregoing, the tasks of the police are: maintaining public peace and order, protecting and respecting the rights and freedoms of the individual, preventing and combating crime, and providing assistance to citizens.

Protection and respect for human rights as the most important task of law enforcement agencies - distinguishing feature the functioning of the police in a democratic society. The duty of the police to be on guard of human rights becomes a priority, and the key to success in this case is well-organized crime prevention, that is, its prevention. In carrying out this task, the interaction of the police with citizens and society as a whole, as well as with state bodies, acquires highest value, since only in such interaction can measures to prevent crimes and prevent their negative manifestations be most effective.

However, work in this direction has not been properly organized so far, since this kind of interaction has been poorly reflected and disclosed. Russian legislation in the field of law enforcement, and the citizens were generally perceived negatively. In the law of the Russian Federation "On the Police", the interaction of law enforcement agencies with civil society and citizens is not only properly reflected, but also highlighted as a priority in the activities of the police and its employees.

Since any obligatory task implies a responsible attitude to the process and results of its implementation, such a new task of the internal affairs bodies as organizing interaction with society and a citizen involves the development of new mechanisms and the search for new ways to solve it.

In this case, raising the level of professional ethics, developing personal and professional culture, ethical and intellectual development of each individual officer are an obligatory and simply necessary element in solving and fulfilling one of the most important tasks of the police. This is supported by the following factors:

Firstly, the fight against crime and other offenses is not only legal, but also moral problem, since it is impossible to fight crime and its causes without strengthening the moral foundations of society, and without fighting crime it is impossible to ensure the full development and manifestation of the moral factor in its constructive, creative role.

Secondly, employees of the internal affairs bodies, as a rule, have to deal with not the best part of society, which, on the one hand, has a very adverse effect on their own moral character and can, under certain conditions, lead to professional deformation. On the other hand, service ethics oblige each police officer to show tact, restraint, to influence morally the detainee, arrested, convicted. In addition, the moral culture of employees of the internal affairs bodies has a noticeable disciplinary, educational impact on citizens, and also determines the degree of their trust in law enforcement agencies.

It is also no secret that in the context of the democratization and humanization of society, the expansion of publicity regarding the activities of law enforcement agencies, the importance of professional morality of employees is noticeably increasing, since, first of all, it is negative manifestations that become public knowledge.

Professional ethics is considered as certain moral requirements for employees, due to the specifics of their profession. Morality would lose its functions as the most universal regulator of people's behavior and activities if its requirements and norms were not so universal and generally valid in society. Thus, the requirements for the professional and ethical culture of employees of internal affairs bodies are twice as high as for an ordinary citizen. Even a properly conducted conversation can be a favorable and often the only opportunity to convince the interlocutor of the validity of your position, help persuade him to make the right decision and create the prerequisites for changing, if not the worldview in general, but the assessment of one’s specific act or attitude to a specific problem. It must be remembered that the person whom you have been able to win over will be much more helpful than the one you are trying to get to talk to you. In communicating with any citizen, even if it is a representative of a marginal community, the ability to listen carefully is especially important. The ability to listen, and most importantly, to hear the interlocutor -
in a difficult situation, the key to mutual understanding.

The rules of conduct for employees of the internal affairs bodies, which determine the polite and attentive treatment of citizens, the strict observance of their rights and freedoms, are developed on the basis of the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the generally recognized principles of international law, as well as other regulatory legal acts and are reflected in the Code of Professional Ethics for an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, approved by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated December 24, 2008 No. 1139.

Every citizen of our country should feel safe, see in the policeman his protector, able to reliably protect his life, health, honor and dignity from criminal encroachments, worthy of becoming an example for the younger generation, commanding respect.

Possessing broad rights and powers granted by law, police officers must use them skillfully and reasonably, while showing restraint and high culture, adhering to high moral principles. At the same time, police officers must be resolute in the suppression of offenses, but at the same time, their actions must be legally impeccable, excluding violation of the law, understandable and justified for others, excluding infringement of the rights of citizens, including detainees and arrests.

Employees of the internal affairs bodies should remember that they are constantly in the public eye and their behavior largely determines the authority of the police as a whole, trust in each individual employee and the support of citizens. As life shows, people in the first place put professionalism, a culture of behavior and the general intellectual development of an employee, his ability to effectively, competently and confidently perform his official duties, the desire for social justice and strict observance of the rule of law, as well as high moral-volitional, ethical qualities, the ability to take responsibility and resist any actions that violate the law, the rights and freedoms of citizens. Citizens also believe that at least necessary qualities employee - this is decency, morality, kindness and empathy, generosity and the desire to help a person in word and deed, that is, universally recognized and universal, and therefore the most valuable.

If we evaluate the wishes of citizens in principle, then their demands are absolutely legitimate and humanly understandable. Such should be the employees of the internal affairs bodies in a highly developed state of law, striving for excellence.

In conclusion, I can only say that ethics, since ancient times, has also been called practical philosophy. It is studied not only in order to find out what virtue is, but in order, first of all, to be virtuous. The goal of ethics is not knowledge, but actions. It does not replace a living person in his individual moral efforts and cannot remove responsibility for the decisions made from the individual, or at least mitigate it. You can't hide behind ethics, you can rely on it. She can only help those who seek her help, sincerely want to eradicate evil in themselves and help others in this, become better themselves and do better world around you.

Leonid ROTARU,

assistant to the head of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Kryukovo district of Moscow

for work with personnel,

lieutenant colonel of internal service

M.A. Yermoshina

Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor

MODERN ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF EMPLOYEES OF THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES

MODERN ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL ETHICS OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIALS

The most pressing issues of professional ethics of employees of internal affairs bodies are considered. The modern aspect of this problem is analyzed in relation to the activities of the police in general, as well as units of internal affairs bodies.

The paper is dedicated to the most vital questions of professional conduct of law enforcement officials. Some modern aspect of the problem concerned in relation to the militia activities on the whole and to law enforcement bodies as well is analyzed.

It is impossible to fight crime in modern conditions without strengthening law enforcement agencies, purging them of corrupt officials, increasing the prestige of the police service and citizens' confidence in the internal affairs bodies. Hard and painstaking work to cleanse the police environment from immoral people is one of the key, most difficult tasks of the modern Russian state. It is especially necessary to take this into account today, when the problems of the relationship between law and ethics, law and morality are one of the most important factors in the life of modern society.

The formation of high moral and ethical qualities among employees - fidelity to duty and oath, honesty, incorruptibility, attentive attitude towards people, general and legal culture - ensures the professional and ethical viability of internal affairs personnel, their resistance to the effects of negative factors and professional deformation, and therefore increases their reliability in the fight against crime.

As indicated in Chapter 2 (Articles 4-7) of the Code of Professional Ethics for an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, “professional duty, honor and dignity are the most important criteria the moral maturity of the employee...”; “steadfast adherence to moral principles is a matter of honor and duty for an employee of the internal affairs bodies”; “the impeccable fulfillment of moral obligations ensures the moral right of an employee to public trust, respect, recognition and support of citizens”; "moral values ​​form the basis of the employee's morale, embodying the awareness of involvement in the noble cause of protecting law and order, the heroic history of the internal affairs bodies, the victories, achievements, successes of previous generations" .

The professional ethics of police officers has the character of deontology (from the Greek deontos

Due). Its norms are more stringent and are provided with administrative sanctions: non-compliance with the Code of Professional Ethics of an employee of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation may result in dismissal from the bodies. Professional

the ethics of a policeman includes both the basic categories and components of universal morality - justice, duty, responsibility, humanism, etc., and special ones - impartiality, punctuality, etc.

Policemen should not: resort to unnecessary force; take bribes; show malice; IS - use illegal methods of work; to choose unsuitable means for the fulfillment of one's professional duty; allow personal sympathies, friendly feelings, prejudices, prejudices to influence the decisions they make; want some privilege.

Thus, as society humanizes and democratizes, the role of ethical elements in the behavior and activities of law enforcement officials is steadily increasing.

Compliance with the principles of moral and ethical behavior is the key to the effectiveness of the activities of various departments of the internal affairs bodies.

Numerous duties of employees of the public security police units: from monitoring the condition of roads and the correctness of price tags in stores to visiting dysfunctional families and assisting in finding employment for people released from places of detention, force policemen to communicate daily with dozens of different people in the most unexpected situations.

The corresponding specificity obliges the representatives of these units to have not only the necessary professional training, to be disciplined and vigilant, to act decisively, boldly and persistently in the performance of their official duties, but also to have high moral and ethical qualities, to endure all the difficulties associated with the service, not to spare their strength, and if necessary, life itself to fulfill their official duty. The employee must show selflessness and constant readiness to fulfill his official duty, responsibility for ensuring law and order, intolerance towards offenders, improving professionalism, etc. All of these requirements

novations are not only professionally necessary in nature, but also ethical.

This aspect is of particular importance for district police officers. Sufficient efficiency of the work of the district commissioner is possible only if he manages to win over the citizens. The task of the district commissioner during a short acquaintance

Leave the most favorable impression of yourself, which is impossible to achieve with a violation ethical standards. Relying only on his authority, the district police officer will not cope with the tasks assigned to him, and the main tool of the district commissioner is persuasion. Relying on his authority, he probably solves many problems in the course of a short conversation, sometimes even on the phone. Examples are daily family conflicts and conflicts between neighbors.

A distinctive feature of the work of militia units serving in the protection of public order is contacts with citizens at the initiative of a police officer. The rudeness and provocative actions of the offender, if they occur, should be contrasted with the decisiveness of the actions, combined with the correctness, restraint, self-control, calmness and deliberateness of the decisions made. At the same time, the employee must be extremely collected, vigilant and attentive. When resolving conflict situations, it is desirable to enlist the support and assistance of surrounding citizens. The requirements for the violator should be based only on the current regulatory -legal acts, be understandable, be presented in a polite, tactful and persuasive manner. Taking measures to prevent or suppress violations of public order, the employee must act decisively, but calmly and correctly, because rude treatment of the violator can cause a negative reaction from others. You should not, without special need, express threats of using special measures of influence (physical force, special equipment, firearms), be distracted by conversations with others.

Under any conditions, a police officer must be polite and tactful with citizens, address them as “You”, state their demands and comments in a convincing and understandable form, and avoid disputes and actions that offend their honor and dignity.

An employee will look worthy and will cause respect, sympathy and support of citizens if his actions, together with exactingness, firmness and determination, are legitimate and understandable to others.

The norms of professional ethics prescribe to an employee of the internal affairs bodies: to behave with self-respect, benevolently and openly, attentively and precautionary, causing the respect of citizens for the internal affairs bodies and readiness to cooperate with them; constantly control their behavior, feelings and emotions, not allowing personal likes or dislikes, hostility, unkind

mood or friendly feelings to influence official decisions, be able to foresee the consequences of their actions and actions; treat citizens equally correctly, regardless of their official or social status, without showing subservience to socially successful people and disdain for people with a low social status; to show respect and attention to elders in rank or age, always be the first to greet: the younger - the elder, the subordinate - the boss, the man - the woman; stick to business style behavior based on self-discipline and expressed in professional competence, commitment, accuracy, accuracy, attentiveness, the ability to value one's own and other people's time; in behavior with colleagues, show simplicity and modesty, the ability to sincerely rejoice in the success of your colleagues, to contribute to the successful completion of difficult tasks by them, to be intolerant of bragging and boasting, envy and hostility.

A police officer must remember that immoral behavior, promiscuity and unscrupulousness in personal relationships, lack of self-discipline skills and licentiousness, talkativeness and lack of concentration cause irreparable damage to the reputation and authority of the internal affairs bodies.

For a police officer, the following is unacceptable: haste in making decisions, disregard for procedural and moral norms, use of means that do not meet the requirements of the law, moral principles and norms; provocative actions related to incitement, inducement, inducement in direct or indirect form to commit offenses; disclosure of facts and circumstances of private life that became known in the course of investigative actions; selective approach in taking measures against violators of the law, traffic rules; indifference, inactivity and passivity in the prevention and suppression of offenses.

The culture of speech is important indicator professionalism of a police officer and is manifested in his ability to competently, intelligibly and accurately convey thoughts. The culture of speech obliges the employee to adhere to the following speech norms: clarity, literacy, content, logic, evidence, conciseness, relevance. The employee must observe and uphold the purity of the Russian language. In the speech of an employee of the internal affairs bodies, the use of obscene language, foul language and expressions emphasizing a negative, contemptuous attitude towards people, jargon and other elements of the criminal subculture in communication with colleagues and citizens is excluded.

A decent appearance of a police officer ensures the moral right to self-respect, helps to strengthen the confidence of citizens in the internal affairs bodies, and influences the behavior and actions of people.

The loss of an official certificate is a gross violation of not only official discipline, but also the norms of professional ethics. An employee of the internal affairs bodies must consider -

to become unacceptable for oneself: to transfer an official certificate to other persons, to leave it as a pledge or for storage; use (show) an official ID in interests not related to the performance of official tasks; wear an official ID in purses, purses and other places that do not ensure its safety.

An employee, regardless of his official position, should take anti-corruption protection measures, which consist in preventing and resolutely overcoming corruption-threatening situations and their consequences. Moral cleanliness, incorruptibility of an employee, his devotion to the interests of the service, fidelity to official duty form the basis of the professional and ethical standard of anti-corruption behavior.

Thus, observance of the principles and norms of professional ethics is the key to the effectiveness of the activities of the internal affairs bodies.

LITERATURE

2. Professional ethics of police officers: textbook. allowance. - Voronezh: Voronezh Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2007. - 151 p.

3. Professional ethics: textbook / ed. G.V. Dubova, A.V. Opaleva - M.: UNITI, 2002. - 612 p.

4. Sokova Z.K. Professional ethics: a course of lectures. - M.: CI and NMO KP of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, 2000. - 204 p.

Professional ethics of police officers

Business conversation and etiquette.

Communication (communication) is a way of being a person in terms of mutual relations, interaction with other people. In the process of communication, people exchange information - thoughts, ideas and emotions, as a result of which a certain form of relationship and mutual influence is established between people, aimed at achieving a certain business expedient result. The ethics of business communication is the sum of the moral and ethical requirements, principles, norms and rules developed by science, practice and world experience, the observance of which ensures mutual understanding and mutual trust of the subjects of business communication, increases the effectiveness of contacts and end results their joint actions.

At the heart of business communication lies the solution of an important service issue, a responsible specific case concerning the fate of people, material and financial costs, and often legal relations with very unpleasant consequences for the subjects of communication. Therefore, the moral side of positions, decisions and the social result of communication plays a huge role. In addition, when it comes to a leader, the ethical content of communication directly affects the moral views of subordinates and, consequently, the quality of their performance. Therefore, knowledge and possession of the ethics of business communication is an indicator of the professional culture of a law enforcement officer, the degree of his compliance with modern requirements.

The exchange of information forms a certain psychological attitude in the subject of communication. Depending on the setting, the nature of communication occurs at one of four levels of communication:

1). The contactee position is based on false ideas and therefore must be overcome and discarded.

2). The ideas that conditioned the position of the contactee are inherently correct, but are an obstacle to achieving the desired result, so they need to be overcome and debunked.

3). The ideas underlying the contactee's position are correct, but have nothing to do with this issue.

4). The position of the contactee is based on correct and fruitful ideas, it is necessary to analyze them in accordance with one's own ideas.

Business communication should be based on certain moral principles, among which the following are the main ones:

1. The business contact is based on the interests of the business, but in no case personal interests and not one's own ambitions. Despite its apparent banality, it is this principle that is most often violated, because far from everyone and far from always finds the ability to give up personal interests when they conflict with the interests of the case, especially when this can be done with impunity and the only judge of the deed will be one's own conscience.

2. Decency, that is, an organic inability to dishonest act or behavior, based on such developed moral qualities as:

Sharpened conscience;

The ability to behave equally with any person, regardless of his official or social status (J.-J. Rousseau argued: "The highest virtue is to be the same with a beggar and a prince");

Moral stability, manifested primarily in the fact that under no circumstances does a person compromise his principles;

Obligation, accuracy, responsibility, fidelity to one's word.

3. Benevolence, that is, an organic need to do good to people (good is the main category of ethics).

4. Respect, that is, respect for the dignity of the contactee, which is realized through such educated moral qualities as: courtesy, delicacy, tact, courtesy, caring.

Etiquette is a stable order of conduct, a set of rules of polite behavior in society. Etiquette rules are the behavioral language of cultural communication. IN official etiquette the main thing is the correspondence of manners, appearance, speech, gestures, facial expressions, posture, posture, tone, clothing to character social role where communication takes place. This requirement is of particular importance when participating in a strictly regulated ceremonial, where certain official forms of behavior officials should not go beyond rigidly established limits, failure to comply with the requirements of etiquette due to their ignorance or disrespect for them is perceived as an insult to personal dignity and often causes conflicts or, at least, causes justified disapproval.

Strict adherence to the rules of etiquette is an important condition for a high culture of behavior. This is the “clothes” by which they “meet”, by which they make the first impression of a person. But even the most scrupulous knowledge and observance of these rules does not guarantee the corresponding behavior of a person, because the real circumstances are so diverse that no rules and norms are able to cover them completely. To avoid all mistakes, it is necessary to develop a sense of emotional empathy with the contactee, which is called tact. A developed sense of tact allows a person to determine the proper measure in expressions and actions, in showing interest in another person.

Professional tact.

Professional tact is a manifestation of restraint, foresight and decency in communication with others. Tact implies a careful, attentive attitude to the personality of the interlocutor, excluding the possibility of touching any of his "sore strings". This is the ability to tactfully, correctly bypass, if possible, issues that can cause embarrassment among others. This is the ability to say or do something by the way, without unnecessary "excesses", importunity and impudence. The manifestation of tactlessness is an unmistakable evidence of a lack of culture, an indicator of rudeness and bad manners. It is important to always remember that maintaining etiquette and showing tact is not easy required element communication, but an integral part of the spiritual culture of the individual, especially the personality of the leader, is an indispensable condition for the positive results of business communication and the authority of law enforcement agencies in general. Business communication between law enforcement officers, both among themselves, in service teams, and with citizens, can occur in various situations and take a variety of forms. Let's point out the main ones:

I. Everyday office communication.

1) Conversations, meetings, negotiations.

2) Reception of visitors.

3) Meetings, meetings, meetings, conferences.

4) Visiting organizations, institutions.

5) Visiting citizens at the place of residence.

6) Duty, patrolling, security.

II. Specific forms of official communication.

1) Communication in the service team:

a) subordinated forms of communication;

b) communication between colleagues.

2) Communication between teachers and students in the learning process.

3) Business contacts with foreign citizens.

III. Extreme forms of official communication

1) Communication in a conflict situation.

2) Communication with participants in rallies, demonstrations, public demarches.

3) Communication with the detainees during the search.

4) Communication with the special contingent.

IV. Non-verbal and non-specific forms of communication

1) Public contacts with journalists, interviews.

2) Speeches on radio, television, in the press.

3) Telephone, teletype, radio communication.

4) Business correspondence, resolution.

In addition, in all these forms of communication, great importance is attached to the so-called accessories, which are included as elements in etiquette rules communication. These include: the culture of speech, text, appearance, facial expressions, tone, gestures. For each of these elements, there is a set of specific rules that should also be carefully followed.

Ethics of business conversations, meetings, negotiations.

The results of the professional activities of law enforcement officers largely depend on personal meetings, conversations, meetings. The ethical requirements for their conduct are necessary condition, which allows you to find the right solution, smooth out sharp corners and get out of difficult or unpleasant situations with dignity.

A properly conducted conversation is the most favorable and often the only way to convince the interlocutor of the validity of your position, to force him to accept your decision and conditions.

In law enforcement activities, there are situations when there is a need to obtain this or that information from a person who avoids conversation. Even in these situations, you need to remember that the person you have been able to win over will be of much more help to you than the one you are trying to get to talk to you.

When preparing for a conversation, it is recommended to study the interlocutor. What position does he occupy? How does he treat you? What kind of person is he? What are his intentions? It is good to know the main points of the interlocutor's biography, the range of his personal interests, including his favorite pastime, hobby.

The time allotted for the meeting should be freed from other business. At this time, you can not appoint other meetings and make those invited to wait in the reception. It is not customary to drag out a meeting beyond the time allotted for it, unless, of course, this is related to the resolution of an important issue.

When conducting a meeting and conversation, it is important to take into account not only their strategy and tactics, but also pay attention to the "little things" of etiquette, which can grow into circumstances that seriously affect the outcome of the meeting.

Of great importance in conversation, negotiations are