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Open a shipping business. Transport and equipment

2005 year. Several years have passed since the end of my studies at the university, and I have not found a sensible application for myself. I am a historian by profession, but I was not interested in history. However, from his youth, he noticed more than once his interest in commerce, in managerial impulses and all kinds of financial schemes. Even while studying at the university, I created the Youth public organization"Our Choice" at the Committee on Youth Affairs of the city N (later they even prepared me for the position of Chairman of the Committee on Youth Affairs). However, something with social activities at that moment I didn’t become full, and the desired Mercedes didn’t appear either (I had a very big predilection for the automotive industry since childhood).

And then one day, driving along the Moscow-St. Petersburg highway on an autumn day, I noticed an insanely large number of trucks flying along the road. That, apparently, at that moment the idea came to me to do automotive business more precisely, a business related to cargo transportation. I immediately opened the Internet, magazines, newspapers, in short, I was looking for information about what kind of business it is and what it is eaten with! As a result, I realized one thing - that I didn’t understand anything, in addition, they are engaged in this business either former bosses"Sovdepovskie ATP", which fell into their hands during the "times of general division", or criminal structures. Something at that moment decreased my enthusiasm, but my interest did not disappear, I would even say it increased. I even had to take a ride on the track, talk to the "carriers", they say, too, here, I want to buy a truck. Over the next two or three months, I studied the type of business and did the math. this project. I found out that there are two types of this “transportation” business. The first one is when you went, bought yourself a truck, put the driver behind the steering wheel, sent him on a flight and you sit for yourself, waiting for him to bring you a lot of money for well-trodden flights (this is how I told you in a simplified version). This option was somehow not suitable for me, since there was no money to buy a used Mercedes, which I dreamed about so much, not like a truck! But the second type of this business somehow immediately attracted me. I thought, this is my theme! It consisted in the following... All these truck owners, after all, turn to someone for cargo, look for cargo in order to load the truck and transport the cargo? That's right, they look for and find all sorts of different dispatchers (however, in Russia there were several tens of thousands of them). The task of the dispatcher is to find someone who needs to transport their cargo, and find someone who can transport it. True, there are many more details and subtasks for the dispatcher, but ... more on that separately sometime later. It was in this simple formula “out of thin air” that a small but frequent profit was formed from each flight. And the more trucks you load and the more often they ride back and forth, the more and more profit you get.

As a result, I borrowed 50 thousand rubles from a friend. Registered "LLC" (7000 rubles), rented an office for a month (8000 rubles), bought a computer, fax and printer (20000 rubles) and, of course, connected to the Internet. He left the rest of the money for "provision", you never know what!

First work day. I'm sitting on the Internet rummaging. What I'm looking for, I don't know. On different sites I climb (profile, of course). By that time, I already had contacts of several carriers who agreed that if I had any cargo (for good money), they would be ready to transport it. So I'm sitting on the Internet rummaging, so to speak, looking for clients. And suddenly, inadvertently, I get to a site in which there is a large list of these drivers themselves and the clients themselves, and even all the contacts are there, however, for money (the guys who came up with that site, thank you so much, I will never forget you!).

As a result, I paid a couple of thousand from my current account, got 30-day access to contacts... and go! This is where my work began. I call one, I offer cargo, I call another, I offer transport. And so from 8:00 to 18:00 every day. And I'm not the only one, there are thousands of them in the network and all over Russia. After 18:00 I make all sorts of lists (now these are databases) of drivers and customers who are somehow interested in my proposals. True, sometimes I had to lie, like the fact that the trucks are mine. Who would work with me? Would think, another intermediary! Even though I was like that at the time. Well, what to do something, it was worth starting with something.

As a result, in the first week I shipped about 8 cars and earned 12,000 rubles, in the second another 12 cars, and so on ... in a month I recaptured the "debt" 50 thousand rubles and was very pleased! With accounting and reporting, thank God, my mother helped, she is my accountant with experience.

I work, I work, and in the middle of the second month I go to one customer who ships a lot of cars a day with his products. I'm calling. I propose. I'm being "kicked off". Like, they say, “we have a cloud of our own carriers, you weren’t enough here yet!”. Okay, I think you are not alone in Russia. And I forget about them. Fortunately, this business allows you to cover a large geography, as long as there is a telephone and the Internet. Then I found a couple more small customers, and so little by little, “from the world by a thread”, it seems that the money began to appear.

A few weeks pass, and the New Year is approaching. And then the call. A representative of the plant that “kicked me off” calls and says that they do not have enough cars before the new year, and they began to deliver products to a new region and did not have time to develop contacts with local carriers. They ask to help. Of course, I'm not a vindictive guy! Agreed. But the representative says that we need to meet, discuss the nuances. I agree, meaning by this official acquaintance and conclusion of a written contract with a price agreement. In principle, everything happened just like that, however, in my office, and not at the customer's factory (which surprised me a little). And it was not in vain that I was surprised, because at the end of the conversation I was told that the cost of each transportation for which I agreed should be increased by 1000 rubles, and this amount should be transferred this representative personally and monthly as a reward for the provided contract and support in all matters. I took a couple of days to think. After consulting with experienced people”, came to the conclusion “apparently everyone works this way”.

The customer really turned out to be a very serious client, I delivered 8-10 cars a day to only one of his plants with a profit of 2,000 rubles. And there were three factories. By that time, I had already hired a deputy, an accountant, a couple of dispatchers and a secretary-operator. Work was in full swing. I am constantly on the road, meeting with new clients, carriers, constantly discussing directions of transportation, rates, resolving disputes, etc. In short, what I dreamed of is real business activity! Everything was going great, new lines of business were added, I even had to move the entire business to Moscow. Of course, with most of the staff. Moving to Moscow was accompanied by emotional joy. Buying an apartment, a car, renting a beautiful and spacious office in a modern business center. In short, life has improved!

Business also grew, the company became recognizable in its field. By that time, Wimm-Bill-Dann, Russian Alcohol, Rosstekloprom, Russian Aluminum, etc. were already among the main clients.

With "Wimm-Bill-Dann" in general interesting story happened. They refused to cooperate with us in the field of freight transportation for a very long time. And I got them so badly that they couldn’t see me anymore, except that I didn’t spend the night with them. As a result, I was very well acquainted with the logistics department and its boss, who would not mind working with us, but there are no instructions from above, therefore, there is no contract. As a result, after two months, I “enticed” almost the entire transport department with the boss to join my company. Of course, for very good money. And literally three days later I received a call from the management that almost the entire transport department had quit, and there was no one to deal with the supply of transport. As a result, now my guys were already engaged in supplying vehicles to their former plant. As you understand, I had no problems and now my employees had no problems with this. True, all this was revealed four months later, as a result, they were offered an even better salary, and they again changed employers. Although it was to be expected, since they came so easily, they should have left just as easily. But I drew a lot of conclusions from this situation. First of all, I took a close look at the staff and their motivation, so that in the future, employees would not leave me so easily.

So 2006-2007 passed, then 2008 ended, and by the end of the year I felt something was wrong. Clients somehow strangely began to pay for services, or rather, I would say, they stopped paying at all. And .... here it is CRISIS!

Back in August 2008, our company created a new direction, more precisely, new relationships with financial institutions. Name of the direction: "Management of illiquid transport assets of banks and leasing companies". We were well aware that the problems in the banking sector, first of all, would affect our company. By that time, we were planning to expand the truck fleet and were preparing for a deal with the leasing company "N" to purchase 40 vehicles. The contract value was about 4.8 million euros. Preparation and verification went on for about two months, then the leasing company asked for more additional documents, the consideration dragged on for several more months. As a result, when everyone agreed, and we even received a positive decision from the credit committee signed by the management and stamped, and we were ready to make an advance payment, this leasing company sends us a notice of suspension of financing, because. the head office (in Europe) was not ready for funding. It became clear that if everything is so vague with the leasing company “N”, what should we do with others! Then it was decided to start working with the banking sector under the program "Management of illiquid transport assets". By that time, the crisis had greatly affected the cargo transportation sector, and many companies that failed to prepare for cost optimization measures and develop an anti-crisis strategy began to go bankrupt. Since our company mainly works with mono-customers (where at least 30 regional shipments are made daily from a client), we were ready for harsh competitive conditions.

Leased property was seized and returned to creditors on a daily basis. Banks and leasing companies had no idea what to do with it, sell it? And to whom? All car dealerships and dealers themselves cannot sell their equipment.

We went to the banks and leasing companies with a proposal to manage this truck. Our lawyers and financiers have developed several management options. Basically, we relied on the fact that when managing illiquid assets of banks and leasing companies, their balance of payments remains positive (we pay for debtors), arrears on payments are significantly reduced, and assets are redeemed at the residual value by our company for the year. These measures allowed many banks and leasing companies to get rid of illiquid (problematic) assets.

This area of "Management of illiquid transport assets" allowed our company to avoid risky investments, adapt to the crisis liquidity of transport assets and create required park Vehicle, which is one of the most important competitive advantage in the field of road freight transport.

Briefly, but this is one of the options for how we solved the shortage problem financial resources to expand the park.

My name is Emelyanov Artur. I live and work in the city of Saratov. Four years ago, he organized the transport company "Transit", which today is one of the best in the region. Before opening cargo transportation and starting a business, I ordered detailed business plan, researched the market, determined business prospects. Today, the transport of my company delivers goods throughout Russia.

The financial and organizational side of my business is as follows:

initial investment in the business - from two million rubles;
5 cars of three brands - Gazelle, DAF and RENAULT;
10 drivers (two for each car), two operators, an accountant, a technician, a repairman, two managers;
registered legal entity (LLC);
office near the city center with an area of 60 square meters. I plan to open representative offices in other cities;
monthly income - from 700 thousand rubles.

How to set up a trucking business?

Transportation is serious business which requires responsibility and a competent approach from you.

Pay special attention to the following points:

1. Decide on a line of business. Large transport companies provide a wide range of services - railway, road, sea and air transportation, assistance in paperwork, customs services for goods, and so on.

But at the initial stage, you should not grab onto all directions at once - you can organize a business on cargo transportation on gazelles within the region, and then throughout the country.

With the growth of the company's popularity and increase in profitability, the business can be expanded.

2. Come up with a company name. It should be simple and memorable. Naturally, the name transport company should be associated with transportation, for example, "MashTrans" or "Trans-Auto".

3. Analyze the market. It may seem that the freight market is free. But it's not. There is fierce competition, which will have to be fought for the first 1-2 years.

At the same time, large companies take most of the cargo transportation market (almost half).

20-25% goes to medium-sized companies that have been in this business for a long time and have a solid client base.

10-15% are carriers of a “narrow profile”, which work in one direction and with a specific product.

There are also private traders - about 5-10%. Such people have their own car, which helps to earn a living.

The rest is random and "floating" transportation.

Today, there are more and more reviews that cargo transportation as a business is very dangerous, and competition does not allow to unwind normally. This is wrong.

If you do your job well, take into account the mistakes of competitors and exclude them from yourself, then you can become the best in this business in just a few years.

4. Solve the issue with the design. At the initial stage, IP is enough. With time the best option- registration of LLC.

In this case, you need to prepare the following papers:

charter of the newly formed company. The document should display all the most important information about the new company, its objectives, work goals, line of business, nature of cargo, scope of services provided, and so on;
institution agreement. If you are sole founder business, then there is no need for such paper;
minutes of the meeting of the founders. This document should be drawn up even before the start of any actions, because the head of the company (the main responsible person) is registered in it.

In addition to the listed papers, you will need a document confirming the payment of the state fee and letter of guarantee from the lessor.

After opening a legal entity, you will have two of the most important document- a certificate confirming the registration of the payer, and a certificate of registration. With these, all roads are open.

5. To arrange trans trucking business you will need a room. In this case, the area will depend on the volume of services provided.

At the initial stage, a small control room will suffice - rooms of 20-30 square meters. Most of the space will be occupied by the territory of the fleet and storage facilities.

It will be very difficult to find the necessary area in the central part of the city. But for a transport company, the distance from the center is not critical. You can find premises in the sleeping areas of the city.

At the same time, please note that when registering an LLC, the new premises will become legal address. It will not be possible to conclude such an agreement with a subtenant - you will have to look for the owner.

The average cost of a monthly rental is from 20 thousand rubles, but here a lot depends on the number of cars in the park, the number of employees and other factors.

To study the numerous experience of other entrepreneurs who have created their own successful business with a franchise in the section of our website:

The most successful and informative case according to the editors of the Russtarup portal:

An interesting experience of creating a business under the franchising program is presented

6. Purchase vehicles and equipment. This waste item is one of the biggest. For the first time, you can take one or two "Gazelle".

In this case, it is not necessary to buy a new car - the option with used vehicles is suitable. The main thing is that the car is in good condition and without technical problems.

Another option is leasing. There have been a lot of good deals coming up lately. All that is required is to pay an advance payment (from 20% of the car price) and you can use the equipment.

The advantages of leasing are that you get a new car and it is under warranty. If desired, you can draw up a deal for 2-3 years, which will reduce monthly payments to a minimum.

When choosing a transport, consider the range of services of the company. In addition to the Gazelles, low-frame trawls may be needed (for the transportation of especially heavy and oversized cargo).

The total cost of buying cars and equipment is from 1-2 million rubles.

You have decided to open a transport company

7. With some staff You can wait for the first 2-3 months and perform the functions of a courier, dispatcher and manager yourself. It also makes no sense to hire a separate accountant - the work can be entrusted to a qualified employee of a specialized company.

On the other hand, you can not do without a person who will take on all the operational work. With an increase in the number of orders, you will need your own staff - an accountant, secretary, courier, operators and other employees.

Labor costs - from 20 thousand rubles (at first) and from 150 thousand rubles in the future.

How to open an IP for cargo transportation?

If you do not have the desire or ability to register a legal entity, then at the initial stage you can work as an individual entrepreneur.

All that is needed is to appear at the tax office and bring the following documents:

application in the form;
a receipt confirming payment of the state fee;
copies of the main pages of the passport (as a rule, these are pages with personal data and information about the place of registration);

As a rule, the listed documents are sufficient. Yes, and reviews of the business in cargo transportation from the gurus of their business confirm this. But! Pay special attention to the choice of OKVED codes.

For cargo transportation, the following options are suitable - 63.4 (organization of transportation of goods) and 60.2. The second code includes the activities of other land transport (in our case, this is a car).

How long does it take to open a sole proprietorship?

If you have all the documents and timely appeal to tax office It takes no more than a month to complete all the paperwork. Wherein total costs the procedure will not exceed several thousand rubles.

Table number 1. Potential for consumption of services of transport companies in Russia

What should a business plan contain?

When drawing up a business plan, it is important to pay attention to the following parts:

1. Overview section. It should describe the form of business, the future goals of the company, short review the freight market in a particular region, and so on. This section is very important - it is the rationale for the rest of the project.

2. Description of activity. Here it is important to take into account the direction of the company, the type of cargo transported, the list of services, and so on.

3. Market analysis. This section is entirely devoted to a deeper study of the chosen direction, business prospects, analysis of shortcomings in competitor companies, and making proposals for improving the company's activities.

4. Plan of production activities should contain consistent steps to implement a business project, taking into account all existing risks.

In addition, the section should contain a description of all resources (equipment, technology, premises, personnel, advertising costs) that will be needed when organizing your business.

5. Project costs. This section takes into account all the expenses and income of the business.

Table number 2. Growth of the cargo transportation industry in Russia

How much does it cost to open a trucking company?

Costs may vary. The most budget option is to use a gazelle for a cargo transportation business and the reviews of experienced entrepreneurs confirm this.

In this case, the expenses will be as follows:

rent of a small office - from 20 thousand rubles per month;
registration - from 10 thousand rubles;
purchase of machinery and equipment - from 500 thousand rubles (when leasing, you can get by with a smaller amount);
staff remuneration - from 80 thousand rubles (3-4 employees are enough);
advertising - from 20 thousand rubles.

Does it make sense to open a business from scratch or is it better to buy a ready-made business?

Here you should focus on the capabilities of your wallet. If there is an amount of 2-3 million rubles, then you can buy a ready-made and formalized business.

Otherwise, it is better to gradually develop yourself. Moreover, the costs are relatively small.

Hello dear readers. Today, under the heading “Sharing experience”, Evgeny Mironov answered my questions, a 20-year-old entrepreneur engaged in cargo transportation in his city of Angarsk with a population of 240,000 people. If you are interested in the cargo transportation business, then you will be doubly interested in learning from Evgeny's experience. In my opinion, the article turned out to be interesting! So, let's begin.

Hey Eugene! What is the name and what does your company do? How many are already on the market?

Hi Nikolay! The company is called Angarsk Center freight transportation". It has only been on the market for 5 months. Initially, when I started providing transport services, then these were: special. equipment, minibuses, car rental, etc. But it turned out to be very difficult to advertise several services at once, so I decided to deal only with cargo transportation and the provision of services of loaders-handymen.

The workflow is like this. The client calls us, orders cargo transportation or loaders, we accept the order and give it to the executor of the order (driver or loaders) and get a percentage of the order. In fact, it turns out that we are selling a client. And we also provide services on an ongoing basis with full-time drivers with a l / a. Thus, it is more profitable and safer.

Those. Are you basically a dispatcher?

Well, basically yes, I am an ordinary dispatcher who is looking for cargo for transportation and passes it to the driver. But on the other hand, no, because I have this moment several cars are already working on a permanent basis in the company. In general, I am gradually moving from the status of "dispatcher" to the status of "transport company".

How many employees do you have?

Not much, we are a very small company, but we are growing fast. Currently in the state:

1 dispatcher;
1 ad poster;
1 contracted driver with a personal truck;
4 loaders;
1 person on advertising, monitors the site, promotes, takes orders, etc.;
and the rest from order to order.

Who are your main clients and what orders come in most often?

Clients are mostly private individuals, but now companies are starting to appear with which we work for delivery to the nearest cities. Different orders come: to move furniture from one apartment to another, to help rearrange some things, to deliver different goods from one point to another, etc. And there was even one interesting order, to translate a live boar :) Initially, of course, there was some kind of fear: “What if something goes wrong, or an accident?” In the meantime, the cargo is traveling and being in the car, I am fully responsible for it! In the end, we did a great job with it :) The client was satisfied! And this is the main thing!

Is this your first business or have you done something else before? How did you get into business in general and why exactly business, and not work for "Uncle"?

From early childhood, I tried to work for myself, and I didn’t have a great desire to work for some “uncle”, so when I was little I tried to trade something, carry passengers on my scooter for money, etc. Therefore, further in life there was no particular doubt where to go and what to do.

I tried to do different business, but not always everything went smoothly, maybe because of a little entrepreneurial experience, but I'm constantly learning :) For example, I was also engaged in slate. Buying low and selling high high price. To be honest, in my city this is an ideal business with almost no start-up capital. You only need to have a house with a plot, a couple of phones and advertising, of course :). The business is mostly seasonal, so I had to look for something on a permanent basis and settled on cargo transportation.

Why Freight?

There is no definite answer here. Maybe because you can enter it without initial funds and still get used to it as a dispatch office. Or maybe I'm just good at it.

What is the income/turnover or net profit in business (average)?

The average turnover depends entirely on you and advertising. The more you work, the more you will get. When I first started, I had an average turnover of 3000-5000 rubles. in Week. Now, after many attempts, testing and hard work, the income is on average 80,000-100,000 rubles. per month. I think it's a good result in just 5 months of work, without having a personal fleet.

What are the difficulties and nuances in your business and what did you encounter when you first started?

As in any business, there are difficulties and pitfalls. And, of course, I am no exception. The first thing that was difficult was contracts with drivers, because they are the owners, why should they work for our low prices? Still, of course, high competition in my city. Well, constant monitoring of the condition of the car, drivers and loaders, so that there is no such thing that there is an order, but there are no workers.

Another difficulty was and is a set of loaders. It often happened that a person did the work, but did not give a percentage of the order, he simply disappeared and that's it. Because of this, they often did not want to do anything, they gave up. Indeed, you give a person a job, try to find orders, and he acts like a pig. We have to let a lot of people go through the company in search of adequate and responsible guys.

What are your business development plans?

As always, there are many plans. I would like to buy a couple of my own cars, open an office and raise the income bar at least 2-3 times. We are also starting to work with companies. Recently entered into an agreement with one company for transportation household chemicals on an ongoing basis for weekly pay. The amounts there are completely different and it's interesting.

The main ones are still: Avito, Yandex.Direct, Google Adwords, banners around the city, business cards and posting ads. But the most important source of advertising is word of mouth. After all, we live in Russia and there has never been good service here. And we try to serve the client on high level, we try to save his time and money, so we are often recommended to others.

What documents, permits and other formalities did you need?

If you just start, try, then documents and permissions are not needed at all. If the income has gone, you want to work officially, do more large-scale advertising and work with companies, then you need at least an individual entrepreneur. I collected all the documents, ran through the state. organs and all. And in my work I only need contracts with employees. If I was engaged in the transportation of people, then I would need to obtain a license, but in my work I can do without it.

I think everyone should answer this question for themselves. After all, each person has a soul for different things. But I will say one thing, if you approach this type of business correctly, you can get a good return. And most importantly, it is desire and aspiration!

And finally, give some advice to readers who want to also do cargo transportation in their city.

Well, first you need a great desire and love for what you do. You also need to understand that the quality of service is the best advertisement. At the start, you should immediately decide what exactly you are doing: a dispatch service or, in the future, a full-fledged transport company. Next, you need to know how you will differ from others and correctly think over the prices for services.

Let me tell you about advertising. The site and advertising in Yandex and Google work best. Posting ads only works when the whole city is covered and it is advisable to make the background of the ad red or yellow so that it is clearly visible what you are offering and the phone number (preferably home, because it is quickly remembered than mobile).

You also need to hire workers, the more the better (so that there is no such thing as an order but no performers). It is also necessary to make special offers for legal entities, because they generally bring more profit. Well, give the opportunity to choose payment: hourly, by mileage and by weight. Otherwise, try, experiment and everything will work out!

Thank you, Eugene, for answering questions. Good luck in business!

Dear readers, if you have questions for Eugene, then ask them in the comments!

Cargo transportation as a business is a promising investment. It is impossible to imagine without cargo transportation modern life. Delivery of goods to stores, medicines to pharmacies, personal belongings and other objects requires specialized transport. If you correctly organize a business for cargo transportation, you can make a good profit.

What services can a shipping company provide?

The main task of the company is the movement of goods from one point to another. The specifics of the activities of the services can vary greatly. Conventionally, they can be divided into several types:

Moving objects to various settlements in Russia. The service is often required for enterprises that deliver manufactured goods from a warehouse to a customer, in outlet, to another warehouse, etc. The type and size of the transported cargo will depend on the capabilities of the vehicles available in the company's fleet.
Moving from one point to another. It can be a private, warehouse, office move, etc. It is necessary to transport furniture, personal belongings and other items.
Garbage removal. This service can be carried out not only in the presence of special equipment, but also small trucks. Customers can be manufacturing companies and private citizens.
Specific shipping. They are carried out with special equipment. For example, timber trucks, manipulators, etc.
Additional services

The trucking company, in order to get more income and interest from customers, can provide the following additional services:

Services of loaders. Often, along with the service of moving cargo, movers are required who can load objects at the beginning of the journey and unload at the destination.
Cargo packing. When moving, the service of packing things is relevant so that they do not deform during the move. This service can also be offered to clients.
Cargo insurance. With this service, customers will be able to recover damages if the goods receive any defect during transportation, depending or not dependent on the fault of the driver.
Customs declaration. The offer is relevant for the transportation of goods between countries. Here you will have to draw up a package of papers for the declaration and movement of goods through customs.
Auto forwarding. This is a door-to-door service. All transportation concerns are taken over by the carrier company. It arranges delivery without the presence of the consignor or consignee.

Registration of documents

The trucking business belongs to the type of small business, since the number of staff will be less than 15 people. So you can open an LLC or IP. Each option has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Society with limited liability(LLC) is a legal entity that will be responsible for the company's property and authorized capital. Individual entrepreneur is individual. He will have to answer with his personal property. But IP is easier to open, close and keep records.

To register an individual entrepreneur, you need to visit the tax office at the place of registration. Applications are written there in the form P21001. It includes data about the future businessman and OKVED codes. Before submitting an application, you need to pay a state fee of 800 rubles.

After registering a business, perform the following tasks:

becoming an employer to be registered with the insurance fund;
printing production;
establishment of a bank account;
ensuring the availability of accounting.

If as legal form LLC is selected, it is better to choose the UTII taxation system. During registration individual entrepreneurship there will be a choice between five tax regimes. To determine the appropriate one, it will be necessary to take into account the number of pieces of equipment and many other factors. The most acceptable forms for individual entrepreneurs are the simplified tax system and UTII.

Room selection

After completing the paperwork, the organization of cargo transportation consists in finding office space and car park. The first room can be rented in a large business center. It will house the dispatcher and will receive customers. It is cheaper to rent an office in a call center. Dispatchers can comfortably accommodate on 20 m2.

When choosing a fleet, preference should be given to fenced and guarded areas that are located close to transport interchanges. You can even pay attention to warehouses and hangars, which can accommodate a fleet of vehicles and premises for office workers.

In the presence of Money you can buy your own commercial space for office. At big company the trucking company should have its own garage with a mechanic to repair and maintain the transport. You may also need a warehouse where the goods of customers can temporarily be located.

Arrangement of the control room

In the control room you need to purchase furniture and office equipment. This will require the purchase of chairs, tables, laptops or computers, telephones and printers according to the number of employees in the office. Be sure to connect the Internet, a telephone line, buy stationery.
To receive clients, you need to install a small sofa in the office. You will also need a filing cabinet. The office must have electricity. The arrangement of the control room will take about 100,000 rubles. Every month you will have to buy additional stationery, pay for electricity, telephone and Internet.

Purchase of transport

During the acquisition of equipment for starting a cargo transportation business from scratch, the size of the start-up capital and the nature of the services that the company will provide are important. You can have only one Gazelle in your fleet, or you can get a number of heavy vehicles. Used foreign cars are comfortable and rarely break down, but Russian cars cheaper to repair.

For the transport of goods within locality Gazelle will do. They are maneuverable, so they quickly solve their tasks in an urban environment. They can be driven by a person who does not have a license category for trucks. Such a machine is inexpensive to maintain and has low fuel consumption. To save money, you can install on it gas equipment. Buying a used Gazelle will cost about 300,000 rubles.

For transportation of products choose tent cars. For larger loads, a trailer is suitable. Perishable products must be transported in isothermal vans or refrigerators. Zil-Bychok is perfect for moving, as it has good cross-country ability.
For 800,000 thousand rubles, you can buy a Mercedes / MAN car that can hold up to 5 tons of cargo. But with such an amount, you can only count on a used model, since a new car costs 10 million rubles. To drive a 5-ton truck, you need a license with an open cargo category. When buying such transport, the range of services is wider, the ability to carry large masses and volumes, so the profit will be higher.

For the purchase of 10 and 20 tons, more than 2 million rubles will be needed. The highest quality brands are SCANIA and Volvo. The main purpose of such vehicles is the transportation of goods over long distances.

Trucks "Gazelle"

A full-fledged truck fleet for the transportation of goods consists of the following pieces of equipment:

small-sized machines up to 8 tons;
large machines up to 25 tons;
cars with a thermobox;
special equipment, including lifting equipment;
container ship;
tow truck.

Recruitment

Conventionally, employees of a cargo transportation company are divided into two categories:

Operator-dispatcher, manager, accountant.
Drivers, auto mechanic, loaders.

Support staff

The operator-dispatcher must communicate with customers, take orders, contact drivers, help other office workers in the absence of workload. The main requirements for the operator of the dispatch service:

correct speech;
sociability;
ability to work in multitasking mode;
good logic and memory.

The approximate salary of an employee is 20,000 rubles.

A good manager is needed to manage the organization, draw up contracts, reports and other duties. He can also deal with the marketing affairs of the company. Main requirements:

experience;
higher education in this profile (for example, a logistics manager);
literacy;
responsibility.

His salary will be 45,000 rubles.

Depending on the size of the company, an accountant and a lawyer may be required. For their services, you can contact an outsourcing company. Large organizations in the state have medical workers who inspect drivers before the start of the shift.

Car park for cargo transportation

Drivers

The number of drivers will depend on the number and type of vehicles. It is desirable to have 2 drivers for one heavy truck in order to increase the speed of cargo delivery. If the company works every day, then each car will have to hire several drivers and schedule working days with weekends. What is required from the driver:

open category for the desired transport;
driving experience;
experience.

The driver's salary is formed based on the work performed. For example, for an employee on a Gazelle, it can be 30,000 rubles, and on a truck from 70,000 rubles. The salary of each employee is average. The exact amount varies by region.

It will be possible to save on auto mechanics if drivers themselves are able to carry out car repairs. If not, then he will have to be hired. You will also need to hire movers who are sufficiently qualified and do not drink alcohol. They must be able to manually and with the help of special equipment to perform loading and unloading manipulations.

The choice of employees must be approached responsibly. You can stand out among other cargo transportation companies with the help of quality service, which largely depends on the literacy of employees.

Trucking company advertisement

How to start a cargo transportation business in order to provide the company with work and customers - with promotional events. To search for clients, use the following steps:

posting ads on special boards;
company advertising in Internet resources visited by city residents;
advertising in print media;
distribution of leaflets near salons household appliances and furniture;
advertising in local media;
distribution of business cards.

It is necessary to conclude a contract with dispatch services. If you intend to cooperate with legal entities, then you need to send them commercial offers. You can offer competitive conditions and participate in tenders. Customers need to issue discount cards. Or order a batch of souvenirs or stationery with company logos.

Correct marketing strategy is able to make the company a leader among similar organizations for cargo transportation in the region. We need to try to attract more customers, and offer regular customers profitable terms cooperation in the form of bonuses.

Is business expansion possible?

If the company has reached the stage when all the resources for cargo transportation are fully loaded, then you can think about expanding. It will be directed to the purchase of new machines and the development of new markets. It is necessary to acquire new machines, based on the workload of a particular type of equipment. Market development is carried out in the following way:

opening an office in another city;
following new routes;
provision of various additional services.

To open a full-fledged trucking company, you will need a large start-up capital. If it is not there, then you can start working on your own at the Gazelle and strive to further expand your small business.

A trucking company can provide a wide range of additional services to generate more income and interest from customers.

Here you will learn about a business in cargo transportation, how to open it, start it, you can download an example plan for organizing this business.

Having your own business and working for your own profit is an idea that everyone can enjoy. But just what kind of business to do? If you have the right to drive a car of category "C" and "B", then the answer suggests itself. You can organize a service that specializes in cargo transportation. In order to open cargo transportation, you need to draw up a detailed business plan for your future enterprise, an example of which is presented below.

Where to start and how to open your own business

For many, the expression “I want to do trucking” is a key moment in starting a business, but it’s not enough just to wish, because you still need to know how to start trucking from scratch and open your business the right way.

Your "Jedi" path should look like this:

Drawing up a business plan.
Drafting of all necessary contracts and agreements.
Purchase of transport and, if necessary, special equipment: gazelles, trucks, kamaz trucks, etc.
Registration of a cargo transportation business - we open an IP.
Office rent (if needed).
Hiring labor force (if needed).
Advertising your business.

How to open an IP

Of course, if you have any large organization, then you will already have to open an LLC. But if you decide to do small cargo transportation, i.e. have a small number of trucks, gazelles and staff (or even do everything on your own), then you need to register as an individual entrepreneur. It's very simple.

How to open an IP for cargo transportation:

It is necessary to prepare a standard package of documents:
Pay state duty.
Submit an application to the tax office, in which you need to indicate passport data, contact phone number, OKVED activity code - code 60.24 for cargo transportation. Depending on the number of activities, there may be several codes. They are all located nearby.

You can do all this either yourself, or provide a power of attorney to your representative, which he did for you.

Business plan

Overview section of the project

This section indicates the purpose of the project, which refers to the creation of the enterprise itself, which will be engaged in the provision of cargo transportation services on medium commercial vehicles.

The scheme of work of the organization includes the acceptance of an order by the dispatcher for the implementation of cargo transportation, then the transfer of the order to the driver and, accordingly, its execution by the latter. The enterprise should be focused on the demand from the consumer, i.e. of people.

Description of the enterprise

Cargo transportation will be carried out by a separate entrepreneur. In this case, this is the most best option, which allows you to reduce the tax burden on the organization and minimize accounting. In the event that an entrepreneur carries out cargo transportation in less than 20 vehicles, then single tax for temporary income.

Freight market analysis

Before you start your own business, it is worth doing a market segment analysis. Is no exception here and cargo transportation. Opening the local press, you will see that there are not so many ads offering this kind of service. Therefore, you should first find out:

who is your future competitor;
on what machines he carries out cargo transportation;
who are his clients, what cargoes he transports;
what is the cost of their services.

After analyzing all this data, you can find out how you should proceed.

If, after analyzing the freight market, you have not abandoned the idea of opening own business, then next you need to develop an action plan for marketing and attracting customers. It must necessarily include the development, placement and distribution of advertising of the enterprise and cargo transportation services in the media. It will not be superfluous to distribute flyers, distribution of business cards in those stores that sell building materials, household appliances, furniture. You can think of a system of discounts for regular customers.

Enterprise production plan

Before the full functioning of the enterprise, it is worth buying several cars, on which cargo transportation will be carried out. You can take, for example, 1-2 GAZelles. You will also need to rent boxes for storing and parking your cars.

When you are just starting your business, you can fill up cars at a retail price at a gas station. If things go well and you want to expand your trucking fleet, you can conclude an agreement with gas stations, according to which fuel will be purchased at a better price.

As for the personnel, 1 driver, 1 dispatcher will be needed. The entrepreneur himself can act as a second driver. Freight accounting can be done by a company specializing in this. You will also need two or three loaders. It is better to negotiate with them about a piece-rate payment.

Enterprise expenses

Below is a list of estimated costs (in rubles):

Purchase of cars - 1000 000
Office space rental (per month) – 10,000
Box rental — 10,000
fuel and lubricants - 40,000
Payroll Fund - 30,000
Advertising - 10 000
Other expenses - 20,000
Total — 1,120,000

It can be seen from the data that in order to organize a cargo transportation service, an initial capital of 1,120 thousand rubles will be needed.

Income

On average, a cargo transportation service earns about 150 thousand rubles on two cars per month. Net proceeds will be about 50 thousand. It turns out that self-sufficiency can be reached in 2 years. In the event that cars are rented, the payback period is reduced to 3-4 months.