Gas turbines power machines. Prospects for Russian gas turbine manufacturers

Analysts predict the onset of an era of gas. No one doubts the high efficiency of combined cycle plants. Increasingly, they talk about the need for distributed generation, and not based on diesel fuel but on cleaner sources. It would seem that there are all conditions for the rapid development of the market for ground-based gas turbines.

looking back

Historically, in our country, the production of steam turbines has developed more actively than gas turbines. At the leading enterprises producing turbines for the power industry - the Nevsky Plant (St. Petersburg) and the Ural Turbine Plant (UTZ, Yekaterinburg), the first gas turbines were produced only in the 1950s. In the Soviet Union, stakes were placed on coal, oil and other calorific sources.

Gas turbines were developed primarily for aircraft construction. It is not surprising that competences in the development of industrial gas turbines (including power ones) sometimes go back to the creators of aircraft engines. So, in the 1990s. On the basis of NPP "Mashproekt" (Ukraine), the development of power gas turbines based on engines created by NPO "Saturn" for aircraft began. Today, the production of ground power equipment based on NPO Saturn engines is carried out by Saturn - Gas Turbines OJSC (Rybinsk, Yaroslavl Region, part of United Engine Corporation OJSC).

A similar story took place at OAO Permsky engine plant”, which mastered the production of gas turbine power plants based on the developments of Aviadvigatel OJSC (Perm).

Probably, all this predetermined the current state of affairs. And it is such that today there is no talk of a boom in the gas turbine market - this is recognized by both manufacturers and sellers, as well as buyers. Rather, it is stabilizing.

The market for gas pumping and power generating gas turbine equipment in the range of unit capacity 2.5- 25 MW for 2010-12 (Source: Lift Force magazine)

Cooperation is on trend

The number of enterprises producing gas turbines in our country is very limited, no more than ten. There are even fewer enterprises producing ground equipment based on gas turbines. Among them are the already mentioned CJSC Nevsky Plant (part of CJSC REP Holding), OJSC Saturn - Gas Turbines and OJSC Perm Motor Plant. At the same time, in general, the nominal generated power of the serial products of these enterprises does not exceed 25 MW. There are several machines put into operation with a unit capacity of 110 MW based on the developments of NPO Saturn, but today the design of the hot part of these industrial turbines continues to be fine-tuned.

For this reason, high-capacity turbines for creating large generation facilities are supplied mainly by foreign companies. Russian enterprises with similar competencies are striving to enter into cooperation with world leaders, which are General Electric, Alstom, Siemens and Solar Turbines (a subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc).

For example, OJSC Power Machines (St. Petersburg), which previously produced its own gas turbines, is now developing this area only in cooperation with Siemens. In 2011, a joint venture, OOO Siemens Gas Turbine Technologies, was established. The tasks of the joint venture are not only production, but also the development of new products.

CJSC UTZ also suspended the production of gas turbines developed several decades ago. According to Mikhail Lifshits, Chairman of the Board of Directors of UTZ, the company today operates in a highly competitive environment. Accordingly, a number of applied solutions are the transfer of technologies from abroad. In 2014, localization of the production of components for the hot path of large gas turbines is planned here - this is one of the key areas of development for the plant.

OAO Saturn - Gas Turbines offers a package (complete unit) on the market based on turbines produced by Solar Turbines, GE and Rolls-Royce. REP Holding cooperates with GE Oil & Gas (Nuovo Pignone S.p.A.).

At the production facilities of Nevsky Zavod CJSC (photo by REP Holding CJSC)

Powerful Turbines: Unpredictable Demand

At the same time, not all world leaders are interested in organizing the production of high-capacity gas turbines in Russia, and one of the reasons for this is the unstable demand for products. For example, Alstom, which has joint ventures in Russia and the world in a number of areas, has so far refrained from creating gas turbine production in our country. So major projects the supplies sold by the company are provided by imports.

“Over the past few years, the growth in demand for gas turbines in Russia has been determined by the CSA mechanisms [Power Delivery Agreements - Note. ed.], - explains Andrey Lavrinenko, vice president of Alstom Power in Russia, the CIS countries and Georgia. — Now all the main equipment has been contracted under the CSA, demand has decreased accordingly, and all energy market participants live in an era of expectation of changes. The absence of a new incentive mechanism and an approved market model significantly complicates the long-term, medium-term and operational planning implementation of certain projects.

It should be noted that the demand for gas turbines also depends on the level of energy consumption. Energy consumption in Russia has been growing steadily since 2010. But, according to experts, after several years of growth in demand for electricity in Russia, stagnation may occur, an increase in demand in 2013-2014. will be about 1% per year or even less.

“The biggest challenge for turbine manufacturers is forecasting market demand in a volatile environment,” admits Pierpaolo Mazza, CEO divisions on distribution of the electric power of GE company in Russia and the CIS.

According to Dmitry Solovyov, Deputy Chief Designer of OAO Saturn - Gas Turbines, similar reasons keep Russian companies from mastering the production of high power gas turbines.

“For the production of powerful gas turbine units (GTU) it is necessary special equipment, machines with large diameters, vacuum welding machines with chambers of the order of 5 by 5 m, he says. - To create such a production, you need to be confident in the sales market. And for this, the country should have a long-term program for the development of the energy sector, perhaps then enterprises will begin to invest in the modernization of the base.”

GT 24/ GT 26 gas turbine testing (photo by Alstom)

Medium - in the lead

However, the lack of predictable prospects should not be interpreted as a lack of demand. There is certainly a demand, including for turbines with a capacity of more than 150 MW, and the proof of this is the projects carried out with their use by order of large generating companies - Fortum, IES Holding, etc. However, according to Andrey Lavrinenko, in connection with the completion of the CSA program is expected to increase interest in power units of smaller capacity, requiring less capital costs, But at the same time decisive questions increase energy efficiency and payback.

“Now the demand is primarily for small gas turbines, which are becoming more common in the ever-growing sector of distributed energy generation,” Pierpaolo Mazza also notes. “This market will benefit from versatile, economical and reliable installations such as aircraft-powered gas turbines.”

Gas turbines with a capacity of 4, 8, 16, 25 MW are a segment in which Russian manufacturers, who have already felt the market trend, mainly operate. Thus, REP Holding notes that on this moment The greatest demand is for units with a capacity of 16-25 MW, as well as a little less - 4-12 MW, which can be operated both at new construction sites and at reconstructed stations. Not surprisingly, the company is now working on a new 16 MW unit in collaboration with GE.

Dmitry Solovyov also connects the growth of the sales market with the development of the regional energy sector and the commissioning of medium-capacity generating facilities. For example, now within pilot project Energy Efficiency Improvement Programs in Russian Regions Saturn - Gas Turbines is completing construction and putting into operation CCGT-CHPP-52 in Tutaev, Yaroslavl Region, where four gas turbine units of 8 MW each will be installed. Based on the market situation, the main product that the company is working on today is power units with a capacity of 10-25 MW.

At the same time, the development of small distributed generation facilities based on gas turbines owned industrial enterprises seems to be less promising. “Suppose, during the day, the enterprise uses the energy of the gas turbine for its own needs, but where should it be directed at night? D. Solovyov poses the question. - It turns out that it is necessary to trade on the electricity market, and this is not so simple, agreements with the energy system are needed. If an enterprise does not use its generation facility at full capacity, then its payback suffers.”

Small but useful

As is known, the pace of development of distributed generation (in particular, with the use of gas turbine power plants) in Russia is still significantly lower than in developed countries, where low-capacity cogeneration units are commonplace. The situation will change with us, the only question is when.

Production of gas turbines (photo by OAO Saturn - Gas Turbines)

“With the rise in energy prices, enterprises that have their own gas boilers are increasingly asking themselves the question of increasing energy efficiency,” says Alexander Sidorov, technical director of Turboenergy and Service LLC (Perm). “For these purposes, when heat generation is a paramount task, and electricity generation is a factor in increasing energy efficiency, small-capacity gas turbine units are being used.”

Nevertheless, A. Sidorov admits that the main difficulty for companies supplying small-capacity turbines is the insufficient solvency of potential customers. Still, despite low cost energy generated by gas turbines, the initial cost of equipment, which is determined by the cost of materials, the complexity of manufacturing and assembly technologies, is quite high.

In addition, microturbines have to compete with gas-powered power plants, and the advantage is not always on the side of the former, although microturbine systems have their advantages - fewer moving parts and higher generated power per unit area. In addition, the main part of the released thermal energy is not distributed, but concentrated in one place, which creates an opportunity for its further use.

In the service of the oil industry

It is impossible not to mention one more, traditional segment of the gas turbine market - generation facilities at oil and gas fields and main gas pipelines. The reasons for the popularity of gas turbines are obvious here - the fuel, as they say, is "at hand". Gas turbine power plants make it possible to effectively utilize associated petroleum gas, solving not only the problem of energy supply, but also the rational use of hydrocarbon resources.

According to the observations of specialists from OAO Saturn - Gas Turbines, in the pre-crisis 2006-2008. there was a surge in demand from the oil industry. Moreover, turbines were introduced to process associated petroleum gas and generate electricity not only for the needs of fields, but also for the population. The company received a large number of such orders from OAO TNK-BP. Today, demand is at a stable level. Naturally, manufacturers are improving turbines for this market.

“In our opinion, enterprises engaged in oil production in fields with a low (absent) gas factor should be in demand for newly developed turbines with a capacity of 1.8 MW, operating on crude oil and complex fuels,” Alexander Sidorov shares his opinion. — Another additional direction development is the use of radial turbines as installations operating on gas with a high content of hydrogen sulfide (up to 5%), which makes it possible to do without the design and construction of additional gas treatment units.

It should be noted that structurally radial turbines differ from the more common axial ones in the organization of the movement of air and heat flows. Radial are designed primarily for the power supply of small consumers. REP Holding experts note that radial turbines have advantages in terms of efficiency at low flow rates of the working fluid, but it is difficult for them to ensure operability at high temperatures. Accordingly, they find wide application in low-temperature utilization plants and in ceramic microturbines. For other areas, only axial turbines are still suitable (and used).

GTES-12, Rybinsk (photo by JSC Saturn - Gas Turbines)

Get even better

Obviously, modern trends in improving gas turbines are not limited to innovations for the oil industry. Let's take a few more examples.

First of all, all manufacturers strive to increase efficiency. Russian companies note that, when developing new products, it is important for them to surpass the products of foreign competitors precisely in this indicator, and not only (and not so much) in terms of power. However, if here we are talking about a coefficient of 34%, then Western colleagues are already aiming at 38% efficiency. The Alstom GT13E2 turbine, upgraded in 2012, achieved this level of efficiency in a simple cycle while improving performance across the entire load range.

Another direction is to reduce the number of nodes in the turbine in order to increase reliability, reduce maintenance and reduce downtime during diagnostics. technical condition. It is difficult to say whether such steps in improving the design will radically advance in solving the problem of high cost. after-sales service, which Russian companies that bought imported turbines began to actively complain about a few years ago. But let's hope so.

The creators of turbines also strive to make them unpretentious to the characteristics of the gas used in the installations and to provide the ability to operate on liquid fuel. In the West, there is also concern that, regardless of the composition of the gas used, the turbine has good environmental performance.

GTES-12 Penyagino, Moscow (photo by JSC Saturn - Gas Turbines)

For the energy of the future

And, finally, another important area of ​​improvement is associated with the rapid development of generation based on renewable energy sources in the world and the prospects for the introduction of "smart grids".

Initially, gas turbines were created as equipment that provides constant power output, but the introduction of RES into the power system automatically requires flexibility from other generation facilities. This flexibility makes it possible to ensure a stable power level in the network when there is insufficient renewable energy generation, for example, on calm or cloudy days.

Accordingly, a turbine for a smart grid must easily adapt to changes in the network and be designed for regular starts and stops without loss of resource, which was not possible with traditional gas turbines. Certain progress in this direction has already been achieved. For example, GE reports that the new FlexEfficiency gas turbine is capable of reducing power from 750 MW to 100 MW and then gaining baseline in 13 minutes, and when used with solar power plants will have an efficiency of up to 71%.

However, for the foreseeable future, the most common way to use gas turbines will still be their usual combination with steam turbines in combined cycle plants. And our country still has a long way to go before it can be said that the market is sufficiently saturated with such cogeneration facilities.

Kira Patrakova

On the first photo: 3D model of the gas turbine GT13E2 (Alstom)
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In August 2012, our country became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This circumstance will inevitably lead to increased competition in the domestic market of power engineering. Here, as elsewhere, the law applies: "change or die." Without revising the technology and without carrying out a deep modernization, it will be almost impossible to fight the sharks of Western engineering. In this regard, issues related to the development of modern equipment operating as part of combined cycle plants (CCGTs) are becoming more and more urgent.

Over the past two decades, combined cycle technology has become the most popular in the global energy sector - it accounts for up to two thirds of all generating capacities commissioned today on the planet. This is due to the fact that in combined-cycle plants, the energy of the burned fuel is used in a binary cycle - first in a gas turbine, and then in a steam one, and therefore CCGT is more efficient than any thermal power plant (TPP) operating only in a steam cycle.

At present, the only area in the thermal power industry in which gas turbine manufacturers from Russia are critically behind the world's leading manufacturers is high-capacity gas turbines - 200 MW and more. Moreover, foreign leaders have not only mastered the production of gas turbines with a unit capacity of 340 MW, but also successfully tested and use a single-shaft CCGT layout, when a gas turbine with a capacity of 340 MW and a steam turbine with a capacity of 160 MW have a common shaft. This arrangement allows to significantly reduce the construction time and the cost of the power unit.

The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia in March 2011 adopted the "Strategy for the development of power engineering Russian Federation for 2010–2020 and until 2030”, according to which this direction in the domestic power engineering industry receives solid support from the state. As a result, by 2016, the Russian power engineering industry should carry out industrial development, including full-scale tests and refinement on its own test benches, of advanced gas turbine units (GTP) with a capacity of 65-110 and 270-350 MW and combined-cycle plants (CCP) running on natural gas with an increase in their coefficient of performance (COP) up to 60%.

Moreover, gas turbine manufacturers from Russia are able to produce all the main units of CCGT - steam turbines, boilers, turbogenerators, but a modern gas turbine is not yet given. Although back in the 70s, our country was a leader in this direction, when for the first time in the world supercritical steam parameters were mastered.

In general, as a result of the implementation of the Strategy, it is assumed that the share of power unit projects using foreign main power equipment should be no more than 40% by 2015, no more than 30% by 2020, and no more than 10% by 2025 . It is believed that otherwise there may be a dangerous dependence of the stability of the unified energy system of Russia on the supply of foreign components. During the operation of power equipment, it is regularly necessary to replace a number of components and parts operating at high temperatures and pressures. At the same time, some of these components are not produced in Russia. For example, even for the domestic gas turbine GTE-110 and licensed GTE-160, some of the most important components and parts (for example, disks for rotors) are purchased only abroad.

In our market, such large and advanced concerns as Siemens and General Electric are actively and very successfully operating, which often win tenders for the supply of power equipment. There are already several generating facilities in the Russian energy system, to some extent equipped with the main power equipment manufactured by Siemens, General Electric, etc. True, their total capacity does not yet exceed 5% of the total capacity of the Russian energy system.

However, many generating companies that use domestic equipment when replacing it still prefer to turn to firms with which they have been accustomed to work for decades. This is not just a tribute to tradition, but a justified calculation - many Russian companies have carried out a technological upgrade of production and are fighting on an equal footing with the world's power engineering giants. Today we will talk in more detail about the prospects of such large enterprises, as Kaluga Turbine Plant JSC (Kaluga), Ural Turbine Plant CJSC (Yekaterinburg), NPO Saturn (Rybinsk, Yaroslavl Region), Leningrad Metal Plant (St. Petersburg) , Perm Motor Building Complex (Perm Territory).

Tests of Russia's first high-capacity gas turbine were suspended due to an accident. This will delay the start of its production and require new investments - Power Machines may join the project as an investor

Gas turbine plant GTD-110M (Photo: Union of Machine Builders of Russia)

Tests of Russia's first high-capacity gas turbine GTD-110M (up to 120 MW) have been halted due to failed mechanisms, the TASS news agency reported. This was confirmed to RBC by representatives of the engineering center "Gas Turbine Technologies", which conducted the tests, and two of its shareholders - "Rosnano" and the United Engine Corporation (UEC) "Rostec".

“In the process of testing the GTD-110M gas turbine unit, an accident occurred, as a result of which the turbine was actually damaged,” a representative of the Gas Turbine Technologies Research Center told RBC. The purpose of the tests was to identify design flaws in order to avoid serious incidents in the process. industrial operation in the power grid, he added. The UEC representative clarified that a number of mechanisms failed in December 2017, so the tests had to be stopped until the problems were fixed.

The development of its own high-power turbine in Russia has been carried out for a long time, but without much success, and in 2013 the subsidiary of UEC UEC-Saturn signed an investment agreement with Rusnano and Inter RAO to create a new generation turbine - GTD-110M, which was developed by the Gas Turbine Technologies Research Center. Inter RAO received 52.95% in this project, the Fund for Infrastructure and educational programs Rosnano - 42.34%, UEC-Saturn - 4.5%, the remaining 0.21% from non-profit partnership CIET. Rosnano was supposed to finance the project and contribute 2.5 billion rubles to the authorized capital, Interfax wrote in 2013, citing a source close to one of the parties. The corporation participated in financing the project, its representative confirms. According to SPARK, the authorized capital of the engineering center is 2.43 billion rubles. In 2016, Gas Turbine Technologies also received a subsidy from the Ministry of Industry and Trade in the amount of 328 million rubles. for partial compensation of R&D costs in priority areas, follows from the data of the system.

Sanctioned turbines

Russia is in dire need of a domestic high-capacity gas turbine. Last year, due to the lack of its own technologies, Rostec's subsidiary Technopromexport, despite the sanctions, was forced to supply German Siemens turbines to new power plants in Crimea, which led to an international scandal. Siemens announced the suspension of work with Russian state-owned companies, and Technopromexport, as well as its head Sergei Topor-Gilka and two officials from the Ministry of Energy - Andrey Cherezov and Evgeny Grabchak - fell under European and American sanctions.

It was planned that the tests would be completed in 2017, but then this period was postponed for six months - to the middle of 2018, the launch of equipment in mass production, reminds

In the industrial zone Gorelovo Leningrad region the opening ceremony of the new plant of Siemens Gas Turbine Technologies, a joint venture between Siemens AG and OJSC Power Machines, took place. It is planned to invest 275 million euros in the development of production

The enterprise will be engaged in the processing of rotor parts and stator assemblies of turbines, a full cycle of assembly work, bench tests. The plant produces gas turbines SGT5-2000E and SGT5-4000 °F with a capacity of 60-307 MW. In the future, the enterprise will launch the production of small and medium-sized turbines, in particular, SGT-800 turbines with a capacity of 53 MW. The new plant also produces compressors with a capacity of 6-32 MW.

The total area of ​​the plant is 25 thousand square meters. m. The staff of the new enterprise is 300 people. A warehouse of components necessary for the repair and operation of turbines has been organized on the territory of the plant complex. At present, the enterprise carries out service maintenance of the equipment of Kirishskaya GRES, Nyaganskaya GRES. Equipment was supplied for Yuzhnouralskaya GRES-2 and Verkhnetalilskaya GRES.

The production complex of OOO Siemens Gas Turbine Technologies is a joint venture between OAO Power Machines (35%) and Siemens AG (65%).

We also recall that Siemens Gas Turbine Technologies LLC was established in 2011 on the basis of Interturbo LLC. For 20 years, he has been assembling gas turbines under license from Siemens for the production and maintenance of gas turbines with a capacity of 60 to 307 MW, as well as compressors from 6 to 32 MW for the Russian and CIS market.

Respondent: A. S. Lebedev, Doctor of Technical Sciences

— On June 18, a new high-tech plant for the production of gas turbine units was opened. What are the challenges facing the company?

The main task is the introduction of gas turbine technologies in the Russian market and the maximum localization of the production of large gas turbines with a capacity of 170, 300 MW for power plants operating in the combined cycle.

I would suggest taking a step back and making a short digression into history so that it is clear where we came from, how the joint venture between Siemens and Power Machines was organized. It all started in 1991, when a joint venture was created - then LMZ and Siemens - to assemble gas turbines. An agreement was signed on the transfer of technology to the then Leningrad Metal Plant, which is now part of Power Machines OJSC. This joint venture produced 19 turbines in 10 years. Over the years, LMZ has accumulated production experience in order to learn how to not only assemble these turbines, but also manufacture some components on their own.

Based on this experience, in 2001 a license agreement was concluded with Siemens for the right to manufacture, sell and after-sales service of turbines of the same type. They received Russian marking GTE-160. These are turbines that produce 160 MW, and in combined-cycle units 450 MW, that is, this is essentially the joint operation of a gas turbine with steam turbines. And 35 such GTE-160 turbines were manufactured and sold under the Siemens license, 31 of them for Russian market. They are quite widely used in St. Petersburg, in particular, at the Severo-Zapadnaya CHPP, at the Yuzhnaya CHPP, Pravoberezhnaya CHPP, in Kaliningrad, in Southern Siberia, in Moscow, 6 such turbines operate in combined cycle units. It can even be said without false modesty that this is the most common gas turbine in the Russian Federation today. It is a fact. No one has produced such a series of powerful gas turbines in such quantity.

And now, relying on this experience of joint production, a new agreement was concluded and a new joint venture, Siemens Gas Turbine Technologies, was created. It happened more than three years ago, in December 2011. Now we will produce turbines in our own factory. The tasks remain the same - to master production, achieve maximum localization and fit into the government's development program for import substitution.

— So, in fact, you have become a competitor to the Power Machines?

In terms of gas turbines, we are not competitors. Because Power Machines has been manufacturing steam and hydraulic turbines since 2011. The entire gas turbine business with engineers, with continued execution of contracts, was transferred by Power Machines to a joint venture. We are 35 percent owned by Power Machines and 65 percent by Siemens. That is, we have entered into this joint venture with the entire gas turbine part of Power Machines. In other words, we are business partners, not competitors.

— What is the differenceSiemens gas turbinesfrom domestic analogues?

In this power class the only sample domestic product is the Rybinsk turbine NPO Saturn - GTD-110 with a capacity of 110 MW. Today it is the most powerful turbine in the Russian Federation own production. Quite widely represented in Russia are turbines up to 30 MW based on the conversion of aircraft engines. There is a very extensive field for competition here, and Russian products are the main ones in this power class. For large gas turbines, there is no such competitive product in Russia today. 110 MW is all there is, today 6 such units have been manufactured. On the part of the customer there are certain complaints about their operation. Since it is in a certain sense a competitor, I would not like to comment on the results of its activities.

- Which latest developments you are using?

All possible Siemens developments. We are an enterprise that is mainly owned by this corporation, as a result of which we have access to both documentation and all the results of research and development activities implemented in those gas turbines for which we have a license - these are 170 and 307 MW. Documents in the volume of production organized in Gorelovo are available to us without any restrictions, they allow us to introduce the latest developments.

Along with this, we ourselves participate in these developments. An example is our cooperation with the Polytechnic University. The university is now divided into institutes, and the Institute of Energy and Electrical Engineering has the Department of "Turbines, hydraulic machines and aircraft engines", this is one of the departments of the institute. We have contracts with this and another department and conduct joint research activities. In one case, we test an element of a gas turbine - an outlet diffuser. For two years, quite a lot has already been done interesting job on the stand. A stand that we actually paid for and helped create.

At the same department, but in the division of hydraulic machines, we are conducting another research work. Why on the subject of hydraulic machines? The fact is that gas turbines are equipped with hydraulic drives, and this very department has accumulated a lot of experience in research on the drive of various elements. Elements that control the operation of a gas turbine and a hydro turbine. Moreover, for the sake of this cooperation, the department participated in serious competition, where it defeated its main competitors from a Chinese university.

In addition to joint research work with these two departments, we also give lectures, try to support and train our own staff while still on the student bench.

— Are your main customers Russian or foreign enterprises?

We have a license with the right to manufacture and sell to Russia and the CIS. In agreement with the main founder, Siemens Corporation, we can sell to other countries. And without any additional approvals, we sell gas turbines to Russian energy structures, these are Gazprom Energoholding, Inter RAO, Fortum and other owners of energy systems.

— In your opinion, what is the key difference between the organization of engineering work at your enterprise?

It seems to me that there are no fundamental differences from the Russian production enterprise. Probably because over the past 20 years, Russian enterprises have become a bit like Western ones - Western management has appeared, borrowed management systems have been introduced technological process and quality. That is, there is no revolutionary difference.

But I would highlight two differences. The first is specialization, that is, an engineer is engaged in purely technical, even more creative activity. There is no such definite dispersion in the activity of an engineer as in a typical Russian enterprise when it is used almost everywhere.

I will demonstrate by the example of engineering - there are at least three such engineering projects at Siemens: one is the main engineering for a product, for example, for a gas turbine, where the gas turbine plant itself is created, all its internals, all its technical solutions, concepts are implemented. The second engineering is service engineering, which deals with upgrades, revisions, inspections, and it does not deal with the creation of a new product. The third engineering can be characterized as technical solutions for system integration, which fits the gas turbine into the equipment of the station - all air preparation devices for its operation, fuel supply, gas facilities, which must be connected with other elements of the power plant. And again, he is not engaged in the creation of a new product, but focuses on the area outside the main gas turbine.

The second fundamental difference of our production is connected with the fact that Siemens is a global company. This is both good and difficult at the same time. In the global Siemens corporation, all procedures, rules, and regulatory documents must be universal for the countries of Latin America, Finland, China, Russia, and other countries. They should be quite voluminous, quite detailed and they must be followed. And you need to get used to this in a global company - to a lot of global processes and rules, prescribed in great detail.

— What role does participation in engineering forums, such as, for example, the Engineering Assembly of Russia, play in the development of the enterprise? Are you planning to participate in the upcoming November event?

Yes, we plan to participate. We would like not only to declare ourselves, that we are a company with developed engineering, a company that works with scientific institutions, and makes its own developments together with Siemens. We would also like some kind of search for partners on topics of interest, for example, on the localization of production. We probably just don't know about the possibilities that really exist. We need to operate more with some kind of databases, be more flexible in the search for sub-suppliers, suppliers, materials, components, or vice versa, engineering services. Because now is such a difficult time when you need to evaluate everything from an economic point of view, when you need to once again weigh what you need to do yourself and what services it is better to purchase, at the same time evaluating how profitable it will be not only at the moment, but also in the future. Maybe you need to make certain investments and in the future to master some kind of production or services on your own. In order to acquire this outlook, participation in such conferences and meetings is very important. So we will definitely participate.

Zaborina Anastasia