South Korean copy milling machines. Copy-milling machines

Both in production and at home, it often becomes necessary to manufacture a part whose shape and dimensions are completely identical to the original sample. At enterprises, this problem is solved with the help of such a device as a copy-milling machine, which allows you to make copies of the original part in large series, is characterized by high speed, as well as the quality of the processing performed.

What is the milling process

Copy- milling machines and any other equipment of the milling group can be found on almost any industrial enterprise. This is explained by the fact that the milling operation is one of the most common methods used to perform machining. This technology allows you to perform a wide range of roughing, semi-finishing and finishing operations with simple and shaped blanks made of ferrous and non-ferrous metal, work on wood and plastic. On modern milling equipment, parts of even the most complex shape are processed with high precision and productivity.

There are two main types of milling: counter (feed and rotation of the tool are in different directions) and associated (the tool rotates in the same direction as the feed). The cutting part of tools that perform milling is made of various materials, which makes it possible not only to successfully work on wood, but also to process (including grinding) even the hardest metals and alloys, artificial and natural stone.

Milling equipment is divided into two types: general purpose and specialized, to which the copy-milling machine belongs.

Capabilities of copy-milling equipment

The copy machine, belonging to the milling group, is designed for copy-milling work with flat and voluminous parts. In addition, such a device can be used to engrave shaped profiles, apply inscriptions and patterns (even of high complexity) to products, and perform light milling operations on wood and other materials.

Using tools with a cutting part of various materials, copy-milling machines process parts made of cast iron, different varieties steel and non-ferrous metals. On such devices for the production of parts in small and large series, blades of turbojet engines and steam turbines, propellers for ships, punching and forging dies, impellers for hydraulic turbines, molds for pressing and casting, molds, etc. are successfully produced.

On a copy-milling machine, technological operations practically inaccessible to universal equipment. The principle of operation of such a machine is based on the copying method, for which a special template is used. The use of a template eliminates the human factor when processing even the most complex parts, so that all finished products have the same shape and geometric dimensions. Conveniently, one template can be used to precisely manufacture a large batch of parts that will be completely identical to each other.

In order to copy the shape and dimensions of the template as accurately as possible, a copier (pantograph for the router) is installed on the copy-milling machine. The purpose of such a device is the exact transmission of all movements of the copy head to the cutting tool.

How does a copy-milling machine work

Copy-milling machines, as mentioned above, are used for planar (profile processing) and three-dimensional (relief processing) milling. As a working tool, cutters are used on them, which, processing the contour or volumetric surface of the part, repeat the movements of the copier. The connection of the working body and the tracking system for manual machines is provided by mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic elements needed to form the force transmitted from the copier to the working body of the copy-milling machine.

A template on such machines is a flat contour or spatial model, a reference part or contour drawings, and an element that reads the shape and dimensions of the template is a copy finger or roller, a special probe, a photocell. You can use an aluminum sheet or a sheet of other metal, plastic or wood to make a template. The template and the workpiece are located on the rotating desktop of the machine.

The working body of copy-milling equipment is driven by such structural elements as a screw, spool valve, solenoid, differential or electromagnetic clutch. Relays installed in amplifying devices of copy-milling machines are electromagnetic, hydraulic or electro-optical.

The quality of the workpiece (surface roughness, shape and size accuracy) depends on such a parameter as the speed of the tracking device. In this case, the following characteristics of the finished product can be achieved: roughness - No. 6, profile accuracy - 0.02 mm. The main elements of the executive circuit of such equipment are an electric motor and a hydraulic cylinder.

The pantograph installed on copy-milling equipment provides copying in a given scale. The design of the pantograph consists of a guide pin, its axis, a tool spindle and a separate axis of rotation. The spindle and the guide pin are located on the same rail, the ratio of the shoulders of which determines the scale of copying.

Moving along the contour of the template, the finger sets in motion the rail, which freely rotates on the axis. Accordingly, on the other side of the rail, the machine spindle makes identical movements, processing the workpiece. On do-it-yourself copy-milling machines, such a device will also not be superfluous, its presence significantly increases the functionality of the equipment.

Varieties of machines of the copy-milling group

The equipment of the copy-milling machine may include drives various types. Based on this parameter, allocate:

• equipment with a pantograph (suitable for processing parts in 2-3 dimensions);
• devices with a copier mounted on a rotary rail moving in a vertical plane;
• single and multi-spindle machines equipped with round or rectangular rotary tables;
• machine tools, the feed on which is provided by mechanical, electrical, hydraulic devices;
• photocopier equipment.

A homemade copy machine can be any of these types (including copy grinding machines). You just need to find drawings on the Internet and select components.

According to the degree of automation and the method of fixing the workpiece, the following categories of copy-milling machines are distinguished:

• manual or desktop, on which the workpiece is fixed mechanically (on these devices, holes of various shapes can be drilled in accordance with the template);
• automatic equipment stationary type, the workpieces on which are fixed with the help of pneumatic clamps (on such machines they work with aluminum);
• automatic equipment of a stationary type with pneumatic clamps, on which a three-spindle head is installed (on these copy-milling machines, triple holes are drilled at the same time, which does not allow the execution of units of the two previous types).

How does a copy milling machine work

As noted above, on a copy-milling machine, the workpiece is processed using a master device - a copier. All movements of the copier along the contour or surface of the template are transmitted thanks to a special (copier) device to the working head of the machine, in which the cutter is fixed. Thus, the cutting tool exactly repeats all the movements that the copier used to equip the router makes.

The movements of the elements of the copy-milling machine in the process of processing the part are divided into main (rotation and movement of the spindle when the tool plunges into the workpiece material, movement along the contour of the desktop and sled) and auxiliary (movement of the spindle head, sled and table in accelerated mode, as well as installation movements made by the tracer table, copying finger, stops and a clamp that fixes the spindle head).

In aluminum key-cutting machines, two tracking schemes can be implemented: simple action and action with feedback. When implementing the direct action scheme, the working body of the machine makes movements due to the fact that it is rigidly connected to the copier. The reverse action scheme does not provide for such a connection, and movements from the copier to the working body are not transmitted directly, but through the tracking system.

As mentioned above, copy-milling machines perform contour and volumetric milling. In contour milling, the movements of the copier occur in a plane parallel or perpendicular to the tool axis. In the first case, the movement of the working table of the equipment can only be longitudinal, and the cutter and copy finger move vertically. In the second case, the table moves both in the longitudinal and transverse directions. With volumetric milling, the part is processed in stages - thanks to several movements of the table and tool, performed in parallel planes.

The direct action scheme can also be implemented through a pantograph, which allows you to reduce the size finished products in relation to the dimensions of the template used (to scale). Most often, such an additional device, which is easy to make yourself, is installed on machines used for engraving and light milling.

Another variation of a self-made machine

How to make a copy-milling machine with your own hands

Many home craftsmen would like to buy a copy-milling machine to equip their workshop, but the cost of such equipment is quite high. Meanwhile, having a desire, spending not so much time, effort and financial resources, you can make such equipment with your own hands.

Naturally, home-made copy-milling equipment cannot be compared with professional equipment in terms of power, reliability and functionality, but even on such machines you can make high-quality copies, work with wood and process workpieces from other materials. Many are trying to fit a copier to an existing one, but this is not practical, since in this case almost the entire machine has to be redone. As practice shows, it is better to assemble your home-made copy-milling machine from scratch, choosing the appropriate components for this.

The photo below is an example homemade machine with video supplement. The creator of the machine is narrating in English, but in principle everything is quite clear and without translation.

With your own hands, a copy-milling device is easiest to make according to a typical scheme, which includes a supporting structure - a frame, a desktop and a milling head. The drive for ensuring the rotation of the working tool is an electric motor that transmits movement through a two-stage mechanism that allows you to get two speeds. The desktop of this homemade device can be adjusted in height.

Many of those who made a copy-milling machine with their own hands note that when changing operating modes, such equipment begins to show a lot of shortcomings. The most common of these shortcomings are machine frame vibrations, workpiece distortion and deflection, poor copying performance, etc. To avoid such problems, it is best to make the copy-milling device highly specialized and immediately set it up for processing the same type of workpieces. This is explained by the fact that it is almost impossible to take into account all the shortcomings that universal equipment will have when changing operating modes.

Of great importance is the size of a home-made copy-milling machine, which must be selected depending on the size of the workpiece you are going to process on it. When processing large workpieces, significant vibrations occur, which can only be extinguished by equipment that is massive. With this processing, serious loads are transferred to the guide axles of the machine, which must also be able to withstand this.

The first thing you need to do before making a copy-milling machine with your own hands is to decide on the tasks that you are going to solve with it. The size of the desktop, the method of fixing the workpieces and the template, the direction of movement of the cutting tool will depend on this.

Depending on what parts you are going to make on your home-made copy-milling machine (as well as on the material for their manufacture), the power of the electric motor is selected. So, for engraving and other woodworking, an electric motor with a power of 150-200 watts is quite suitable.

The probe and the working body of the machine are rigidly fixed to each other and installed above the desktop so that the height of their location and their planes completely coincide. Such a structure, after installation, must move horizontally and vertically parallel to all sides of the desktop.

In the two videos below, another master talks about making a copy-milling machine with his own hands.

Milling machines and CNC machining centers HAAS firms are designed to work in industries of various types, ranging from small workshops to heavy engineering and aerospace industries. HAAS milling machines can process a wide range of parts, such as body parts of varying degrees of complexity, dies and molds with complex 3D surfaces.

On milling machining centers equipped with swivel table HAAS, complete four- and five-axis high-precision machining is possible.

Selection of milling machines according to parameters

All milling machines and machining centers

* Prices for machines are indicated without VAT, including delivery to the buyer's factory, including installation supervision

Video

Classification of supplied milling equipment

High-precision CNC milling machines and machining centers supplied and maintained by Abamet can be divided into the following main types:

• vertical milling;
• horizontal milling.

Among the vertical milling centers are:

• CNC vertical milling centers of portal type. This group includes HAAS machining centers of the GR series, which have large movements along the X and Y axes (GR-712 - 3683x2159 mm). Such a 3-axis milling machine has a fixed work table with a workpiece mounted on it.
• Small CNC Router CM-1. The machine fits through a standard 915mm wide doorway as well as most freight elevators. This high-precision machine has a full-fledged HAAS CNC system, which allows you to process small parts of varying degrees of complexity. The maximum spindle speed is 30000 with the possibility of increasing up to 50000.
• 5 Axis CNC Vertical Milling Machining Centers. This group includes HAAS centers VF-TR and UMC series. The VF-TR centers have a removable swivel-turntable that can be removed and released working area for work in 3 axes with large details. The CNC metal milling machine of the UMC series has a built-in two-axis swivel rotary table with a diameter of 500 mm.

Horizontal milling machining centers can be divided into 2 types:

1. With pallet changer - EC-400 , EC-400PP and EC-500 . The pallet changer allows you to set up on one pallet while a part is being processed on a second pallet. This reduces machine downtime.
2. Palletless - EC-1600 and EC-1600ZT. Large CNC milling machines with the possibility of installing an integrated rotary faceplate with a diameter of 762 mm. The faceplate allows you to process large-sized parts from different sides in one setup.

What you need to pay attention to when choosing a CNC milling machine

For a CNC milling machine, the price depends on its specifications. The choice of technical characteristics, in turn, depends on the following parameters:

• dimensions and weight of the workpiece;
• workpiece configuration, requirements for accuracy and quality of machined surfaces;
• processing modes required for the manufacture of parts (spindle speed, power and torque);
• planned production program.

Benefits of HAAS CNC Milling Machines

HAAS milling machines and machining centers offer the following benefits:

• simple and reliable design with a large number of unified units allows you to buy a milling machine for metal at a low price and reduce the cost of its maintenance;
• precision inexpensive milling machine for metal allows you to produce complex and high-precision parts;
• intuitive HAAS CNC system, which can be mastered in the shortest possible time and start production;
• a large number of available options allows you to configure the CNC milling machine for the tasks of a particular production.

What does Abamet offer?

The Abamet company is official dealer HAAS companies in Russia and the Republic of Belarus. This gives our Clients a number of benefits:

• fast delivery of equipment;
• A complex approach with technological study, selection of cutting tools, tooling and technological equipment;
• availability of all major spare parts in our warehouse;
• quality and fast service maintenance provided by certified engineers;
• technical support throughout the life of the equipment;
• opportunity to use the Trade-in service.

How to make an order

To make a request for equipment, please contact us at the contact number 8-800-333-0-222 or send an application with terms of reference on email. Our manager will answer all your questions and help you choose the optimal equipment configuration. The price of a CNC milling machine will pleasantly surprise you.

The Abamet company has its own representative offices for maintenance and sale of CNC milling machines in Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, Kazan, Novosibirsk) and the Republic of Belarus (Minsk).

A copy milling machine is required for milling curved parts by copying on a template. All copy milling machines for wood are united by the fact that during processing a template is used from which the shape of the future part is copied. Using a template eliminates the human factor in such a complex operation as curved milling. Thus, all finished parts will have the same shape.

These machines are divided into several types:

• Manual machines

The operator moves the template and the part fixed on it with his hands.

• Automatic copy machines

Automatic copying machine for the production of doors. The PF 2600 model allows you to mill all door elements: 2 uprights, 3 crossbars, 3 curved panels - in 8 minutes. Processing is carried out by one operator.

The rotary machine is indispensable in performing a number of operations. In the production of chairs, this is the processing of legs, sides, backs, armrests and other curvilinear elements. In the production of tables, equipment is used for milling the table top around the perimeter. In the manufacture of doors and facades, it is necessary for the manufacture of panels. Productivity - up to 1000 legs of chairs in one shift.

• Lathes

Copy milling machines turning type. The manufacture of chair legs (cabriole), butts, ax handles and other asymmetric parts is used.

• Longitudinally milling copy machines

Such a woodworking machine is equipped with a carriage that moves between milling and grinding units. It is used in the manufacture of chairs for milling legs, sides and other parts.

If you need to make a copy of an object made of wood or metal, copying equipment comes to the rescue; for this, it is used in many enterprises. In particular, copy-milling installations are designed to create objects that replicate the original sample as much as possible.

Modern types of machines make it possible to perform work accurately and quickly in large quantities. These setups are great to create copy jobs on the plane and in volume using appropriate copiers and volumetric models. What is a wood milling and copying machine, how it works and what is its approximate price, we will learn from the article.

Milling and copying equipment

Machine tools of this type are one of the methods of machining in order to create objects of the desired geometric shape. The workpiece surface is processed in several stages - roughing, semi-finishing and finishing.

The scope of milling machines is very wide - these are shaped parts made of wood, planar milling, profile processing, volumetric milling of reliefs of objects and parts. Before getting into mass production, milling machines must pass special certification to comply with all safety standards and regulations required in the course of work.

Thanks to the technique of template copying technology, the same shape of all parts is obtained and the error of the worker servicing the machine is reduced to zero, since the person does not influence the working process of the unit.

To make a series of exactly the same finished products special templates required or a product that was made according to it. Experts recommend equipping the unit with an additional pantograph. This is a mechanism that transmits the movements of the cutting tool along the profile of the head setting as accurately as possible.

Processing the workpiece on the copier by means of a copy mechanism gives a command to all the actuators of the unit. The milling cutter of the installation and the part that is being milled recreate the surface specified on the copier in relative motion.

The main movements include - the desktop of the milling machine, movement along the contour of the sled, rotation of the spindle. The secondary ones are:

• Moving the tracer table, the installation nature of the copy finger and stops.
• Acceleration of the movement of the spindle of the sled and the working surface of the table.
• Spindle head clamp.

Copy milling can be of two types:

• contour.
• Volumetric.

Contour milling is different in that when processing wood copier curve located in a parallel or perpendicular axis working tool. In one case, the working surface with the workpiece and the copier moves only in the parallel or transverse direction of the copier, its curved line. Also, they can only move longitudinally, in which case the entire curve process is controlled by moving the copy finger and cutter in a vertical plane.

When the volumetric copying process is in progress, the workpiece has a spatially complex surface. It is machined with two or more parallel strokes of the worktable, contour milling is performed on each stroke. The working tool of the machine which is carrying out all process, after each working pass forced to move relative to the part to the cross feed indicator perpendicular to the line, then the table travel is performed again.

Purpose of milling and copying units and their advantages

This equipment has long been indispensable for small furniture workshops. They help to mill straight and curved surfaces, drill holes, make nests of various configurations on wood.

They are used for carving different types of wood, for copying sculptures and flat-relief surfaces. Machine tools help to significantly improve the quality of processed products. The main advantages of copy-milling machines for wood can be called:

• Compactness.
• High strength.
• Long service life.
• High precision and reliability of machines.

The price of milling and copying machines for wood

Equipment designed for surface treatment soft and hard woods, so they are perfect for carpentry and model workshops.

Milling and copying units made in Italy G 60 - G 80 - G90 GRIGGIO, very popular in carpentry and furniture production. They are designed for milling curved and straight contours, sockets, contours and grooves, drilling and countersinking holes in carpentry and furniture blanks. Excellent for processing furniture facades and door panels. The size of the working table is 750x600 mm, the vertical stroke of the working table is 150 mm, the movement of the spindle in the vertical plane is 80 mm, the spindle rotates at a frequency of 9,000-18,000 rpm. The approximate price is 339,000 rubles.

Milling and copying machine VFK-810 (table rotation angle up to 45 o) - designed for milling curved and straight contours, nests, grooves, countersinking and drilling holes in furniture and carpentry blanks. An important advantage is high speed up to 20,000 rpm, the ideal quality that the spindle gives. Table lift - 200 mm, its size, length - 1000 and width - 800 mm. The approximate price is 274,000 rubles.

Milling and copying unit WINNER LH-1000 made in Taiwan - Ideal for panel doors and other types of carpentry. Such operations are the most complex, time-consuming, therefore, even an experienced master with a high qualification is not able to cope with such a task for a short time. Produces a panel element in one pass, a multi-level spindle changes profile quickly without rearranging the tool. Equipped with a special table with a flat coordinate system, which ensures high accuracy of all milling operations performed, as well as safety. The spindle rotates at a frequency of 9,000 rpm, the price of the machine is 1,246,463 rubles.

Copy-milling machine made in China MX 5068. Its distinctive features is a high speed up to 18,000 rpm, the spindle gives the ideal quality, the products do not need further processing. Vertical movement of the spindle from a pneumatic drive, table rotation by 45 °, increased dimensions of the working table - 805-600 mm, the greatest thickness of the workpiece - 150 mm, machine weight - 440 kg, product price - 193,240 rubles.

Equipment such as modern copy-milling machine is characterized by high precision and reliability in execution various kinds works. In order to start working on it, 2-3 days of training is enough, after which you can create real masterpieces on wood.