98. On the BBKD, the possibility of the skier approaching the pulleys should be excluded.

99. On the BKD with drum-type towing devices and self-service, the distance between the support plate or traverse and the surface of the snow cover in the landing zone should be 0.6-1.0 m. (plates) above the snow cover should be at least 1.6 m.

100. The following signs should be installed in the landing zone:

Do not leave the towpath;

In the event of a fall, leave the towpath immediately;

Landing and landing on this section of the route is prohibited;

Take ski poles in one hand;

It is forbidden to use the style of "slalom" when moving along the track.

101. The landing zone must be located so that it can be quickly evacuated and to ensure that the towing devices are reset.

102. In the landing zone of the BKD with drum-type towing devices, the drums must pass at a height of at least 2.3 m from the surface of the snow cover. At the same time, after disembarking the passenger, the traction rope should not overlap with the road structures and towing devices on the side of the descent.

The distance from the BKD traction rope with towing rods to the surface of the snow cover must be no less than the length of the assembled towing device.
(Clause as amended, entered into force on June 10, 2016 by order of Rostekhnadzor dated April 28, 2016 N 170. - See previous edition)

103. The slope angle of the landing area must not exceed 6° towards the exit to the track:

At BKD with drum devices directly behind the support;

For BKD with towing devices of the rod type so that passengers release the towing devices immediately after the clamp passes the last support;

The paragraph has been deleted since June 10, 2016 - order of Rostekhnadzor dated April 28, 2016 N 170. - See the previous edition.

104. At the top station, the distance (L) between the start of the skiers' uncoupling point and the point where the rope enters the pulley or balancer must ensure that the towing device assumes its initial position, namely:

With a drum type device L 12 V;

With rod type device L 4 V,

Where V - maximum speed roads, m/s.

It is allowed to reduce this distance in case of ensuring the safe passage of the towing device in the station area.

On the BKD with towing devices of both drum and rod type, passengers are allowed to exit at the pulley, if this is provided for by the design of the station.
(The paragraph is additionally included from June 10, 2016 by order of Rostekhnadzor dated April 28, 2016 N 170)

105. Behind the landing zone, control devices are installed that automatically stop the road in the following cases:

The passenger did not have time to release the towing device;

The towing device has not returned to its original state.

106. On the BBKD route, control devices are located behind the disembarkation zone in such a way as to exclude the possibility of a passenger approaching the pulleys.

107. Information signs should be installed in the landing zones:

Preliminary notification of the place of disembarkation;

Release the towing device;

Do not linger at the drop off point.

Ropes

108. The steel ropes used on the CD must be for human cargo purposes, non-untwisting. The conformity of the rope must be confirmed by a certificate issued by the organization - the manufacturer of the rope.

109. The tensile strength of the ropes must correspond to the parameters determined by the formula:

Breaking strength of the rope as a whole, taken according to the certificate or test certificate;

S- the maximum tension of the rope;

The minimum safety factor, taken in accordance with the criteria given in paragraphs 118-122 of these FNR.

110. If the manufacturer's certificate (test certificate) indicates the total breaking force of all wires, the breaking force of the rope as a whole is determined by multiplying the total breaking force of all wires by the coefficient of section loss.

111. The coefficient of loss of section is:

For round strand ropes - 0.83;

For ropes of a closed structure - 0.9.

112. The choice of rope should be made in accordance with the criteria given in table No. 1.

Table N 1

Selection Criteria for Steel Ropes

Rope name		Type of cable car
		single-cable or double single-cableway	double cableway
carrier rope			Closed construction rope
Carrying-traction rope		double lay rope
Traction rope			double lay rope
tension rope		double lay rope
rescue rope	drum winch	double lay rope
	rope loop	double lay rope
Evacuation rope		double lay rope
Cable cable		Double lay rope, closed construction rope
Rope name			Cable car type
		Ground CD	towing CD
			unsupported BKD	towing with detachable towing devices	towing with fixed towing devices
Traction rope		double lay rope	Double lay rope or polymer rope	double lay rope
Towing rope					Rope single lay, organic or polymer rope
Tension rope (including twin ropes)		double lay rope
rescue rope	drum winch	double lay rope
	rope loop	double lay rope
Evacuation rope		Double lay rope, organic or polymer rope
Cable cable		Closed rope or double lay rope
Rope for signal cable suspension		Single or double lay rope
Brake cable		double lay rope

113. The choice of the type of fastening of the ends of the rope must comply with the parameters given in table N 2.

Table No. 2

Rope end attachment options

Rope name	Type of fastening of the ends of the rope
	gulf- noah rope- ny castle	clamp- clutch	bar- ban	screw- howl clamp	rope- ny castle	schal- ka	clamp- rope loop	zap- resso- bathroom rope loop	lever- naya swan- ka
carrier rope
Traction rope
Carrying-traction rope
tension rope
brake rope
Cable cable
Signal cable
rescue rope Evacuation rope

114. The number of links when splicing traction and carrier-traction ropes should be minimal and determined taking into account the length of the supplied ropes.

The minimum length of the link must be at least 1200dk (dk is the nominal diameter of the rope). When making two or more links, the distance between them must be at least 3000dk.

115. The diameter of the rope in the area of ​​the coupling, measured in tension, should not exceed the nominal diameter by more than:

5% - between the knots of the link;

15% - in the place of the knots of the bridge for the CD with a non-detachable clamp;

10% - in the place of the knots of the bridge for the CD with a detachable clamp.

116. Splicing of the carrier rope, as well as splicing of tension ropes, is not allowed.
(Clause as amended, entered into force on June 10, 2016 by order of Rostekhnadzor dated April 28, 2016 N 170. - See previous edition)

117. It is allowed to splice the ends of BBKD traction ropes using special devices with wedge locks.

118. The minimum factor of safety of the supporting ropes must correspond to the specified value for the following three conditions:

Operating condition without activated safety brake on the carrying rope
Operating condition with activated safety brake on the carrying rope
In non-operating mode, taking into account climatic conditions

119. The minimum safety factor of traction ropes must correspond to the following values:

Ground CD
Pendulum CD without safety brake on the carrying rope
Pendulum CD with safety brake on the carrier rope
Two-rope CD of a closed cycle for only one direction
Towing CD

120. The minimum safety factor for carrying-traction ropes is assumed to be 4.

INDUSTRY STANDARD

BLOCKS FOR STEEL ROPES STROK PROFILE

Design and dimensions

OST 24.191.01

Official edition

MINISTRY OF HEAVY, ENERGY AND TRANSPORT ENGINEERING

Moscow 1971

DEVELOPED BY VNIIPTMASH

Director of the institute Komashenko A.Kh.

Deputy Director for scientific work Skvortsov B.M.

Head of the standardization department Obolensky A.S.

Head of the department of unified units Rybkin P.N. Performer Baikova N.I.

INTRODUCED BY VNIIPTMASH

PREPARED FOR APPROVAL

Chief Engineer Lunenko G.I.

APPROVED by the Deputy Minister of Heavy, Energy and Transport Engineering

UDC 621.861.2:001.4

Group G-86

INDUSTRY STANDARD

BLOCKS FOR STEEL ROPES STROK PROFILE DESIGN AND DIMENSIONS

24.191.01

Introduced for the first time

Letter from the Ministry of Heavy, Energy and Transport Engineering dated Zu_1_X_. 1970 No. MM-36/12446, the date of introduction is set from 1. I 1 1974

Non-compliance with the standard is punishable by law

1. The area is common

This standard applies to the profiles of the stream of cast iron and steel crane blocks, enveloped by steel ropes with a diameter of 3 to 43.5 mm.

The standard does not apply to the profile of the strand of blocks located in a horizontal plane, as well as to blocks designed for the passage of rope clamps through them, to other blocks with profiles of the strand for special purposes.

The permissible angle of deviation of the rope v 1 from the middle plane of the block should be no more than

4r-2k 4fiTj->

where p is half the opening angle of the stream profile;

Uf(- rope diameter;

Block diameter along the center line of the rope;

K - coefficient depending on the bending stiffness of some types of ropes (Table 1)

T ablipa 1

cross One-sided

Page 4 OST 24.191.01

2. Design and dimensions

The design and dimensions of the streams must comply with the drawing and table of this standard (see drawing and table 2) 1

OST 24.191.01 Page 5

table 2 Rope diameters Does not apply St. 3.7 to 4.6 St. 4.6 to 5.6 St. 5.6 to 7.2 St. 7.2 to b St. a to 11 St. 11 to 14 St. th to lft St. 18 to 23 St. 23 to 28.5 St. 28.5 to 35 St. 35 to 43.5 Limit deviations of casting dimensions and machining allowances must correspond to Sh class for cast iron. accuracy

The displacement of the stream relative to the axis of symmetry is not more than 1 mm.

Size for reference

Selection and termination of rope ends for sailing yachts

With cables (steel, vegetable or synthetic) the ship builder one way or another has to deal with. Correct selection cable in design and diameter, depending on the conditions of its operation, reliable termination of its ends, proper design of blocks are of no small importance for safe operation ship.

Cables made of galvanized steel wire are used for steering gear (shturtros), remote motor control drive, standing and running rigging on yachts.

The design of the cable (Fig. 167) is indicated by three numbers, which express, respectively, the number of strands, the number of wires in the strand and the number of organic cores. For example, the entry 6 X 37 + 1 OS means: a six-strand cable, has 37 wires per strand, with one organic core. The design of the rope determines its flexibility, which determines the size and weight of blocks and drums, and which, along with strength, serves as the basis for its choice in the manufacture of a particular gear. The greater the number of wires in a strand and the smaller their diameter, the more flexible the cable.

For the manufacture of standing rigging gear, rigid cables are used, which, with a minimum diameter and weight, have the greatest strength and do not stretch under load. For running rigging and steering ropes, flexibility is paramount.

For the manufacture of standing rigging for yachts, a very rigid and durable spiral cable of the 1 X 19 design has become widespread. Terminating the fire on such a cable, however, is a complicated matter, therefore, end bushings, clips, etc. are more often used to attach the cable to the spars.

7x7, also used for standing rigging, has some flexibility and is much easier to terminate, but because of the higher number of wires, it stretches more under load and is more prone to corrosion than 1 X19. When sealing the fire, the seventh strand is cut off, therefore, the reduced strength of such termination must be taken into account.

6x7+1 OC can also be used for standing rigging, although it is less strong and stretches more than the previously mentioned cables (due to the presence of an organic core). The cable is easy to splice; it can be successfully used for railings. For the manufacture of running rigging, this cable is of little use due to insufficient flexibility. The organic core contributes to the retention of grease that prevents corrosion.

Rice. 167. Typical designs of steel cables: a - cable IX 19; 6 - 7X7; c - 7X 19; g - 6X 19 + 1 OS; 5-6X37+ 1 OS.

The 7x19" cable is the most durable of the flexible cables. It is used in the manufacture of running rigging parts, for which, along with strength, a small stretch under load is important (for example, for steering cables). The actual properties of this cable include the possibility of sealing fires and the presence of a metal core, due to which the cable is not crushed in the pulley groove and can be wound onto the winch drum in several layers.When closing the fire, the middle strand is usually cut down, in which case it is necessary to take into account the weakening of the cable by 15%.

Cable 6x19+1 OS has an organic core. It is more flexible and elastic than a 7x19 cable, but it stretches and deforms more under load, and therefore is not very suitable for winding on a smooth (without grooves) drum and for multilayer winding.

Rope 6x37+1 OS - very flexible, easy to splice. The wires that make up its strands have a small diameter, so a cable of this design is produced starting from a diameter of 5.5 mm. The cable is highly stretchable and is used for small diameter pulleys.

The cable is usually selected according to the current load, taking into account the safety factor. For standing rigging, a safety factor from 4 to 6 is taken, for running rigging "- not less than 4 and not less than 6 in all cases when the cable is used to lift a person or the ship itself. When choosing a safety factor, in addition to the design load, it is necessary to take into account attention to the working conditions of the cable: fixing the ends, diameter of the pulleys, the multiplicity of load application, susceptibility to corrosion, etc.

Caution should be exercised against the use of very thin ropes, especially on seagoing vessels. It must also be taken into account that the thinner the wire, the more the cable is subject to corrosion and wear. The most corrosion-resistant cables are made of galvanized or stainless wire. Cables made of non-galvanized or copper-plated wire quickly rust and break, especially at bends.

When arming masts with standing rigging, it is advisable to give the cable, especially if it has an organic core, a preliminary hood. This contributes to a more even distribution of forces between straight strands under the action of the workload. For. sealing a loop (fire) at the end of a steel cable, it is developed into strands, and then tight marks are applied to the cable and strands. A strong thread is placed along the cable (Fig. 168), one end of it is rolled up in a loop, and the other (running) tightly, coil to coil, is wrapped in one row around the cable towards the loop. Then threading the running end into the loop, tighten it under the turns. Having imposed marks, the cable is bent according to the shape and size of the required fire. Bent fire take in left hand loose strands up and away from you and, dividing the developed strands into two equal parts, insert the root end of the cable between them. In order for the fire not to unwind, after introducing the root end of the cable, the upper left strand is transferred to the right side, and the lower right strand to the left side. Then the punching of the running strands into the root end of the cable begins. The lower left strand 1 is punched under two root strands against the twist of the cable. Then they break through the next strand 2 (Fig. 169), but already under one root strand.

In the same way, strands 3 and 4 are pierced on the right side. After that, all four punched strands are tightened until the brand reaches the root end, and the remaining strands 5 and 6 are pierced. After punching, the strands are pulled again and start the second punching through one strand under two against the direction of the cable lay, just as they did when punching the second strand. Having made 3.5 or 4.5 punches, the fire is beaten with light strokes of the handbrake, and the extra ends of the strands are chopped off. The place of punching is wrapped - they are caged with a thin cord or soft wire. The punching of the strands is carried out using a metal pile (Fig. 170): before tightening the strands, a thimble is inserted into the loop.

In order to make a correct and sufficiently strong fire, you need to have certain skills. Amateurs often replace it with contractions made from scraps of a copper or aluminum tube, superimposed on the ends of the cable folded together (Fig. 171, a). The inner diameter of the tube should be approximately one and a half times the diameter of the cable, the length is 10 times the diameter of the cable.

The tube, put on the cable and pressed close to the thimble, is riveted until the cable is tightly compressed, then the second and third contractions are placed at a distance of 40-60 mm. You can make a connection using one long (80-100 mm) tube (Fig. 171, b), flattening it alternately in two mutually perpendicular planes. The sealing of the end of the cable by pressing it into the hole of the steel ball is also strong enough (Fig. 171, c). The tear strength of such a seal is 60--80% of breaking load cable.

When the cable passes through the block, its wires, in addition to stretching from the load, receive additional stresses from bending, from twisting and from crushing. Wires that have burst due to fatigue and wear are always located at the point where the cable touches the block. It should be remembered that in practice running rigging gear and steering ropes are subjected to variable loads, i.e. they work for fatigue. For example, the staysail halyard is constantly subject to fluctuations during the course of the yacht, depending on the load on the staysail and the stay sag. The amplitude of these oscillations on a large yacht can reach 40-60 mm, and the period is 1-3 seconds. Approximately in the same conditions, the shturtros also works.

In table. 14 shows the minimum sheave diameters of pulleys, measured along the groove, depending on the design and the diameter of the cable. The drums of steering gears or winches should also have the same diameter.

The pulley bale radius should be equal to 1.05 of the rope radius. With a narrower or wider bale, the cable wears out faster. Pulley bale should span 130-150° cross section cable (Fig. 172). The use of aluminum or textolite drums helps to reduce cable wear.

Rice. 169. Stopping the fire on steel cable: a e - the order of punching strands.

Rice. 170. Piles - wooden (/) and metal (2).

Rice. 171. Closing the loop on the cable with the help of tubes (a, b) and shaping the ball at the end of the cable (c).

Table 14 Pulley diameters of pulleys depending on the design and rope diameter

Standing rigging must be oiled or painted, and all lights and splashes must be squared.

It is much easier to close the ends of vegetable cables than steel ones. As with steel cables, you need to start by applying a mark that would not allow the strands to develop. The mark must be applied on a dry cable, otherwise it will slip after the cable dries. The usual brand is superimposed in the same way as on a steel cable, and to make a self-tightening brand (Fig. 173), one end of the thread must be placed along the cable, and the other should be wrapped in turns. On the last turns, it is necessary to leave slack and pass the end of the running thread under them, which is then tightly tightened. If it is necessary not only to fix the strands of the cable, but also to make a stopper at the end that protects the tackle from splashing out, for example, from a block, they knit a button. There are many varieties of knobs, we will consider only a simple knob and a turnip.

To terminate a simple button (Fig. 174), the cable is unraveled into strands, the strands are passed one under the other, as shown in the figure (positions 1, 2, 3, 4), and tightened. It turns out a "half-wheel" - the basis of a simple knob. To get a knob, one more punching of the running strands is made between the strands of the half-wheel (positions 5, 6). If a large thickening is not required at the end of the cable, then, so that the cable does not develop, close up the turnip (Fig. 175): first, the loose ends of the cable are passed one under the other (positions 1, 2), then the running strands are pierced with a pile through one strand under two, against the direction of the rope lay (positions 3, 4). After making three or four punches, cut off the remaining ends of the cable.

When it is required to make a large loop (fire) at the end of the cable, the end is grabbed to the cable with a benzel. Benzel (Fig. 176) is applied in the same way as the brand, but immediately on both ends of the cable, pressed one to the other. Contiguous parallel laid sections of cables are wrapped with strips of thin canvas or insulating tape - they are caged.

On a thin line, with which a benzel is applied, a loop is made and the running end is threaded through it, enclosed around both cables. Having fitted the loop, they begin to put the hoses of the benzel one tightly to the other. When the first row of the benzel along the length reaches approximately two diameters of the cable, a thin line folded in half is applied to it - a drag 1 with a loop facing the beginning of the benzel. A second row of hoses is wound onto the protaska. To finish the job, they pass the running end of the line with some slack into the loop 2 protaski and stretch it under everything top row benzel hoses. Now it remains to tie the line across the benzel with a retractable bayonet and grab the end of the line to cable 3.

Fire (Fig. 177, a) on a simple three-strand cable is closed up like this. The cable is bent with a loop of the required size and strands are laid on it so that one of them is located on top of the root end 1, and the other two are on the sides of it. In this case, the root end 1 should be located on the left, and the running end 2 - on the right. The cable is held in a loop towards itself.

The splashing of the running end 2 in the root 1 starts with the middle running strand 3, which is punched with a pile under one of the strands of the root end 1, necessarily against the direction of the cable twist, t. e. right to left. Having wrapped strand 3, the left running strand 4 is pierced under the next root, again against the direction of the cable lay. Then, turning the cable over, the remaining running strand is punched under the corresponding, not yet punched root strand.

Between two adjacent running strands there should always be one root. In order for the thickening at the junction to smoothly disappear, after two punchings, with each subsequent one, it is necessary to cut off part of the thickness of the running end, reducing its diameter by half. After finishing work, it is necessary to tighten the strands, and cut their ends.

When it is necessary to splice two cables without a knot, they do it in the form of a splice. The divorced strands of both cables are inserted into each other in a checkerboard pattern, as shown in Fig. 178, bringing the marks as close as possible, and begin punching with running strands into the main strands moved apart by the pile through one under one. The punching begins with the running strand 1 of cable A, which is covered with the running strand 5 of cable B, then it is punched under the root strand 6, tightened and bent so that it does not interfere with work. They do the same with the running strands 3 and 4 of cable A: they cover the running strands 6 and 2 of cable B, and then they are passed under the root strands 2 and 5 of this cable, respectively.

Rice. 174. Seal of a simple button. 1-6 - sequence of operations.

Rice. 175. Seal the end of the cable with a turnip. 1-4 - sequence of operations.

Having cut off the mark on cable B, they once again tighten the running strands of cable A punched into it so that they lie more tightly and do not create unnecessary thickening, and then proceed to the oncoming punching of the strands of cable B between the root strands of cable A.

With a short splash, three punches are made on each cable, cutting out with each subsequent part of the fibers into a strand - reducing their diameter by half.

transcript

1 TRADE STANDARD BLOCKS FOR STEEL DITCHES Design and dimensions ST Official publication of the MINISTRY OF HEAVY, ENERGY AND TRANSPORT MACHINERY Moscow 1972

2 Developed by VNIIPTMASH Director of the Institute A. Komashenko. X, Deputy Director for Research Skvortsov B.M. Head of the Standardization Department Bolensky A.S. Submitted by VNIIPTMASH Prepared for approval by the Main Directorate of Hoisting and Transport Engineering MTEiTM Chief Engineer LunenkoG. I. APPROVED by the Deputy Minister of Heavy, Energy and Transport Engineering Sign. to the stove 2/XI-71. Pech. l. 1.0 Uch.-: ed. l. 0.4 Circulation 4100 copies. Zach. inst Zach. type. 4 Price 5 kop. NIIINFRMTYAZHMASH, Moscow, I-164, Prospekt Mira, 106 Production and Printing Department of NIIINFRMTYAZHMASH

3 UDC, 2 Group G-86 TR A S L E V Y S T A N D A R T BLOCK FOR STEEL DITCHES 0ST24 Design and dimensions 1971 MM-002/6397 the introduction date is set from 1/year, for new design - from 1/Y1Y1972, "- Non-compliance with the standard is punishable by law. 1. SCOPE This standard applies to cast iron and steel blocks diameter from 320 to 900 mm for steel ropes operating at temperatures environment from -40 to +40 C. The standard does not apply to blocks operating in explosive and fire hazardous rooms, chemical and radioactive environments, to blocks located in a horizontal plane, as well as to blocks designed for the passage of clamps through them, and blocks special purpose. Official publication "Reprint prohibited

4 2. CONSTRUCTION and DIMENSIONS The design and dimensions of the blocks must comply with Table. 1 of this standard. drawing and o h u, 1 / Ft d i ^ lg, d 7 "^ ^ ^ (v; CD sl SA7 13 n ^ Size for syraik L M1: 1 yg, 5

5 Dimensions in mm Table 1 p Execution 4 d 4 ^3 H k K B ^1 n R r 0 s Mass* 6 t 9 up to C A .5 8 St. 11 up to Q 80T 22 27A^ .3 8SA Cg , 0 8 St. 14 to Cd 28 34A.0 6 t 9 to C ^ St. 11 to 14 Z3bSd t IO5A A .5 12.0 SOCg A \ Zfi 8 St. 14 to C5 7 t 11 to 14 46C A , A ,0 21, St. 14 to C T 13A Cg A,0 9 St. 18 to Sd 36 45A,5 7 t 11 to A^, St. 14 to Sd 300 leot 170Ag Cg St. 18 to C A A.y,0 210Ag C A 28 Z4A7 SO , St. 18 to Sd T 250Ag Cg St. 23 to 28.5 eeosb t 23 to 28.5 SlOCg 550 b Corresponds to cast iron. 260Т 275Ag Cg A , A , A .0 2 90.0 97.0 o u Example symbol: cast iron block with a diameter of 530 for a rope with a diameter of 15 mm: block MF ST "block of steel with a diameter of 530 for a rope with a diameter of 15 mm: block St ST" block of ductile iron for a rope with a diameter of 15 mm:

6 Page 6 OCT TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1. Blocks must be made from gray cast iron grade not lower than SCh GST For very heavy-duty hoisting machines, as well as for machines transporting liquid or hot metal, blocks must be made of steel of grade not lower than steel 25L-11 GST or ductile iron grade VCh or VCh GST Maximum deviations of casting dimensions and allowances for machining, as well as maximum deviations in weight - must correspond to accuracy class III GST for cast iron drinking, III accuracy class "GST" for steel casting Unspecified casting radii 3-5 mm Casting slopes Cracks and junctions exceeding in depth allowance for machining Cracks and junctions are not allowed at all on unworked surfaces Shells, friability, black holes on machined surfaces of the stream profile are not allowed In castings are not allowed without correction by welding with subsequent annealing. by their dimensions exceed the values ​​indicated in Table 2. Table 2 Size and number of defects, not more than Surface Defect nature Total area in % of the part surface Depth in % of the part thickness Number of defects per 100 cm2 of surface Area of ​​one defect, cm2 Untreated Various shells Looseness, porosity 1 1.2 3 0.5 processed Shells various Looseness, porosity, 1 2 0.5 Black shells be subjected to annealing Non-dylindricity of the hole should not exceed half of the tolerance "on the diameter Rim thickness difference, measured on the area of ​​external untreated surfaces at equal radii, should not exceed 3 mm Knocks and dents on the machined surfaces are not allowed Blocks should be primed with anti-corrosion primer for painting Before priming All surfaces to be painted must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt, rust and grease. final coloring is done

7 OCT Page 7 by the consumer after assembly of the assembly. holes d VI must be protected from corrosion and staining with an easy-to-wash coating Finished products shall be accepted by the manufacturer's technical inspector in accordance with the requirements of this standard. 4. MARKING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION 4.1. Each block is supplied with an inscription, which should reflect the material, outer diameter and design of the block according to the rim profile. An example of a block marking with an outer "diameter of 450 mm for ropes with a diameter of 25 mm: made of gray cast iron SCh-450-8; made of steel St-450-8; made of high-strength cast iron VCh Finished blocks are packed in batches in wooden containers, the shape and dimensions of which are determined manufacturer The packaging must allow the transportation of batches of blocks by road and by rail The service life of the unit is at least 5 years. Note. The requirements for labeling, packaging and transportation must be met only in the case of centralized block production.

8 Irna.t) copy. VSHIARMTSHI

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Practice has established the following relationship between the diameter of the rope dk and the diameter of the rope pulley Dsh along the stream:

In American practice, the values ​​of Dsh are determined by the following formula:

Dsh \u003d Nmax + Px.kmax / Pp * dk,

where Nmax - dimensionless coefficient,

where: Qmax -- maximum hook capacity, kN; PP - breaking force in the rope as a whole, kN; Px.kmax - maximum tension of the movable end of the rope, kN; dk - rope diameter; mm.

We accept Dsh equal to 900 mm.

The correct shape of the pulley groove is essential for the proper operation of the rope. On fig. 5 shows the profile of the pulley groove. It also shows the connection of the profile elements with the diameter of the rope dк:

We take the radius equal to 15 mm.

H \u003d 1.75dk \u003d 1.7528 \u003d 49 mm

Rice. 5 Rope pulley groove profile

To prevent intense wear of the ropes and the side walls of the pulley grooves, their camber angle in traveling systems is assumed to be at least 50°. The surface finish of the groove must not be lower than the values ​​shown in fig. 4. The groove must be hardened by HDTV (or flame) to a hardness of HRC>45 to a depth of at least 3 mm.

Pressure between rope and groove :

where: Pn - nominal rope tension, MN.

We accept the pulley material - medium carbon steel, the grooves are processed to a purity of Ra12.5, [p] = 600-700 MN/m2.