What can be used instead of hammer fingers. Do-it-yourself pen-removing machine: step by step instructions

A lot of people do not like the time when you need to chop in large quantities different bird, and then process their carcasses for further sale. The most time-consuming process is the cleaning of feathers, which is called plucking. Exist farms, raising geese and quails in huge numbers. How to be in this case?

Plucking by hand is very hard work. It is best to assemble the removable machine from the washing machine yourself according to the drawings presented on the Internet.

Made do-it-yourself picking machine, has the principle of operation exactly the same as expensive industrial equipment, but has a less aesthetic appearance. The principle of its operation will be described next.

The large tank is equipped with rubber beaters on the inside. These are specialized threaded pins. The bottom of the tank rotates at great speed and there are beaters on it too.

A carcass of a quail or a goose doused with boiling water enters the tank, and the power supply of the plucking apparatus starts. The bottom of the tank is gaining momentum, and the carcass of the bird begins to beat against the beat, at the same time losing feathers. After a couple of moments, the carcass of a goose or quail is completely cleared of plumage. Only the smallest feathers on the paws, wings and tail remain on it. They will need to be removed with the help of hands.

The pen-removing machine quite facilitates the work of a person. In a few hours of work, she can pluck up to 60 carcasses of geese or quails without the use of hard work of workers. Thus, it is worth gathering all the necessary tools and materials and starting to make a picking machine on your own. It can be made from parts of an ordinary washing machine.

Jersey giant breed - the largest chickens

Details for manufacturing

The main obstacle in the manufacture homemade pen-removing machines are beaters. It is quite difficult to find something similar to them in the household. Experts believe that the best option would be to simply order special fingers in a store or at an enterprise. Such an order can be quite expensive, however, do not be upset. This will be the largest cost in the production of a do-it-yourself pen-removing machine. All other details can be found almost for nothing.

It is necessary to place an order very carefully, because the beaters for carcasses of geese or quails differ in size. The larger ones are for turkeys, while the smaller ones are for chickens. Therefore, it is worth deciding in advance which birds need to be processed.

While the rubber fingers are being delivered, you need to find a washing machine. To make a picking machine an old single-tank washing machine is ideal. The main condition is its performance. There is no need to thoroughly remake the car, it is only necessary to improve it a little. It is imperative to transfer the motor and electrical circuit, which are located at the bottom of the washing tub, outside the washing machine body. How to do this will be described below.

You need to do the following:

• the motor is removed;
• the drive mechanism and activator are removed;
• the entire electrical circuit is removed and neatly lies next to it in order to subsequently reinstall it.

Making tools

After all the components of the washing machine are ready, you need to find a large rubber hose and put a shower head on it. Such a device will be needed when the picking machine becomes able to function.

How to make a do-it-yourself quail incubator

For the manufacture of quail picking machine with your own hands you will need the following tools:

Product assembly

Having beats, you can start assembling the elements of a home-made pen-removing machine. Next, the entire manufacturing process will be described in full, so that it is easier to navigate when assembling your device.

In the network, experts make pen-removing devices from a variety of barrels, equipping it with beaters and a drive mechanism. With a washing machine, everything is much easier. It already has an activator and drive, which will be a rotating bottom, a motor and electrical control.

In the activator and the bottom of the product, it is necessary to punch a lot of knock-out holes into which rubber fingers will be inserted. Between them it is worth making holes to remove feathers from the bird and excess water. When the motor and circuitry were under the bottom of the washing machine tank, all the debris and water would fall on them, and this should not be allowed.

You need to find a plastic box that is suitable in size and make a housing for the motor out of it. With the help of a metal corner, a strong mount for the engine is made. Then he connects to wiring diagram and a test run is done. Next, it is worth building a high-quality base for the tank using steel corners. The bottom of the tank must be installed at the same distance from the ground as the end of the motor shaft.

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Then you need to take the drive belt mechanism and several pulleys from a newer model of the washing machine. The first pulley is put on the motor shaft, and the other should be fixed on the activator shaft. Next, you need to connect them with a special belt. It is necessary to check the operation of the entire mechanism. The main task is in that the motor, due to the belt drive, drives the activator and cannot fly off the pulleys. It is worth remembering that the vibration of a tank filled with bird carcasses will become much greater. The most difficult in the manufacture of the machine is the installation of rubber fingers.

With the help of a conventional drill, beater holes are made, which are 3 millimeters smaller than the fingers themselves. Near the beater holes for them, it is necessary to make holes of a slightly larger size for removing debris from the bird. At the bottom of the tank of the plucking machine, it is worth putting a flat pallet made of tin. Such a pallet will be needed to collect bird feathers and water.

Hello dear farmers! In this article, we will look at how to choose the right type and calculate the number of hammer fingers for making a do-it-yourself pen-removal machine or drill attachment.

First, let's look at what are beaters (or just beaters, perforated fingers).

The main characteristics of pen fingers are: shape, length, bore diameter, tear strength, Shore hardness, elasticity and color.

The shape of the beaters are:

In order to choose the right type of picking fingers in shape and size, you need to know what kind of bird you will be plucking: quails, broilers, chickens, ducks, geese or turkeys.

For a quail, you need a small finger up to 50mm long and a bore diameter of 10mm. The quail is a small bird, so it is necessary to exclude the possibility of the bird getting stuck between the fingers. If you use fingers 90-100mm long, the carcasses will fall between the fingers, or these beaters must be installed very often with a minimum distance between them. And this significantly increases the number and, accordingly, the purchase price of fingers.

Boilers, chickens and turkeys have mainly a small feather, for the removal of which ball-shaped fingers (or a sphere) with a length of 90-100mm and a fit with a diameter of 20mm have proven themselves well.

Waterfowl ducks, indo-ducks and geese have a large feather, for plucking which ring-shaped fingers (or a ring) with deep ribs, 90-100mm long and 20mm in diameter fit perfectly. The distance between the beater ribs corresponds to the thickness of the pad of the lower part of the feather, which holds the plumage in the skin of the bird.

In order to pluck different birds on the same machine, we recommend combining picking fingers with spheres and ring fingers in equal proportions.

For household centrifuge-type pen removers, soft fingers with a value of (48-55 Shore units) are used. In this type of equipment, the bird, under its own weight, beats against the finger, if it is hard, the likelihood of skin rupture is greatly increased. It is also better to use soft fingers for beat drums and pen attachments, because. it is very difficult to accurately calculate the strength of the hands with which it is necessary to press the bird to the fingers.

For industrial conveyor lines, more rigid pick fingers with a value (60-70 Shore units) are used.

Elasticity of rubber - the ability to quickly return rubber to its original state. In our case, this is the ability to quickly return the finger to its original state, when bent.

Fingers made of white rubber have the greatest elasticity. Recommended for use when plucking young birds. Another property of white rubber is a pleasant smell.

In order to correctly calculate required amount hammer fingers You need to know in what type of equipment they will be installed. Simply put, decide what you will produce: a bird plucking attachment, a beater drum or a feather picker?

Approximate quantity:

Pen nozzle	beat drum	Centrifugal beater

The pen fingers can be made of rubber with different tensile strengths. This value can be from 10-25 MPa. The higher, the more expensive the original rubber and, accordingly, the life of the finger will be longer. According to this parameter, select fingers based on the number of poultry slaughtered per year. If you have a slaughter of up to 500 pieces / year, take any finger. With a large number of heads, it is better to take fingers with high strength. This value does not affect the quality of pen removal.

The technological process of removing a feather from a bird also depends on several factors:

• The speed of rotation of the pen-removing machine or nozzle on the drill;
• Temperature and time of scalding the bird before plucking ;
• Correct choice of type of hammer fingers.

We hope that this information will help you quickly and efficiently make a feathering machine, a bird plucking attachment or a beat drum with your own hands.

Do you live on the ground, that is, outside the city, in your own house and keep chickens, ducks, geese and other representatives of the feathered family? Then sooner or later the question arises before you: how to pluck the carcasses of a freshly slaughtered bird. It is desirable to do this as quickly as possible and without much effort. If we are talking about one chicken and several quails, then, as they say, there is no point in bothering about this: a pot of boiling water and a pair of working hands solve this problem within 15 minutes.

And if you are a small farmer or a wealthy peasant and you urgently need to prepare for sale, for example, a batch of ten chickens, thirty ducks and forty turkeys, then if there is nothing at hand except a pot of boiling water, the work of plucking carcasses will stretch for a few days and turn into a real hell. To prevent this from happening, a decent household plot provides for the presence of a special device called a picking machine or chicken picker.

Machines of this kind are produced in industrial scale, but only for large birds breeding factories, and such devices are not suitable for small peasant farms. The price of one such device will outweigh the capitalization of the entire household plot as a whole. Yes, and they are designed to process at least a thousand carcasses in one go.

It is much more rational to make a pen-removing machine yourself, in accordance with your goals and objectives. Fortunately, you don’t have to spend a lot of money for this, since almost all the necessary components and parts can be found either on your farm or in a landfill.

Main types

All picking machines, both industrial and home-made can be divided into three types:

• Nozzle for power tools. The easiest to make and the cheapest option. The disadvantage of such a plucking device is inconvenience in work, since you have to simultaneously hold the processed bird carcass in one hand, and an electric drill or a screwdriver with a nozzle in the other.
• drum type. The device is a long rotor-drum connected at one end by means of a belt drive to an electric motor. Special rubber nozzles are inserted into the rotor. The advantage of this design: you can pluck a bird of almost any size.
• centrifuge type. It is made in the form of a volumetric container, which has fixed walls and a movable bottom. Inside the container there are rubber nozzles for processing the carcass, outside there is an electric motor that rotates the bottom of the container. Advantage of this design: very high speed plucking and the ability to pluck several carcasses at once.

Beating fingers

The only detail that is present in the designs of all types of pen-removing machines without exception and that you have to spend money on is the so-called picking fingers or simply “beaters”.

The beaters are rubber, cone-shaped pins, with notches at the ends. The beaters are made from environmentally friendly, food-grade rubber and have different sizes depending on the size of the carcass. The smaller the bird, the smaller the picking fingers are required to process it. Conversely, if you have geese or turkeys, then the picking fingers should be the maximum size. There is no need to try to make picking fingers at home from improvised means, as they are inexpensive and their range is huge, so it is much easier to order them by mail.

Nozzle for power tool

A home-made drill attachment for a drill is not yet a machine, but in general, such a nozzle copes with its task if the number of carcasses is not very large and you are not forced to do this so often. A blueprint is not needed for this chicken plucker. Everything is so intuitive.

Step-by-step instruction

In this case, an electric drill or a screwdriver acts as a driving force. The shape of the design resembles a tin can. But it must be made from more durable material: either thick-walled light-alloy metal or a plastic water pipe with a diameter of 10-15 cm with plugs at the ends. So, the manufacturing steps are:

All. A simple device is ready. The pin is inserted into the chuck of a drill or screwdriver and is firmly fixed there. In one hand, a bird carcass is taken, previously soaked for several seconds or minutes in boiling water (processing time depends on the size of the bird). A few seconds in boiling water is enough for quail carcasses. And if it is geese or turkeys, then two to three minutes are needed. In the second hand, take a screwdriver with a nozzle and the plucking process can begin.

To make your work more comfortable and productive, Can this device be improved?: fasten the power tool itself to the edge of the table with a clamp. In this case, you will get a small machine-perchipal. Both hands will be free, which will allow you to work more quickly and efficiently.

drum type machine

Plucking machine for geese, ducks and other large birds. The principle of the device and action is similar to the nozzle on the drill. In fact, this is the same nozzle, only larger. Accordingly, in order to put such a device into action, the motor power of the electric drill is not enough.

Manufacturing steps

Instruction for self-manufacturing is:

• To make a drum, you will need the same water pipe, only of greater length and diameter. Length - 50-70 cm, diameter - 15-30 cm.
• As a driving unit, a small electric motor is used, which is mounted on a specially made frame. The frame is welded from metal corners.
• With the help of a pulley, the engine is connected to the working drum.
• Holes corresponding to the hammer fingers are drilled in the drum, but the diameter of the holes should be 2–3 mm smaller than the diameter of the fingers themselves. Otherwise, it will not be possible to firmly fix the fingers in the holes.
• Then you should fix the bottom of the frame with a special catcher in the form of a voluminous plastic bag. If this is not done, then after processing a dozen chicken carcasses, the entire surrounding space within a radius of several meters will be covered with a thick layer of feathers and fluff.

Centrifuge device

A do-it-yourself do-it-yourself removable machine at home is made from an old top-loading activator type washing machine. For example, such as "Oka -16" or similar units. A feature of these machines is the presence in their design of the so-called activator.

The activator is a plastic or metal circle with blades built into the bottom. It is driven by a special electric motor.

The bottom in such machines can be either inclined or horizontal. The activator is positioned accordingly. The most suitable option is a large diameter horizontal activator.

In this case, the processing itself will be minimal. It consists of several stages:

Currently, a lot of attention of the population is attracted by healthy nutrition. Everyone wants to have quality food on the table without any dubious additives. Who is unlimited in funds, he can afford to buy very expensive organic food. For those who are not available at such a price level, they solve this issue by growing similar products on their site, avoiding the use of chemicals.

This category includes owners of household plots and farmers who spend all summer growing and fattening a variety of animals. One of the simplest and effective methods obtaining environmentally friendly dietary meat is the content of birds. The most popular and in demand in the market are the following representatives poultry yard:

These are the first suppliers of eggs, meat and derivatives from these products. Not to mention environmentally friendly raw materials to fertilize the soil.

The whole growing process is not as burdensome and difficult as it seems, if it were not for the operation of tedious plucking of the bird after slaughter. It requires a lot of time and effort, physical and moral. Particularly difficult to pinch large carcasses geese, turkeys, having firmly seated feathers. Usually women do this. But if someone has ever tried to do such a procedure himself, he is unlikely to agree with this opinion.

Well, this is only a household plot, and if it comes to a novice farmer, then the mass slaughter of poultry for sale is an emergency job, involving all staff, young and old. Such an unproductive operation should at least be facilitated or automated, as in large enterprises.

Do-it-yourself picking machine

Before you make a pick-up machine, you need to find out for how many processed birds it will be intended.

Depends on choice of construction type:

• mobile
• stationary

Homemade removable machine: mobile option

If there is a small number of various birds available, in the amount of, say, no more than 50 heads, then it is not economically feasible to start making something serious and monumental. Under such conditions, a do-it-yourself transfer machine can be made in a few hours. from improvised materials.

It seems to be too pretentious to call such a device a machine, but it will pull on such a small machine for plucking feathers. It is a mobile unit that is installed in the chuck clamp of a conventional electric drill. Structurally, the device is as follows.

A piece of metal pipe with a diameter of 100 to 150 mm with a welded bottom. In its center, an axis is installed that goes out. Holes are drilled in the pipe walls and hammer fingers are mounted in them in the radial direction outside the pipe.

Operating procedure with a plucking machine as follows:

• we fix the drill with the help of brackets on a fixed base, which can be a table, a metalwork or a carpentry workbench, options are possible
• in the chuck of an electric drill we fix the axis of the machine
• start the drill and fix it in the on state
• we take the carcass of the bird in our hands and bring it to the plane of rotation of the fingers alternately from all sides, performing the plucking process

Such a machine is convenient to work with a small amount small quail carcasses, broiler chickens, chickens. If there is a question of harvesting a couple of birds for current needs, then this option is quite optimal.

Doing it yourself is not difficult. We select a piece of metal pipe about 100 mm long. Its diameter depends on which bird will be processed. The smaller the carcass, for example, quail, the smaller the diameter. And vice versa, if it large broiler, then the circle is naturally larger. The wall thickness of the pipe must match the width of the locating groove of the hammer finger. This guarantees a secure connection between the fingers and the pipe.

We mark the pipe for the holes for the hammer fingers. We provide their arrangement in a checkerboard pattern with center distance 30–50 mm depending on diameter. We drill holes in the pipe with a size equal to the diameter of the mounting groove of the finger. We prepare and weld the bottom to the pipe. In the center of the bottom we drill a hole for the axle with a diameter of about 10 mm.

At the end of the axis, we cut a thread with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of about 20 mm. We screw the nut onto the axle thread until it stops and install the axle into the bottom hole, securing it with the second nut. For reliable protection against disassembly of this connection, we core the nuts or install a spring washer, or apply a fixing sealant to the thread, preferably a collapsible type.

It is possible to weld the axle to the bottom of the structure.

Having processed the holes in the pipe with automotive grease, we install the fingers. The machine is ready.

Do-it-yourself plucking machine from a washing machine

If the home farm has a fairly large variety of birds, more than 100 pcs., then it makes sense to think about an essentially serious unit.

To achieve minimal manufacturing costs with a small amount of labor for revision, we choose an old top-loading washing machine as the basis. Making a removable machine from a washing machine is even easier than inventing something new.

When choosing a machine, you need to pay attention to activator location. For old units like RIGA 17, the bottom of the metal tank is inclined and, accordingly, the activator too. This will create additional difficulties in the refinement process. But more modern Fairy-type machines have a horizontal arrangement of an activator of a rather large diameter, which is more attractive for the further transformation of the washer into a removable machine.

All that needs to be changed in the design of the Fairy is to install picking fingers. An additional disk is fixed on top of the activator with bolts, repeating its diameter. First, it must be marked for fingers based on a center-to-center distance of about 65 mm, and holes must be drilled. The diameter of the holes must match the design of the pin being used. Then we mount the hammer fingers in the holes of the disc.

After mounting the disk, we mark on the wall of the tank of the washing machine the horizontal position of the lower row of fixed fingers, focusing on the upper level of the fingers moving disk. Care must be taken to ensure that the fingers do not touch when the plucking machine is in operation.

Having decided on the horizontal, we mark the centers of the location of the side holes, achieving their placement in a checkerboard pattern with a distance between them of 65 mm. The number of horizontal rows will be 4 pieces. We drill holes and install the hammer fingers.

In the lower part of the side wall of the tank at the level of its bottom, we make a window 30 by 150 mm to extract the carcass processing waste.

Features of the choice of hammer fingers

Do-it-yourself beater fingers are easy to make, you just need choose the right material, which is very difficult. They will have to be bought, so they will be the most expensive part of the design. The range of fingers on the market is huge. As a result, when buying, it must be borne in mind that the design options are quite diverse and there are differences in the material used for manufacturing. Deciding to make a car for specific type birds, you need to select the appropriate fingers.

When creating a do-it-yourself quail picking machine, you need to use fingers of small diameter and very elastic so as not to damage the quail carcass itself. For a large type of geese or turkeys, you will need larger diameter and harder material. Making a universal unit for different types, looking for a compromise version.

The proposed design options are the basic basis for the manufacture of a removable machine. On these examples, you can build a lot of modifications of similar devices. The main thing is that the farm should have suitable materials, components and assemblies. There is a field for selection. But the second option is more preferable, since it completely eliminates the contact of human hands with the hammer fingers during operation. The carcass is placed in a container and processed there to condition.

If you plan to make completely original design, it is advisable to first create drawings in which to take into account all the features of the parts used, their location and interaction.

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