Growing vegetables as a business. Mushroom farming business plan Vegetable farming example business plan

Modern urban residents prefer to relax in their dachas: only a few of them are ready to spend the whole summer in gardens in order to please themselves with fresh cucumbers and tomatoes in the fall. Indeed, it is easier for a working person to buy vegetables, fruits or greens in the nearest supermarket. However, it should be noted that the fashion for a healthy diet is once again becoming relevant, and with it the demand for environmentally friendly domestic products is returning.

Any entrepreneur familiar with agriculture can constantly earn money on people's food needs: for this, it is enough for him to draw up and implement a greenhouse business plan for growing vegetables all year round. Such products will definitely have an advantage over imported analogues: the fact is that foreign suppliers, in order to simplify transportation, collect fruits in an unripe state, and then process them with special compounds to ensure safety and increase the shelf life.

Business features

The implementation of the idea of ​​a greenhouse business first of all requires clarifying market needs and searching for types of vegetables that are underrepresented in the region or are in high demand. For example, in the southern regions, the same cucumbers or tomatoes grow excellently even without greenhouses, and therefore the price for them remains quite low for most of the year: in such conditions, the prospect of returning significant investments in the enterprise becomes doubtful. On the other hand, the cold northern climate also makes the process of growing many types of heat-loving crops unprofitable, since the cost of heating a greenhouse complex significantly exceeds the cost of delivering similar products from other regions.

To take into account these features and turn the industrial cultivation of vegetables into a profitable business, the entrepreneur needs to do some preparatory work:

• Study the range of competitors. It is hardly expedient to sell products that are over-represented on the market at dumping prices;
• Develop a detailed project. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account all the parameters that affect profit - starting with the consumption of electricity for lighting and ending with the cost of delivering products to customers;
• Build a quality greenhouse. The annual costs associated with replacing a damaged covering material or painting the frame can be quite significant;
• Choose the right culture. When growing vegetables in a greenhouse, it is necessary to select varieties taking into account local climatic features and the timing of the growing season of plants in greenhouses;
• Find suppliers and choose the type of planting material. Seeds are much cheaper than seedlings, but their use complicates the production process and leads to a significant increase in the growing season;
• Select cultivation technology. Growing in beds comes with the need to install soil heating systems, and the taste of hydroponic vegetables is not always to the taste of consumers. For some cultures, a compromise may be the use of multi-tiered shelving;
• Control the composition of the soil. In greenhouses for growing vegetables all year round, the soil is depleted very quickly, and therefore its top layer must be completely replaced at the beginning of each cycle.

When developing a project for an agricultural enterprise, an entrepreneur must first familiarize himself with the main advantages and disadvantages of the greenhouse business in order to draw the right conclusions about the prospects for this type of activity.

The main advantages include the following factors:

• As a business, growing vegetables does not require large plots - for the construction of an industrial greenhouse, an area of ​​​​6-10 acres is enough;
• Pouring the foundation and erecting the frame takes only a few days - in fact, after two weeks, the first seedlings can be planted on the beds;
• Despite the high price, a greenhouse for growing vegetables pays off in just one and a half to two years;
• This type of business is directly related to agriculture, which simplifies the procedure for obtaining grants from the state;
• Vegetable crops can be planted in a greenhouse in almost any climate, without fear of frost, showers and other weather disasters.

However, this type of business is characterized not only by positive aspects. When growing vegetables in the winter, one cannot fail to notice that:

• It takes a huge amount of energy to heat a greenhouse;
• The profitability of the enterprise is affected by seasonal fluctuations in market prices;
• An entrepreneur must always have a certain stock of working capital for the purchase of soil, seedlings, fertilizers, fuel;
• There are significant fluctuations in the level of demand on the market - if tomatoes sold well last year, this does not mean that they will be sold out as quickly this season;
• There is always a risk of yield loss due to some farmer error or unforeseen circumstances.

What can be grown?

In Russia, the cultivation of vegetables, if possible, should involve the use of early varieties and hybrids of domestic selection, adapted to local climatic conditions. Such plant species are characterized by high yield, short growing season and the ability to self-pollinate.

In addition, novice farmers should remember that the simultaneous cultivation of various vegetables in the same room is not only impractical, but also technically impossible due to large differences in optimal temperature conditions and light levels. Therefore, for each crop it is necessary to allocate its own greenhouse.

What can be planted in the beds:

• Zucchini. This type of vegetable is rarely found indoors, however, farmers who grow zucchini in greenhouses note an increased yield and a special delicate taste of the fruit. With a growing season of 40–60 days per year, up to five crops can be harvested, receiving an average of 12 kg per square meter;
• Eggplant. The crop is extremely demanding on the temperature regime and the quality of fertilizers. However, when growing eggplants in a greenhouse, the plants reach a height of two meters and bear fruit much more intensively. The growing season is up to 120 days: three crops of 10-16 kg per square meter each can be harvested per year;
• Tomatoes. Growing tomatoes is a classic type of greenhouse business. Indoors, plants begin to bear fruit two weeks earlier and produce 2.5 times more tomatoes than in a regular garden. With a growing season of 120 days per year, three crops are harvested in the amount of 16–20 kg per square meter;
• Cucumbers. Greenhouse structures allow growing cucumbers even in cold regions, including Siberia. Due to the high average cost of fruits, the possibility of obtaining three harvests per year and a productivity of 18-22 kg / m², the crop is considered one of the most promising for farmers;
• Bulgarian pepper. A fairly thermophilic type of vegetable - when growing bell peppers indoors, it is necessary to maintain a temperature of 25–26 ° C. Due to the growing season of 120 days per year, 15-18 kg of fruits are collected three times per square meter of the garden;
• Cauliflower. Despite the fact that this type of vegetable is cold-resistant, prolonged exposure to low temperatures can kill seedlings. Therefore, greenhouse owners practice growing cauliflower from seedlings, followed by transplanting into open ground. The vegetation period of 110 days allows you to collect three crops per year, but the productivity of the crop is low - no more than 5–6 kg / m²;
• Pumpkin. The culture also does not belong to greenhouses, including due to the low planting density, therefore, when growing pumpkins, only young shoots are planted in closed ground, which are subsequently transferred to the beds. Productivity - within 10-12 kg / m², vegetation period - about 120 days.

Business registration

Starting the industrial cultivation of vegetables in a greenhouse all year round, the business must be registered, as corporate clients prefer to cooperate with legal SPDs. In addition, the presence of official status somewhat simplifies the procedure for obtaining various quality certificates and other accompanying documents.

A novice entrepreneur in the process of creating a greenhouse business can use one of the following forms of ownership:

• Personal farm. Formally, for this option there is no limit on the number of greenhouses, however, the total area of ​​the site should not exceed 2.5 hectares. In addition, the owner of the household plot does not have the right to use the labor of hired workers, which turns growing vegetables at home into a family business. No official registration is provided by the legislation, except for the need to obtain a certificate from the administration that the farmer owns the appropriate land plot;
• Peasant farming. For peasant farms, there are no restrictions on the area of ​​the plot, the number of employees and the annual turnover of the enterprise. The enterprise is a collective form of ownership of citizens united by family ties - spouses, their parents and children, brothers and sisters. The head of the farm, determined at the general meeting, must receive the TIN of the entrepreneur and register with the tax authorities, and in the process of work regularly transfer contributions to the relevant funds;
• Individual entrepreneurship. By analogy with KFH, there are no restrictions for individual entrepreneurs, which makes it ideal for a large greenhouse enterprise with a large number of hired workers. If there are several owners, it is more expedient to choose an LLC and form an authorized fund of 10,000 rubles.

In the process of registering a peasant farm, individual entrepreneur or LLC, an entrepreneur must choose the UAT taxation system with a payment of 6% of the profit, and also indicate in the application the appropriate OKVED code for growing greenhouse vegetables (01.13.12).

Site search and preparation

The correct choice of the location of greenhouses determines the efficiency of the organization of production processes and the amount of costs associated with ensuring the successful functioning of the enterprise. Therefore, at the initial stage of the construction of a greenhouse complex, in the absence of its own premises, an entrepreneur must rent or purchase a land plot that meets several basic requirements:

1. It is advisable to initially make sure that the business can be expanded in the future by installing additional greenhouses;
2. A paved road must pass in the immediate vicinity of the site - otherwise the process of delivering raw materials and finished products can become much more complicated;
3. Growing vegetables with your own hands requires electricity and gas (except for greenhouses heated by coal and wood), so it is desirable to have power lines and gas pipelines nearby;
4. It is necessary to decide on the method of water supply, and then connect the complex to the central water supply or install your own well;
5. The location of greenhouses at any time of the year should exclude their shading by trees, other buildings or relief folds;
6. Permissible slope of the construction site - no more than 3–5%;
7. You should not place a greenhouse on windy hilltops and in lowlands, where frosty air lasts longer;
8. It is advisable to choose a site protected from the prevailing winds by terrain folds or a forest belt, while avoiding greenhouse shading;
9. Groundwater should not be close to the surface - otherwise, flooding, soil subsidence and rotting of plant roots are possible.

Greenhouse construction

Beginning entrepreneurs can build a greenhouse on their own or assemble it from ready-made structural elements offered by suppliers. The frame is most often mounted from metal profiles of various sections, and as a covering material they use:

• Polyethylene. The main advantages of polyethylene film are the lowest price and low weight. At the same time, the disadvantages include unsatisfactory transparency (especially in the presence of reinforcement), short service life and high vulnerability to mechanical damage. During the construction of greenhouses, the material is laid in two layers (outside and inside the frame) in order to create an air gap inside and thereby reduce the overall heat loss of the structure;
• Glass. Due to its high light transmission, this material is ideal for the construction of large greenhouse complexes, allowing the entrepreneur to save on artificial lighting. To increase the strength in agriculture, tempered glass 6 mm thick is used, which is characterized by a rather significant weight. In addition, the high thermal conductivity of the material in winter causes an increase in the cost of heating the greenhouse;
• Polycarbonate. Cellular polymer material successfully combines such advantages as high light transmission, good strength and low weight. In addition, growing vegetables in a polycarbonate greenhouse in winter becomes more profitable due to the low thermal conductivity of plastic. The main disadvantage of this coating is high temperature deformation - up to 5 mm/m in the temperature range from -30°C to +40°C.

Comparative characteristics of various covering materials are given in the following table. The calculation of the glazing area and the amount of heat loss was carried out for a modular arched greenhouse with dimensions of 29.4x7.5x3.8 m:

Comparative characteristics of covering materials

Greenhouse equipment

With the construction of the greenhouse, construction and installation work is not completed. At the next stage, the entrepreneur must install various units inside that are necessary to create the required microclimatic conditions and automate some production processes. As part of a business plan for growing vegetables, attention should be paid to the design of systems such as:

• Beds. Shelving shelves are suitable for cultivating low-growing plants with a small root system. Tall cucumber and tomato bushes should be planted on heated beds and tied to trellises as they grow. It should be noted that in a structure with dimensions of 29.4x7.5 m, the total area of ​​​​the beds, minus the passages and vestibules, is 140–150 m²;
• Ventilation. To ventilate large greenhouses, an open window or door is not enough. Therefore, in such structures, ventilation hatches with automatic control are provided or powerful exhaust fans are installed. In addition, in winter, cold outside air must be heated by passing it through heat exchangers with hot water;
• Heating. To grow vegetables all year round, greenhouses need to be well heated. The most convenient energy carrier is natural gas, but the laying of a separate pipeline is usually associated with significant costs. Therefore, many farmers heat their greenhouses with coal or wood, burning them in hot water boilers: in this case, the capacity of the equipment must correspond to the heat loss of the structure, determined for the lowest winter temperature.

Comparative characteristics of energy carriers

• Soil heating. In winter, even in greenhouses with an efficient heating system, the soil in the beds quickly cools to low temperatures, which leads to damage to the roots of plants. The soil is heated using electric mats or water heating circuits buried in the ground connected to the same hot water boiler;
• Lighting. In the cold season, the length of the day decreases, as a result of which the plants do not have enough light. Therefore, additional lamps are installed in greenhouses to maintain the required level of illumination for 12–14 hours. Ordinary incandescent lamps are not suitable for these purposes: it is recommended to use sodium, gas discharge or LED instead.

Comparative characteristics of lamps

Index	sodium	gas-discharge	LED
Power consumption, W	150	150	72
Price per unit, rub.	890	1320	4050
Luminous flux, lm	17500	14500	12000
Service life, hours	16000	15000	50000
Equipment cost, rub.	53400	79200	303000
Greenhouse energy consumption, W	9000	9000	4320
Monthly fee, rub.	6480	6480	3110

• Watering. Beds in small greenhouses can be watered with a watering can. However, in a large farm, it is better to automate such processes. For these purposes, a large-capacity tank is installed on an elevation, and then a system of pipes and capillaries is connected to it, supplying water and fertilizers directly to the roots of plants.
• Additional equipment necessary for the operation of the greenhouse complex are various tools (shovels, shovels, wheelbarrows), temperature and humidity measuring devices, as well as large-capacity cold storage chambers designed to store vegetables awaiting sale.

Greenhouse equipment

Name	price, rub.	Quantity, pcs.	Cost, rub.
greenhouse construction
Greenhouse frame 29.4x7.5x3.8 m	226300	1	226300
Polycarbonate 10 mm, sheet 12x2.1 m	7100	16	113600
Foundation strip 74 m	74000	1	74000
Greenhouse assembly	10000	1	10000
Heating system
Solid fuel boiler 100 kW	161800	1	161800
Polypropylene pipe	65	250 m	16250
Steel radiator 3 kW	6100	25	152500
Soil heating pipe	65	150 m	9750
Forced circulation pump	4000	2	8000
Shut-off valves	–	–	5000
Lighting system
Lamp DNAt150	890	60	53400
Reflector with cartridge E40	600	60	36000
Electrical cable 3x4 mm²	50	250 m	12500
Automatic switch	210	5	1050
Ventilation system
Greenhouse fan 1500 m³/h	3700	4	14800
Air filter	900	8	7200
Water heat exchanger 25 kW	4500	4	18000
Drip irrigation
Plastic water tank 2 m³	32000	1	32000
Polypropylene irrigation pipe	65	150 m	9750
tank pump	2500	1	2500
Shut-off valves	80	10	800
drip irrigation system	1800	5	9000
Optional equipment
Refrigerator 4.4 m³	57400	1	57400
garden tools	–	–	6000
Tapestry 4m	10	500	5000
Thermohygrometer	900	2	1800
Vegetable drawer	30	50	1500
Total:			1045900

Sales market

Simultaneously with the arrangement of a greenhouse for growing vegetables, the business plan should provide for the organization of uninterrupted and reliable distribution channels: almost all vegetables have a short shelf life, which makes it very difficult to avoid damage to the goods in case of any delays in the sale. In addition to self-selling to retail customers, which the owners of large greenhouse complexes usually do not practice, there are four ways to solve this problem:

• Sale to wholesale bases. Cooperation with wholesalers saves the time needed to sell the goods, but at the same time, the farmer is forced to reduce prices and deliver the goods to buyers on his own;
• Sales to resellers. Some entrepreneurs buy vegetables and other agricultural products from farmers for resale. Such clients most often have their own transport, which allows them to purchase products on a self-delivery basis;
• Retail work. A method that allows the farmer to get the maximum profit. However, negotiating with store owners, concluding contracts and organizing logistics are labor-intensive processes that require hiring at least a sales manager and a freight forwarder with a car;
• Sales to processors. Canneries and other processing plants also need regular supplies of raw materials. The farmer can sell quite large quantities of goods to such customers at adequate wholesale prices.

Capital investment

As a business, growing vegetables all year round requires a significant investment in preparing the production base. Also, the entrepreneur needs to register his company, clear the site for construction, connect the greenhouse to engineering networks, ensure the presence of the company on the Internet and purchase various consumables. It is also desirable to have an additional financial reserve to compensate for current costs, since the business owner will be able to receive profit only after the sale of the first harvest.

Investments

At the beginning of each production cycle, the farmer must prepare or purchase greenhouse soil, grow seedlings or order seedlings from suppliers, and purchase fertilizers. In addition, in the course of work, he will have to regularly replenish fuel supplies, pay for electricity and services of transport companies, and also bear the costs associated with issuing certificates for vegetables.

Video: How to make money growing vegetables in greenhouses

Annual expenses

Profit and profitability

The most important step in drawing up a greenhouse business plan for growing vegetables is the calculation of the profit received from the sale of various types of products. To predict the amount of income, you need to take into account the crop yield, the number of cycles per year and the range of seasonal fluctuations in wholesale prices.

Greenhouse income (before taxes)

culture	Average price, rub./kg	Annual yield, kg	Profit, rub.	Profitability, %
Zucchini	80	9000	338520	88,7
eggplant	65	7200	86520	22,6
tomatoes	70	9000	248520	65,1
cucumbers	95	9900	473520	124,1
bell pepper	110	8100	509520	133,5
Cauliflower	70	2700	-192480	0
Pumpkin	45	5400	-138480	0

It is obvious that the cultivation of cauliflower and pumpkin indoors in winter is not profitable, since the overhead costs in this case far exceed the possible income. Therefore, it is better to plant zucchini, tomatoes, bell peppers and cucumbers in the greenhouse. You can also do fresh herbs: for example, when growing spinach, an entrepreneur will receive a crop every two months and earn at least 700 thousand rubles at the end of the year.

The content of the business plan for growing vegetables:

1. Project summary.
2. Description of the business idea for growing vegetables.
3. Market analysis, assessment of business prospects.
4. Formation of a marketing strategy and income forecast.
5. Planning the expenditure side of the project.
6. Calculation of total values.
7. Assessing the risk factors of a vegetable growing project.
8. Determining the effectiveness of the project.

Why do you need a vegetable growing business plan?

1. With it, you are guaranteed not to lose the invested money and will be able to recoup the project for growing vegetables.
2. You will surely open the doors of banks and investment companies and get what you need.
3. With a business plan, you will be able to convince government authorities that your project is worthy of support.

An example of a business plan for growing vegetables

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Standard	extended with financial calculations with Excel financial model	extended with adjustments
Standard business plan		Expanded vegetable growing business plan with full business analysis and financial plan for 5 years
		Detailed financial model for growing vegetables
	Break even point calculation	Analysis of profit and profitability in the context of individual business areas and products Analysis of business risks and margin of safety in terms of sales volume, cost and credit load Sales forecast quarterly for 5 years Cost forecast quarterly for 5 years Calculation of conditions for obtaining and repaying a loan Break even point calculation Statement of Cash Flow quarterly for 5 years Analysis of financial and investment indicators
		Adjustment of the business plan to your figures by our analysts within 5 working days
Business plan volume: 30 pages.	Business plan volume: 80 pages.	Business plan volume: 80 pages.
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This kit is ideal for those who need a business plan to get a loan or attract investments.

Description

The extended business plan includes a financial model for growing vegetables in Excel format.

The business plan was developed taking into account the practice of evaluating projects in Russian banks, as well as taking into account the requirements of investors and entrepreneurship support funds in the Russian Federation. It will allow to justify management decisions on investing in the creation and development of growing vegetables, predict its financial results and assess risks.

A full description of the business plan can be downloaded from the link:

Content

To view the content, download the file:

Tables and graphs

To get acquainted with the list of tables, graphs and diagrams, see the file:

Payment and delivery

You can pay in the following ways:

• Bank cards (Russia)
• Electronic money
• Terminals and communication salons
• Money transfers
• Bank cards (International)

Sending a business plan and financial model:

Sending is carried out within 24 hours after payment to your email address.

Business organization

Carrots and onions, zucchini and eggplant, cabbage and beets, tomatoes and cucumbers - all that without which the diet of no one can do. The volumes of the vegetable market reach colossal proportions, and the cost of entering the business is relatively low. In order to carve out your niche and become a successful vegetable grower, you definitely need to prepare a competent and detailed vegetable growing business plan.

The business plan, in addition to calculations, contains information on specific steps in the implementation of the project:

1. Market analysis and formation of own marketing and production concept.
2. Search for investments in the project.
3. Acquisition of equipment, machinery, inventory.
4. Construction of structures to ensure the normal functioning of the work process.
5. Attracting personnel.
6. Purchase of seeds, fertilizers, etc.
7. preparatory activities.
8. Sowing work.
9. Beginning of work.

Vegetables can be grown outdoors or indoors. In the first case, you should correctly choose a place with fertile soil and decide which vegetables you are going to grow. Each crop requires a specific approach to growing technology. To maximize the result, this technology should be strictly adhered to. It is also important to choose quality seeds, and ask the manufacturer for information about their characteristics, including germination, etc.

Market analysis and description of the vegetable growing project

Vegetable consumption per capita is increasing every year, except for the period when the import ban was announced, but the market has already changed and consumption is rising again. However, there is still not enough domestically produced vegetables. This issue is relevant at the state level, which means that there is an opportunity to receive some kind of gratuitous assistance in case of focusing on this business, for example, free allocation of agricultural land, participation in the state. purchases or other assistance.

Produced goods/services

Fresh vegetables.

Potential clients

Shops, supermarkets, vegetable warehouses, farms, catering organizations, retail chains.

For growing vegetables (zucchini, eggplant, onions, carrots, beets, peppers and cabbage) in the open field, the following calculations will come in handy.

Financial part of a business plan for growing vegetables

Investments:

Attachments	Timing	Amount, thousand rubles
Paperwork and registration
Land lease
Design work
Construction of utility rooms and hangars
Acquisition of machinery, equipment and supplies
Marketing activities to find and establish relationships with buyers
Purchase of seeds
Purchase of fertilizers
Acquisition of protection
Other costs

According to the business plan of a large vegetable growing farm, the required investment will be about 20-25 million rubles.

Income:

The average revenue will be about 20 - 25 million rubles annually (production capacity for 400 - 450 tons of vegetables).

Expenses:

Annual expenses - an average of 15 - 20 million rubles.

Profit, payback and profitability of the business:

The payback period of the project is about 4 years, the profit is on average 4-8 million rubles, and the profitability is 25%.

Conclusions:

If you are thinking about which branch of agriculture to stop when organizing your business, pay attention to the cultivation of vegetables on an industrial scale - not too expensive, but quite an effective project. To provide for all the details and avoid pitfalls, prepare a working business plan.

Download a business plan template and you will be able to:

• Guided by your own ideas about the future business, independently calculate the performance and current performance indicators.
• Due to the fact that the calculated indicators will reflect the real situation, you will be able to promptly and sensitively respond to ongoing changes and adjust the work in the right direction.

• Marketing plan
• Recruitment
• Financial plan
• • • • Similar business ideas:

A brief business plan for growing vegetables indoors (greenhouse) with an area of ​​1000 square meters.

Marketing plan

The supply of high-quality fresh vegetables in our country is much lower than the demand for them. In Russia, only 25% of the total consumption of vegetables is produced under greenhouse conditions, and even less in the winter months - only 15%. The same vegetables that are imported from abroad cannot retain their freshness without additives, due to which the vegetable becomes hard and stored for a long time. This primarily applies to tomatoes, which as a result are delivered to the counter of our stores almost tasteless. This suggests that the sale of products grown in the greenhouse in our country will be found by 100%. Local products will have at least four advantages: freshness, taste (no additives), price (lower transport costs) and speed of delivery. The planned production volume should be about 200 kg of vegetables per square meter per year. This is the average yield shown by greenhouse farms in Russia, without the use of artificial lighting. Main crops: cucumbers, tomatoes and lettuce. Sales of vegetables are planned to be carried out at public catering points, food markets, local grocery chains and processing industries.

How much money do you need to start growing vegetables indoors (greenhouse)

For the construction of a greenhouse, the property already has a land plot with an area of ​​​​3000 square meters. meters. Therefore, the cost of starting a business will be somewhat lower. To start a greenhouse for growing vegetables, you will need:

• Purchase a turnkey greenhouse (1000 sq. m.) + installation + delivery - 3,000,000 rubles. (frame from a profile pipe, coating - from a film).
• Purchase the necessary equipment and inventory (racks, gas boilers for heating, etc.) - 500,000 rubles.
• Purchase fertilizers and planting material - 200,000 rubles.
• Bring communications (electricity, water supply) - 100,000 rubles.
• Register a business (peat farm, tax regime - ESHN) and create a reserve capital - 300,000 rubles.

Total total costs for the opening of the project will be: 4,100,000 rubles.

Recruitment

It is planned to attract 4 hired workers to service the greenhouse. Their responsibilities will include planting and caring for the crop, harvesting, packaging products, and maintaining the greenhouse area in good condition. Wages will be piece-bonus and will average 25 thousand rubles per month (per person).

Financial plan

Fixed monthly expenses:

• Salary + insurance contributions - 160 thousand rubles
• Utilities (electricity, water) - 100 thousand rubles.
• Planting material, packaging - 100 thousand rubles.
• Plant protection products - 10 thousand rubles.
• Depreciation - 10 thousand rubles.
• Other organizational expenses - 70 thousand rubles.

Total - 450 thousand rubles.

How much can you earn growing vegetables indoors (greenhouse)

Profit from the sale of vegetables depends on the season of sale. Traditionally, the maximum price for vegetables is observed in the spring-winter period. Tomatoes and cucumbers in this period of time can be sold at a price of 80 to 120 rubles per kilogram.

From a 1000 sq. m. monthly you can get about 16,000 kg of fresh vegetables. Even if we take the minimum price of 60 rubles per kg, then, provided that all products are sold 100%, the monthly revenue of the farm will be 1.2 million rubles. Net income in this case will be: 960,000 - 450,000 (fixed costs) = 510,000 rubles. Naturally, we will be able to receive such income only within 5-6 months. The rest of the time (summer-autumn) prices for vegetables are 2-3 times lower. Nevertheless, the project pays off, with proper organization, in just 8-12 months.

Before drawing up a business plan, you should decide what kind of greenhouse you will build, what products you will grow, where and how to sell it, how much money you are ready to invest initially.

The easiest way to get a beautiful front lawn

Of course, you have seen the perfect lawn in the movies, on the alley, and perhaps on the neighbor's lawn. Those who have ever tried to grow a green area in their area will no doubt say that this is a huge job. The lawn requires careful planting, care, fertilization, watering. However, only inexperienced gardeners think so, professionals have long known about the innovative tool - liquid turf AquaGrazz.

In order to draw up a competent business plan, the implementation of which can make your undertaking profitable, you should thoroughly understand the intricacies and nuances of this business.

Only after answering all the questions, you can begin to draw up a business plan.

Choose a field of activity

To understand which business suits you best, it is best to make several business plans for different branches of the greenhouse business.

Common to all business plans will be the preparatory stages.

• First, decide how many greenhouses you need. You should start by selling small lots. Since in this case you do not have to spend money on registration as an individual entrepreneur. It will be enough for you to register as the owner of a personal subsidiary plot. In this case, you will not have to pay taxes.
• Study your competitors well. Selling products that are oversaturated in the market will be much more difficult and less profitable.
• If you own land, this will significantly reduce costs.
• In order to reduce transportation costs when selling your products, study in advance where in your area or nearby you can sell it more profitably.
• Depending on the area of ​​the greenhouse, their number, you need to decide whether you will do it yourself or hire hired workers. If workers will work for you, then they will have to pay wages, make contributions to funds. These costs should also be included when calculating the cost of the business.
• If you are going to grow products year-round, then you need to calculate the cost of electricity. They can be significant during the winter, especially if you're looking to set up a business in areas with cold, long winters.

• Be sure to decide which growing system you decide to use. Hydroponics or natural soil. In the first case, you will receive the final product faster, but its quality will be much lower than that of soil.
• Decide which greenhouses you will install: permanent or portable. What kind of coating will they have: glass or film. Glass will be much more expensive than film. In addition, in areas with a hot climate and bright sun, plants can get sunburned. Therefore, in such regions it is better to use a film coating. But in regions with a temperate and cold climate, it is worth installing glass greenhouses for year-round turnover. Since they will have less heating costs.
• Decide where and how you will take planting materials. Of course, buying ready-made seedlings is much easier, but it is much more expensive.

In order to finally determine the cost of a business and calculate its payback period, one should take into account the nuances that exist in different sectors of the greenhouse industry.

Business plan for growing vegetables

In the greenhouse for sale, you can grow tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, eggplants. The most common is the cultivation of tomatoes and cucumbers.

Before you start growing tomatoes for sale, you should know what costs you will have.

Of course, the main argument in favor of choosing the cultivation of tomatoes is their wide scope, which leads to constant demand. But it is worth remembering that in the summer the cost of tomatoes is quite low. Although with the right agricultural technology, you can get a large amount of crop. And then the business will still make a profit.

For a tomato business to be successful, you need to choose the right tomato variety. Carefully study which variety is most suitable for your area. Try to choose varieties that give the highest yield, are undemanding to care for, resistant to diseases. Pay attention to the size of the bush, ripening, how ripe fruits can be used. To attract customers, it is worth allocating a small area for tomatoes of elite, exotic varieties.

The initial investment in seed materials will be significant, but in later years you will have your own seeds, and this will significantly reduce costs.

If you decide to sow tomatoes, then remember that the soil is best prepared a year before planting.

It is important to choose the right place. Tomatoes love the sun, but we must remember that excessive and hot it can lead to burns and death of tomatoes.

Watering is very important for tomatoes, so this is also worth considering when drawing up a business plan. You will have to water the bushes quite often, and the water consumption will be significant. If the nearest source of water is far away, the construction of the greenhouse will have to spend additional investments in laying the water supply, which will increase the cost of the project.

When growing tomatoes all year round, energy costs will increase significantly. Since for the ripening of tomatoes it will be necessary to use additional powerful lighting and heating. Therefore, growing them in small quantities all year round is not economically viable.

With seasonal specialization, in the off-season, radishes and onions are grown in greenhouses.

In order to make it easier to maintain the microclimate, it is better to install not one large, but several medium ones.

Pay attention to the size of the bush, ripening, how ripe fruits can be used.

Growing cucumbers is also a profitable business. In the greenhouse you can get good yields.

Organization costs will be lower than tomato greenhouses.

They can be grown directly by sowing seeds into the soil. The number of bushes per meter is greater than that of tomatoes. Accordingly, the yield is higher. But do not forget that during the period of mass harvesting, the cost of cucumbers is quite low.

Cultivation of cucumbers in winter in cold climates is a very expensive production, but the cost of such products is high.

Growing peppers, eggplants for sale in temperate regions in greenhouses is not economically viable. These crops can be used in small quantities to dilute the range. It makes no sense to allocate separate areas for them.

Growing greenery

One of the most profitable types of greenhouse business. The organization of the economy will require less investment than in vegetables. It can be grown all year round.

In addition, greens can be grown in two tiers, which significantly increases the yield.

In addition, you can grow herbs with different ripening dates. Therefore, a constant crop rotation can be achieved.

Greens are not as demanding on light and heat as vegetables. Electricity and heating costs will be much lower.

When developing business plans for growing greenery, one should especially pay attention to the prospects for marketing products. It will be unprofitable on the market to sell in small batches. Selling through intermediaries will also not provide an opportunity to make a profit. It is worth growing greens only when there is an agreement with a large consumer.

Taking into account all the nuances and choosing what you will grow, you can draw up a business plan. When calculating costs, this point should be taken into account. If you do not have enough own funds to open a business, you will have to attract borrowed funds. This point should be taken into account in the business plan, because you will have to repay the borrowed funds with interest, which will affect the final cost of the project.

Various types of business in the field of agriculture today are among the most promising. Growing potatoes is a promising and highly profitable project, but when implementing it, it is important to take into account all the nuances and strictly adhere to the developed business plan.

Business Relevance

Growing potatoes is a relevant and profitable business. Getting a high income from the project is due to the popularity of the root crop - it is eaten regularly by almost all citizens of the country. At the same time, even if a family grows potatoes on their own plot, they are not always able to provide for their own needs, so they buy root crops.

This business has certain advantages:

• growing potatoes is easy, it does not require special skills and abilities;
• the demand for the product does not depend on the season - it is consumed in large quantities all year round;
• low financial threshold for entering the business;
• quick profit - with proper organization, income will be received at the end of the first season;

and cons:

The implementation of the project will require material investments. Investments include items such as:

• plot rent - from 200,000 rubles;
• purchase of tubers for planting - 300,000 (at a cost of 15 rubles per kilogram of potatoes per 10 hectares of land);
• purchase of fertilizers - 100,000;
• organizational issues - 100,000;
• purchase of agricultural machinery - 2,500,000.

Important! You should also include in the list of costs money for the construction of a vegetable store - from 2,000,000 rubles and the amount for payments to employees.

The minimum investment amount to open your own agricultural business will be 5,200,000 rubles. Since the investments are quite large, it is necessary to competently approach the implementation of the project and study the technology of growing vegetables.

Step-by-step algorithm for organizing a business

At the decision-making stage, it is important to assess your financial capabilities - growing potatoes requires certain investments, as well as to think over the algorithm for opening an enterprise.

The first step is legal registration - the entrepreneur needs to decide on the scale of the business and choose the form of doing business:

1. If it is decided to grow root crops on your own plot on your own, then such activity is considered to be part-time personal farming and does not need official registration. But, only the farmer can sell the goods himself.
2. If the scale of cultivation is large, industrial, then it is advisable to formalize the activity, register with the Tax Authority as an individual entrepreneur, choosing the ESHN taxation system and indicating the OKEVD code 01.13.31.

Important! Retail chains and large buyers cooperate more actively with entrepreneurs, and not with farmers who sell their products privately.

Area selection and soil preparation

In order to grow vegetables in sufficient quantities for sale, you need to buy or rent a land plot. In particular, in the municipality it is possible to lease a land plot for a period of 49 years. The minimum area should be from 10 hectares.

Soil preparation begins in the fall - at this time, weeds are removed from the field, the land is plowed and organic fertilizers are applied. It is important to strictly observe the amount of fertilizer, otherwise, instead of a large crop, the opposite result will be obtained. You should also prepare planting material:

• buy tubers for planting;
• select medium specimens;
• cut large tubers in half, and sprinkle the cut with ash;
• potatoes are laid out in an even layer, left for three weeks, while it is important to prevent sunlight from falling on it;
• after this time, the tubers are moved to the storage place - the optimal indicators for the preservation of potatoes are humidity up to 85% and a temperature of about 3 degrees Celsius;
• a month before planting, the material is taken out into the light (but not under direct rays) and left until “eyes” appear.

Important! The optimum soil temperature for planting root crops is 8 degrees.

To optimize the process of planting, caring for and harvesting vegetables, you will need to purchase equipment:

• tractor - from 900,000 rubles;
• potato planter - from 320,000;
• harvester - from 430,000;
• a machine for inter-row cultivation of land - from 300,000;
• sorting line - from 410,000.

You will also need to equip a room for storing equipment and a vegetable store - it must be dry, have good ventilation.

Recruitment

To ensure smooth operation, you will need to select the right staff. As a rule, for cultivating the land, caring for plantings and harvesting, you need:

• machine operators - 2 people;
• mechanic - 1;
• security guards - 3 people, work in shifts;
• handymen - 10 people for the period of harvesting.

The business owner can take on some functions, such as bookkeeping and sourcing.

To obtain a quality harvest, it is important to follow the technology of planting and caring for vegetables. Potatoes are planted in rows, the distance between which should be at least 70 cm, while between the plants there should be a free space of 15-18 cm.

From the moment the tubers are planted to the appearance of sprouts, it takes from two weeks to a month, during which time weeds appear, the presence of which reduces the yield by 30-40%. To harvest a large crop, you need to carry out land cultivation activities:

1. Agricultural machines and cultivators are used to form soil ridges, loosen the earth and remove weeds. The soil is cultivated 5-9 cm deep. This treatment is carried out when the first shoots appear.
2. The second stage of processing takes place a week after the first. The main task of these activities is to create a favorable water and air balance in the soil.

Important! Timely processing and well-formed ridges contribute to an increase in plant resistance to drought, heat and diseases - late blight, rhizoctoniosis and others.

When processing, it is important to strictly observe the proportions of preparations, the speed of the spraying unit should not exceed 15 km / h, and the weather should be almost calm - the maximum wind speed is 4 m / s.

Important! Watering plantings should be regular 3 in the absence of rain, it is carried out every 3-4 days.

A couple of weeks before harvesting, desiccation is carried out with Basta or Stomp preparations. This procedure will allow the assimilation of nutrients from the tops into the tubers, which will improve the quality of the crop. Then:

• the dried vegetative mass is mowed;
• loosen the soil - such activities will allow you to get a high quality crop and improve its characteristics.

Video. Potato growing technology

Sales market

You should think about the possibilities of implementing the product at the stage of developing a business plan. As a rule, farmers sell products:

• independently - selling in the markets, from hands;
• through intermediaries - they sell the product to wholesale buyers, conclude a supply agreement with retail chains.

Important! To increase the value of the product, it is washed, packaged, vacuum-packed in a cleaned form.

Packaged potatoes are 2 times more expensive than what is sold by weight. You can pack root vegetables yourself, for this:

• potatoes are sorted, spoiled tubers are removed;
• the product is washed - the tubers are placed in a container, filled with water for an hour, after which the water is drained, this procedure is repeated 3 times;
• after washing, the roots are laid out in 1 layer until completely dry;
• dry potatoes are packed in bags, while it is important to observe a certain weight - for example, 2 or 4 kilograms;
• a label is attached to the package indicating the manufacturer and the weight of the product;
• the package is closed and fastened with a stapler.

Since these options do not allow you to make a big profit, you should think about organizing your own production - for example, you can make chips from potatoes. You can also increase the amount of profit received by opening your own catering enterprise, where all kinds of dishes from root crops will be served.

Business plan for growing root crops

An entrepreneur starting a business should take into account the possible risks - dependence on weather conditions (in dry and rainy years, the yield decreases), problems with the sale of products and high competition. You should also consider how to cope with these difficulties, whether it is possible to cope with competitors, for example, by offering the consumer a better product or the same product, but at a lower price.

When drawing up a business plan, it is important to take into account annual investments separately from the initial costs. These include:

• payment of land rent - 220,000 rubles;
• wages and tax deductions - 730,000;
• equipment maintenance and repair costs - from 100,000;
• fuel and lubricants - 190,000;
• purchase of chemicals and fertilizers - 170,000;
• ensuring normal storage conditions for the crop - 150,000;
• other expenses - 60,000.

Accordingly, the total amount of expenses for the year will be 1,620,000 rubles. With a yield of 25-30 tons per ha, from an area of ​​10 ha, a crop of 250-300 tons will be obtained.

With an average market price of potatoes of 20 rubles per kilogram, the profit will be from 5 to 6 million. Accordingly, under favorable circumstances, the minimum profit will be more than 3 million rubles.

These calculations show that growing potatoes is a cost-effective and profitable business that will pay off the funds invested in it in the shortest possible time.

Growing potatoes is one of the most profitable business options. But, it will bring profit only in case of competent organization and management of the project. An entrepreneur should familiarize himself with growing technologies, legal aspects and the specifics of the business, and only after that decide whether this business model is suitable for him.

Video. Business idea for growing potatoes