A ready-made example of a business plan for the manufacture of paving slabs. Production of paving slabs as a business

It is not easy to make a tile, it is even more difficult to sell it. The market is filled with all sorts of offers. There have been a lot of tile manufacturers in recent years. When opening a business, you must solve the problem: to whom and how to sell tiles. This is very important, because after hiring labor and buying equipment, you will have more serious problems. And even worse, if at this time you will not have product distribution channels.

“The production of paving slabs is a business with a low entry threshold. I bought a concrete mixer, a couple of molds, some raw materials, hired workers - that's the whole business. Such mini-productions are opened even in garage conditions, ”says Alexandra Leonidova, deputy. Development Director of ZAO Irkutskzolotoprodukt.

“Competition in our business is so intense that, despite the 30% increase in cement prices, we are forced not to raise prices for tiles,” says Mikhail, one of the tile manufacturers.

In addition, most products are far from ideal in quality. Saving at the start, manufacturers buy cheap equipment and use a simple vibrocasting production technology. As a result, their products are much inferior in quality to those produced by companies that have expensive and technologically advanced equipment.

Therefore, the only correct way today is to produce high-quality tiles at an affordable price (not higher than the average market price). This is the only way to ensure that your products will be in demand.

It is also worth considering the fact that the production of paving slabs is a seasonal activity. It is produced when the construction market comes to life, that is, in the spring. At other times of the year, it will not be possible to sell tiles, especially if production is open in the northern regions. For this reason, for many enterprises, this is more of an additional profile of activity, and not the main direction.

How much can you earn?

Income from the production of paving slabs, even with the same selling price for two different manufacturers, can differ dramatically. And the reason for this is the cost. The cost of producing paving slabs is highly dependent on technology and raw materials. For example, the vibrocasting method, where more manual labor is traditionally spent, will increase labor costs, hence the cost of finished products will also increase.

Much depends on the type of raw materials used. For the production of a quality product that will have increased frost resistance, it is necessary to use washed sand. But such raw materials are several times more expensive than ordinary sand. This again increases the cost of production. It is undesirable to save on components: due to poor-quality raw materials, your tiles will crumble in 2-3 years, which will hit the company's reputation. There is only one thing left - to optimize production processes and survive due to the volume of products produced.

The average cost of paving slabs produced by vibrocompression is 270 rubles/sq.m. The selling price is about 350 rubles/sq.m. Profit from one square meter - only 80 rubles. It turns out that in order to earn 80 thousand rubles a month, you need to sell 1000 sq.m. finished products. This is from 15 to 20 customers per month.

Equipment and technology

The cost of purchasing equipment depends entirely on the technology used. To date, two main technologies for the production of paving slabs are known: the vibrocasting method and the vibrocompression method.

The first option is more often used by novice entrepreneurs who do not have large investments. To start a business using vibrocasting technology, you will need to purchase a minimum set of equipment: a concrete mixer, a vibrating table, a set of molds, as well as handy tools: mittens, shovels, buckets. The cost of the entire set, including the purchase of raw materials, will not exceed 150 thousand rubles.

For the production of one square meter of tiles, 40 to 50 molds will be required. The mixture poured into molds is kept for about 2 days. Thus, for continuous production, at least two sets of molds are required. This technology allows you to organize a business actually at home, and to connect family members and relatives to the labor process.

Experienced market players point out several disadvantages of this technology:

1. Very poor performance. One square meter will dry out for two days, but what if an urgent order for 100 square meters is received? To do such work, you will have to purchase an incredible number of forms (several thousand), as well as have a large staff of workers. Many note this method and considerable loss of cement. Hence the high cost of production.

2. Low quality of the received products. The tile produced by this technology has low frost resistance, and its service life is no more than 4 years.

“The production of paving slabs using the vibrocasting method cannot be called a serious business,” the entrepreneurs say.

Video of the production process of paving slabs by vibrocasting:

Another technology - the vibrocompression method - is designed to eradicate all the shortcomings of the above method. The essence of this technology lies in the fact that the tile is produced by vibro-compacting the mixture with a small amount of water. As equipment, special installations (mini-factories) are used - vibropresses. The concrete obtained by vibrocompression has a low ratio of cement and water. This means that it reduces the consumption and loss of cement, increases the strength and frost resistance of finished products. The main advantage is line performance. With the help of even a small Russian-made vibropress, you can get from 20 to 30 sq.m. tiles per hour. Accordingly, for an eight-hour work shift, 160 - 240 sq.m. tiles. At the same time, only 3-4 people are enough to service the installation. With such opportunities, you can not be afraid of even the most urgent orders.

The method has only one drawback - investment in starting a business. The purchase of a new installation - the line will cost from 850 thousand rubles, depending on the line capacity and types of products. For example, a Rifey Udar brick making machine (Zavod Stroytekhnika LLC) will cost about 1.7 million rubles:

Expensive, but the machine is universal and can produce not only paving slabs, but also lawn gratings, curbs, pillars, wall and facing stones. Thus, it is possible to expand the list of products and significantly increase the capabilities of the enterprise.

Production of paving slabs at Condor plants

Who is the client and how to sell tiles

Buyers at paving slabs are different. It is bought by the owners of small summer cottages, and pensioners who take 2-3 square meters. m. Shop owners buy from 20 to 40 square meters. m., and the owners of cottages - 60-70 square meters.

Selling products is a whole science, and each manufacturer has its own methods in this regard. You can offer goods to wholesale dealers, but they ask for goods at a discount. It is also possible to supply tiles to retailers, construction markets and retail chains specializing in the sale of building materials.

For smaller, artisanal producers, the classic way of selling products may be appropriate. You can stand by the road, lay out several product options and hang a sign "Paving slabs". If the road has a large flow of cars and there are large cottage settlements nearby, then the influx of buyers is guaranteed.

A more expensive, but the most effective project is the creation of your own online store selling paving slabs and other building materials. Internet - trade is gaining momentum today, which can be a promising channel for the sale of products. It will take up to 150 thousand rubles to create and promote an online store. Also, the service will require hiring a certain number of sales managers and a web resource administrator.

Business development options

Some entrepreneurs combine the production and laying of paving slabs to increase profitability. The price of one square meter of tiles averages 350 rubles, and its laying costs the customer 400 rubles per square meter. It turns out that having your own brigade of stackers, you can earn another 40 - 60% of the profit. But this is more often done by small producers, large players are not interested in this process.

• Step-by-step business plan for the production of paving slabs: where to start
• How much money do you need to start a business
• Production of paving slabs: what documents are needed
  • • • Similar business ideas:

Starting investments in opening a business for the production of paving slabs amount to no more than 200 thousand rubles. The profitability of the business reaches 50%, and the equipment payback is only 3 months.

Characteristics of paving slabs

The attractiveness of the production of tiles lies in the fact that the state and private individuals are increasingly using it for laying sidewalks and household plots. And this is logical, because the pavement is more reliable, easier to repair and looks much more attractive than concrete or asphalt. And the laying process itself is understandable to many homeowners, in contrast to the same asphalt, the laying technology of which is known to the best of 5% of the country's population.

For the production of paving slabs with a volume of 1000 m2 per month, it will be necessary to rent a room with an area of ​​at least 100 m2 with a warehouse and a place to install a drying chamber. The cost of renting such a room is in the range of 20 to 30 thousand rubles per month, depending on the region.

To organize a mini-production of paving slabs, it is enough to attract no more than 3 people. At the initial stage, you will need one moulder, a dismantler and an accountant.

What equipment to choose for the manufacture of paving slabs

The total cost of purchasing such a set of equipment will be about 130 thousand rubles, taking into account the purchase of plastic molds.

When choosing equipment for the production of paving slabs, it is recommended to pay attention to domestic production equipment. It may partially lose in terms of manufacturability and level of automation to imported counterparts, but our equipment is cheaper, easier to repair, easier to find spare parts and, due to its simplicity, does not require hiring highly qualified workers.

The raw materials for the production of paving slabs are crushed stone screenings, sand, Portland cement, chemical additives (plasticizers, concrete modifiers, etc.), dry pigments and water.

Paving slab production technology

The technological process for the production of paving slabs is not complicated, and includes such stages as the preparation of a concrete mixture, the preparation of molds, the formation on a vibrating table, the holding of products in molds, the stripping of products and the packaging of finished tiles.

Shapes are the key element in tile production. Forms can be plastic, rubber and polyurethane. The most practical are rubber molds, as they can withstand up to 500 cycles of use. Plastic molds are slightly inferior to them in strength, they last for 200-250 cycles, and polyurethane molds for only 100 cycles.

Forms before pouring concrete are lubricated with chemical additives based on C-3 plasticizer, which improves the mobility of concrete during spreading, increases the strength and frost resistance of products.

For the preparation of concrete, it is recommended to use cement grades M500 and M400. Crushed stone with fractions of 0.5-0.10 cm is used as a coarse aggregate, and building sands with a particle size of at least 2 are used as fine aggregates. Crushed stone and sand are mixed in proportions of 1: 1.

After preparing the concrete mixture, it is placed in molds and compacted on a vibrating table. Then the vibrated products are stacked on a pallet and sent to a drying cabinet, where they are kept in molds for a day.

The disassembly of the tiles is carried out on the disassembly table with the help of nozzles. The demoulding of one tile lasts about 5 seconds.

Upon completion of the formwork, the finished tiles are placed on pallets. The packaging of products is carried out using packaging scissors, tape and metal staples. The final strength of the tile is gaining within 21 days.

The cost of production of 1 m2 of paving slabs averages 250 rubles. At the same time, the main costs are made up of material costs and wages of hired personnel. The wholesale selling price of tiles reaches 450 rubles / m2.

How much can you earn by opening the production of paving slabs

Net profit after payment of all taxes is 120 rubles/m2. In the production of paving slabs with a volume of 1000 m2 per month, the entrepreneur's profit is about 120 thousand rubles.

The payback of equipment, subject to 100% sales of the produced tiles, can be only 3 months.

• What equipment to choose
• Sales Technology
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A sample business plan for the production of paving slabs on a mini-enterprise scale. Paving slabs are a popular material that is widely used in paving streets and territories. Paving slabs have several advantages over asphalt pavement.

Sample business plan for the production of paving slabs on the scale of a mini-enterprise

Paving slabs are a popular material that is widely used in paving streets and territories. Paving slabs have several advantages over asphalt pavement:

• Longer period of use (up to 30 years);
• Environmental friendliness, since only safe components are used in the production of tiles;
• Durability, the material is not damaged by temperature and humidity changes, and also withstands heavy loads;
• Colorful appearance and unique design.

Today there is a large selection of equipment for the production of paving slabs from manual to automatic lines. The production itself can be organized in almost any room with an area of ​​80 m2. With the production of 1000 m2 of paving slabs per month, two workers can handle it.

Do I need permission to open this business

To organize the production of paving slabs, it is enough to register individual entrepreneurship. As tax systems the best option is the simplified taxation system (STS), 6% of revenue or 15% of profit.

We will calculate the main indicators of the economic efficiency of the production of paving slabs by the vibrocasting method.

Introductory information:

• Production area: 90m2;
• Type of ownership: rent (25 thousand rubles/month);
• Number of shifts: 1 shift;
• Productivity per shift: 50 m2 tiles or 1100 m2 per month;
• Number of working days in a month: 22 days.

How much money do you need to start a paving slab business

Capital costs for starting a business for the production of paving slabs will amount to 358,500 rubles.

Download business plan for the production of paving slabs

The cost of materials for the production of 1 m2 of paving slabs is 169.36 rubles.

Salary costs will amount to 32,000 rubles per month.

The cost of production of 1 m2 of paving slabs is 252.8 rubles. The total expenses per month are 278,036 rubles.

How much can you earn in the production of paving slabs

Conclusion: The net profit of the enterprise for the production of paving slabs will amount to 137.6 thousand rubles per month. The profitability of production with such indicators is 49.5%, and the payback period for capital investments is only 2.6 months. It is worth considering that such indicators are possible subject to 100% sales of all manufactured products, which is 1100 m2 of paving slabs per month.

Recommended download business plan for the production of paving slabs with our partners, with a guarantee of quality. This is a complete, ready-made project that you will not find in the public domain. The content of the business plan: 1. Confidentiality 2. Summary 3. Stages of project implementation 4. Characteristics of the object 5. Marketing plan 6. Technical and economic data of the equipment 7. Financial plan 8. Risk assessment 9. Financial and economic justification of investments 10. Conclusions

Step-by-step opening plan, where to start

A significant advantage in organizing a business for the production of paving slabs is the absence of the need to obtain special licenses and mandatory certification.

In this regard, it is necessary to draw up a business plan taking into account the following factors:

• Registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC, depending on the volume of sales and production.
• Selection of premises for production.
• Purchase and installation of the necessary equipment.
• Selection and training of personnel.
• Adjusting the sale of products to the sales market, setting up agreements for deliveries with sales representatives.

What equipment to choose

It is possible to establish mass production of paving slabs only if high-quality equipment is available. You will need to purchase:

• Forming and unforming vibrating tables.
• Plastic molds to create the desired tile sizes.
• Special additives of minerals to the composition of concrete, strengthening its structure and giving the desired parameters.
• Various dyes.

Do not forget to organize the purchase of raw materials for production - cement, sand and crushed stone.

Which OKVED to indicate when registering a business

When submitting documents for registration of an individual entrepreneur, it is necessary to indicate the OKVED code 2. 23.6: production of products from concrete, cement and gypsum.

What documents are needed to open

Registration of a business will require registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In the first case, a businessman must submit a notarized application for business registration indicating the OKVED code, a photocopy of the passport and IND code, as well as a receipt for payment of the state fee. If you want to additionally obtain a quality certificate, then you need to contact the appropriate organization, which will conduct an analysis for compliance with GOST, identifying indicators of humidity, frost resistance, mechanical strength, etc.

Which taxation system to choose

In most cases, entrepreneurs register a business by choosing a single tax on imputed income. A simplified taxation system would also work.

In the modern world, with the growth of people's well-being, more and more attention is paid to the decoration of patios, paths in gardens, areas adjacent to the building. Those who have sufficient financial means can afford to make them from granite or marble.

But most people acquire paving slabs for these purposes. Therefore, a small business for the production of paving slabs, with the right organization, will not only bring a certain income, but also flourish. In addition, the business can include not only the production of tiles, but also work on its laying. This will attract many more people who want to buy it from you.

How to start a business

Before you start formalizing and registering a paving slab business, you need to develop a business plan. What should be included in it?

• First, you need to decide on the choice of technology for manufacturing tiles.
• Then select the appropriate equipment, calculate the costs based on its cost, transport costs for delivery and installation.
• Next, calculate the amount of raw materials needed for the production of one batch of paving slabs and its cost.
• Provide for how the finished product will be packaged and where it will be stored.
• Based on this, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room is determined.
• It is also necessary to think over the ways of selling finished products and the expected income.

Let's take a closer look at each item in the business plan.

Types of paving slabs

There are several types of paving slabs, which have fundamental differences due to the choice of raw materials for their manufacture.

1. Classic paving slabs. Concrete mixtures are used in its manufacture. It can have a different surface texture: smooth, Greek, Roman, parquet and scales, circles and a star, shagreen, etc. Such tiles are produced in several colors: blue, gray, green, red and yellow. The size of the tile is 315x315x40 mm.
2. Polymer sand tiles (plastic). It is based on a mixture of polymeric materials and sand with various modulating additives. This is a durable and practical look, resistant to corrosion and other mechanical and chemical influences. It retains its color throughout the entire period of operation. It does not form sparks and cement dust, which allows it to be used for arranging floors in industrial premises and bathrooms.
3. A relatively new type of paving slabs is rubber. It is made from car tires crushed into crumbs, which makes this type of tile plastic. It is resistant to acids and alkalis, has elasticity, does not cause wear on shoes, and does not crumble even in severe frosts. This is an ideal option for equipping children's and sports grounds, the area around the pools. It has a slightly rough surface that gives good grip to the sole of the shoe, which prevents slipping.

Manufacturing technology

There are two technologies for the production of paving slabs:

• Vibrocompression. Products obtained by semi-dry pressing have geometrical accuracy, stability of operational parameters, high frost resistance and low (up to 5%) water absorption. The disadvantage of this method is the expensive equipment. The cheapest vibropress "Condor" (for small businesses) costs 250,000 rubles. Its power is 4.4 kW, productivity is 40 m² of paving slabs, 200x100x70 mm in size, per shift. Its package includes a vibropress with a Poisson matrix, a pumping station and a control panel. Racks and pallets must be purchased separately.
• Vibrocasting. The tile obtained by this technology has high performance. It has a smooth, glossy surface. This is the best option for small businesses. The cost of equipment - from 27,000 rubles.

The technological process in both cases consists of the following steps:

1. Preparation of relevant forms. Before use, each form must be lubricated with a special compound. It is better to use emulsol. It is applied in a thin layer, with a brush or by spraying. It is forbidden to lubricate them with compounds that contain petroleum products. Forms can be used without pre-lubrication. The only condition in this case is their treatment with an antistatic agent before the first use. After removing the finished tile from the mold, it is washed with a 7% hydrochloric acid solution.
2. Preparation of the composition for filling. To do this, a mixture of sand with crushed stone, cement and filler, the required amount of water are placed in the concrete mixer. When preparing a colored single-layer tile, a dye is added. In the production of two-layer tiles, using two concrete mixers, the dye is used only in the second mixer.
3. Formation and pouring of the prepared mixture into molds on a vibrating table, or compaction by means of a press vibration pulses.
4. Drying the product in natural conditions. To do this, the forms with the mixture are placed on special racks or left on the floor. When drying with hot steam, they are placed in special containers. To exclude excess moisture loss, the forms are covered with a film. Drying time from 15 to 24 hours.
5. The removal of the finished tile from the molds is carried out on a special table with vibration. Forms with finished tiles are immersed in special baths with water heated to 50ºС for a couple of minutes. The polymers from which the molds are made expand and the tiles can be easily removed. After the molding process, the tile is placed on pallets, tied with packing tape and covered with stretch film or special polyethylene shrink film.
6. Transportation for storage or sale.

Necessary equipment

For the manufacture of paving slabs, the following equipment will be required:

• Gravity type concrete mixer with V-belt and gear drive. For the production of single-layer tiles, one unit is enough. Making a two-layer tile will require two concrete mixers. The cost of one concrete mixer is from 10,000 rubles.
• A molding vibrating table, with a vibration frequency of 80 Hz and a power consumption of 250 V, with dimensions of 180x80x80 cm, will cost 27 thousand rubles. About 17 thousand rubles will have to be spent on the purchase of a table for disbanding.
• Packaging equipment, including strey-film, metal or PP tape, as well as a device for tensioning and compressing staples. Its cost is from 3000 rubles.
• To move the finished product to the storage location, you will need a hydraulic rokla, costing from 7,000 rubles.
• Forms for filling the mixture, up to 200 pieces, at a price of 35 rubles or more per piece. They can be:
  1. rubber - up to 500 fills are used,
  2. plastic (PVC) - up to 250 fills;
  3. polyurethane - up to 100 fills.
• During the drying period, the molds are covered with reinforced PVC film. Its cost is 45 rubles and more per linear meter.
• Racks on which molds with curing tiles are installed.
• Pallets (pallets) for transportation of finished products.

Raw materials for making tiles

The following raw materials are used for production:

1. Cement brand M500 D-0 (without additives) or M400.
2. Granite crushed stone (fraction size should not exceed 10 mm).
3. Sand, the fineness modulus of which is less than 2. To prepare the mixture, 1 part of crushed stone and 3 parts of sand are taken.
4. Mineral additives (dry):
   • Dispersant - added to the first layer. First, a solution is prepared, for the preparation of which 5 kg of dispersant is poured into 20 liters of hot (60ºС) water. For 50 kg of cement, one liter of the prepared solution is added.
   • Plasticizer - used in the preparation of the second layer of tiles. For this, 1 kg of plasticizer is diluted with 4 liters of hot water. For 50 kg of cement, ¼ of the prepared solution is taken. Both modifiers are added to the concrete mixer simultaneously with the main mix.
   • Dyes (pigment) are added to the mixture at the rate of 2 kg of dye per 50 kg of cement. Exceeding this norm reduces the frost resistance and strength of the finished tile.

Production cost and business profitability

To calculate the cost of 1 m², the following indicators are taken:

1. The cost of renting a room.
2. The cost of electricity and water supply.
3. Workers' wages.
4. The cost of one cubic meter of concrete, from which an average of 16 m² of tiles is obtained.

Suppose the cost of manufacturing one square meter of paving slabs amounted to:

1. The cost of raw materials, including delivery - 110 rubles,
2. Electricity - 1.30 rubles.
3. Depreciation costs for the operation of the premises and equipment - 3 rubles.
4. Salary - 9.5 rubles
5. Taxes - 1.2 rubles.

Total: the cost of one m² of tiles was 125 rubles.

In a month, 8,000 m² of paving slabs were manufactured and sold at a conditional price of 300 rubles per square meter.

Income received - 2,400,000 rubles.
Spent on production - 1,000,000 rubles
Taxes paid - 400,000 rubles.
Net profit - 1,000,000 rubles.

Even if the tile is sold at a lower cost, production will still be profitable. Having a constant sales market, all costs for equipment, etc., will pay off quickly enough.

But you will have to take care of the sale of products. Various promotions will be required, including promotional booklets with product descriptions. The most effective of them is advertising on various Internet resources. Do not forget about the prospects. Since any business must constantly develop, and not stop at the achieved results.