What is needed for a sewing workshop. Opening of an atelier for repair and tailoring
How to open an atelier: step-by-step instructions - is it worth renting a place in a shopping center and 7 main stages of organizing a tailoring business.
Capital for opening an atelier: 286,000 rubles.
Business payback period: 6-8 months.
Nowadays, virtually every person tries to follow fashion, embody current trends in their wardrobe.
However, at the same time, people try to stand out, differ from each other in accessories, hair, and most importantly, clothing.
Everyone wants to have a unique and stylish thing.
But in times of currency instability and a general economic crisis, not everyone has the means to acquire famous brands.
You can, of course, try domestic brands.
But when it comes to quality and interesting design, you still have to pay a tidy sum.
Based on this, it follows that the relevance of such a direction as the clothing business is now at its peak.
And you can safely think about open your own salon.
Of the advantages of individual tailoring, one can single out the fact that many people have a far from standard physique.
And this means that even having the financial ability to buy expensive and high-quality clothes, store customers face a certain problem.
It is not certain that a new trendy blouse will fit or sit the way you would like.
Naturally, one who has an idea about should be engaged in individual tailoring.
And not just general knowledge and skills, but many years of experience.
This is due to the fact that in this area there are many nuances known only to a true professional.
What you need to open an atelier: the main stages of organization
The first step is to decide what exactly the studio will do.
After all, in addition to the fact that you can sew wardrobe items, they can also be repaired, restored or altered (hemmed, sewn up, shortened).
It should be understood that for an atelier that carries out individual tailoring, it is not so important to choose a narrow list of services provided.
Since the more the salon can offer, the more customers can apply to it, and, accordingly, the profit from this will also grow.
It is also worth considering the high probability of such situations: a person came to the atelier to sew a jacket, and in the process found out that here he could restore his old leather jacket, shorten his trousers, and his thinner wife could sew in his beloved, but big on her, dress.
Such an “assortment” is welcome and will allow you to transfer an occasional visitor to the category of regular customers.
Moreover, the tips given in this article on how to open a tailoring studio also cover the provision of services for its repair.
After all, these are two almost identical questions.
There is no difference even in the staff of specialists or the set of equipment.
Everything rests only on knowledge and skills.
What kind of services does this line of business provide to customers:
- design and tailoring of evening dresses (dresses for prom are very often in demand);
- creating unique wedding dresses for both the groom and the bride (most often, people do not spare money for wedding ceremonies);
- tailoring copies of famous designers (also in demand, as it is still cheaper than the original);
- repair of old things (replacement of collars, fasteners, etc.).
After you decide which of the above services will be provided in the future, you need to indicate your choice in the atelier.
Its creation is one of the main points of organizing any business.
It serves as the backbone of any endeavor, makes the entrepreneur feel more confident and helps to identify the risks and weaknesses of the business before the plans are put into practice.
Step-by-step algorithm for opening an atelier:
- Determination of the main characteristics of the enterprise (the very direction of activity and types of services provided, which you need to decide first of all).
- Registration of a business (how to properly register a company).
- Rent and equipment for repair and tailoring (what kind of premises is needed, and what tools to be purchased).
- Employees (who needs to be hired, and what requirements to present to employees).
- Attracting customers (events to promote business, advertising).
- Opening cost (bringing all the calculations together).
- Profitability of the studio (calculation of the main risks and payback of the enterprise).
How to register a company for tailoring and repairing clothes?
As in many other areas, a private business can be registered and formalized in two ways, such as: individual entrepreneurship (abbreviated IP) and a limited liability company (LLC).The difference is that if you are the sole owner and founder of this business, it is worth it.
This will greatly facilitate further bookkeeping, as well as simplify the conditions of taxation.
But if you decide to open an atelier together and there will be several founders, you have no other choice but to register an LLC.
You will need to select the appropriate OKVED codes (All-Russian Classification of Economic Activities).
In this case, you need to look for "tailoring", etc.
The last, but more difficult step for most entrepreneurs, is obtaining all the necessary permits from Rospotrebnadzor and similar government agencies.
According to average indicators, it will take about 5,000 rubles for registration if you do things yourself.
By delegating business to intermediaries, you increase the “price tag” by 2-3 times.
How to open your studio in a rented room?
For renting a room for a studio, where it will be located is very important. According to statistics, traffic depends on more than 70% of where you decide to open a point.
It often happens that a person in need of such services just passed by.
Attracted by the sign, he stops by to ask if the atelier provides the services he needs.
And if their cost suits him, he subsequently turns to him.
And if you also like the quality, you will become a regular customer.
This is especially true for women.
After all, men, as a rule, go to the studio when they are faced with an urgent need to repair or repair clothes.
Women, on the other hand, set aside things that need the service of an atelier, and, if possible, take them away.
There are two options for premises for an atelier: renting premises in a shopping center or renting premises in a residential area.
Each of the options where to open an atelier has its pros and cons.
Renting premises in the mall:
| pros | Minuses |
|---|---|
| There are always a lot of people in shopping and entertainment centers. | You can not place advertising signs on the showcase without warning the administration. |
| It is possible that the thing bought in the same center will not fit in length or width. And buyers immediately after the acquisition will turn to the studio for help. | The atelier will be forced to work according to the schedule of the shopping center. |
| Shopping centers always have their own security. | The studio will also have to pay for permission to distribute flyers. |
| In winter, shopping centers have heating. | High rental cost. |
The pros and cons of renting a room in a residential area are obvious, since they are opposite to those given in the table above.
As for the parameters and all the necessary requirements for the rented premises:
- the presence of a bathroom is mandatory;
- it is necessary to conduct electricity in the studio;
- the area must be at least 10 square meters (excluding the area for the restroom).
Since the atelier works only during the daytime, and the work does not create any strong noise, it is quite possible to equip it on the ground floor of a residential building.
The average rental price will be from 45 thousand rubles in a large city.
What equipment is required to start a tailoring business?
Before you open your studio and purchase the necessary equipment, you should figure out what factors affect its price.This list includes:
- manufacturer country;
- functionality of studio equipment;
- the material from which it is made, its quality indicators;
- firm (there are little-known firms that demonstrate good quality, but are much cheaper).
The minimum list of what you need to open an atelier looks like this:
| View | Quantity, pcs.) | Approximate price (rub.) |
|---|---|---|
| Total: | RUB 111,100 | |
| Sewing machine | 2 | from 7 000 |
| Steam iron (steamer) | 1 | 5 100 |
| Ordinary iron and board for it | 1/1 | 1 000 /1 000 |
| Overlock | 1 | from 15 000 |
| Dressing room | 1 | from 15 000 |
| All other equipment: (furniture, lighting, etc.) | 60 000 |
What kind of employees do you need to open a tailoring studio?
If you yourself are engaged in sewing and accounting (which is recommended to save money and speed up payback, but requires the necessary knowledge), then you will need only two seamstresses.
One of them should combine tailoring and specialization of the cutter.
PS. If, when submitting a vacancy, you immediately warn that the duties include maintaining cleanliness in the workplace, you can save on a cleaning lady.
The approximate salary for one experienced seamstress in the studio is 20,000 rubles.
This includes the rate (16,000 rubles) and a percentage of income (depending on the amount of work performed).
How to open a clothing repair shop so that it makes a profit?
The key to the success of any business is customers.
In order for your studio to pay off and bring a stable profit, you need to spare no expense to promote it.
In this business, standard promotion methods are suitable, such as:
- promotion of the studio in social networks (it is relatively cheap, and at the same time effective);
- outdoor advertising (including the design of the atelier's premises - banners, stoppers, a bright signboard);
- printing of business cards and leaflets;
- if the studio is located in a residential area, advertising can be placed in the elevators of neighboring residential buildings.
How much money do you need to invest to open a studio?
The cost of opening an atelier depends on many factors.
Consider the average cost of starting a business:
Regular investments
"Great opportunities come to everyone, but many don't even know they've met them."
William Channing
It is worth not only taking into account all the costs of opening an atelier, but also calculating the costs for each month of its activity.
Until the company starts to pay for itself, you will have to invest work and promotion from the "financial pillow".
With the story of how a young girl decided to open her own atelier and how she succeeded,
you will see in the video:
How quickly will the idea of opening an atelier pay off?
In a month, subject to the successful work of the studio, you can earn from 80,000 rubles.
Of this amount, "net income" will be approximately 30%.
Based on these data, payback can take from six months to 8 months.
If, according to the calculations, the process takes longer, then this is already an alarming sign that you made a mistake somewhere.
Of course, there is a risk that there will not be enough customers at first.
Analyzing the question how to open a clothing repair shop, it can be concluded that not such large capital investments will be required.
Therefore, anyone can open such a business.
The main thing is to have the necessary knowledge and the desire to succeed.
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One lady was thinking about opening her own atelier for tailoring fashionable clothes. Shared my thoughts with a friend. Less than a month later, when all the acquaintances, at a meeting with knowledge of the matter, asked her: “So how?” Organizing a sewing business is a short-lived business. And if you inform the “right” person about this, who will help spread information at the speed of a viral infection, then it is likely that customers will not have to wait long. The main thing is that each client becomes a regular ...
Naturally, there are difficulties everywhere, manna from heaven does not fall on sewing workshops. Often, tailoring at home is at the origins of a large atelier or fashion house - a sewing master (more often a craftswoman) grows into the owner of a strong business. But being able to sew and love sewing yourself is not a prerequisite in order to create a successful enterprise that provides tailoring services to order or a large-scale production - a garment factory.
Depending on the format (degree of specialization and production volumes), it is possible to classify the options for organizing a clothing business as follows.
home sewing business
As a rule, initially it is a source of additional income. But if desired, it can be turned into the main one, and quite worthy. This requires:
- systematize work with the involvement of customers, possibly by distributing flyers, creating a business card site;
- the need to modernize your “production base” - your sewing machine must be multifunctional, you will need a good iron with a steam generator, and possibly a special device for steam treatment on weight;
- allocate a separate place in your apartment for your mini-workshop, where you can not only place sewing equipment and tools, but also a convenient cutting table, a rack with hangers for finished orders, a shelf for fashion magazines and boxes with patterns. Also think about where it will be convenient for you to talk with customers and measure them: you will need a large mirror and a screen for changing clothes;
- invest more in a subscription to fashion publications - magazines with patterns and descriptions, try to keep abreast of the vagaries of fashion.
You don't have to specialize in tailoring. You can choose another direction - to make custom-made sets of bed linen or curtains. But when choosing such options, you need to understand that, firstly, you will need to pay more attention to advertising your services, and secondly, it is unlikely that you will be able to compete with large ateliers with a similar specialization. They can afford to use a wider range of modern equipment, the cost of their products is lower due to the division of labor and the purchase of materials at small wholesale and wholesale prices.
But if your products have a pronounced individuality, a “zest”, you will definitely find your customers. Today there are quite a lot of people who highly appreciate the charm of exclusivity in the things around them.
If things in the home sewing workshop are going so well that customers have to wait in line, it's time to grow up: take on assistants and change location.
Evaluate your abilities: if you are able not only to create yourself, but also to lead a small team, sit down for calculations. Calculate what your expenses will be, what average monthly revenue you can count on, how much money you need to invest in additional equipment.
You can look for a room close to home so that your regular customers get to you along the usual path. In any case, you need to try to notify them about your "moving".
The room for the sewing workshop must be non-residential, comply with fire safety requirements and sanitary standards, have sound insulation, good ventilation and industrial electrification - 380 V. The equipment should be located in accordance with safety requirements and sanitary standards. It is also necessary for workers to provide the necessary level of lighting, air conditioning and air purification - to comply with labor protection requirements.
You can place an office (reception) and a cutting table in a prestigious area, and a workshop in a cheaper place, but choose the most convenient room for production. In this case, you will be able to enjoy all the benefits of a location in an elite location and at the same time significantly save on rent, but transport costs will increase.
The following scheme of work of the mini-studio is optimal:
- Premises - 60-80 sq. m., consisting of a reception room, a fitting room, a workshop, a mini-warehouse and household premises;
- Equipment - two or three sewing machines, overlock, equipment for steam processing and ironing, mannequins, hangers;
- The main staff: three seamstresses, a foreman, a versatile cutter, an administrator.
Perhaps, for a start, you will take only a couple of people for stitching and overlock, and leave the most crucial moments, including the functions of a fashion designer, to yourself. But over time, you will definitely have an assistant - a “production deputy”. This will be a qualified master (and part-time technologist and fashion designer), to whom you can entrust both production control and general management of the atelier.
Of course, with the expansion of production, the staff also grows, and household multifunctional sewing machines are replaced by industrial ones - stitching, overcasting, hemming, buttonhole and button semi-automatic machines, cutting knives (tape or disk). As a rule, industrial equipment has a long service life - you can buy used ones.
Fashion house, sewing workshop, garment factory
By expanding the production and marketing capabilities of your sewing enterprise, you can go in two ways: aim at creating exclusive fashion models and small batches of high-quality items for expensive stores and salons (such an enterprise is usually called a fashion house), or turn your business into a large sewing workshop - large-scale production of simple items of clothing and everyday life for general consumption, for sale in large quantities.
The difference between a sewing workshop and an atelier and a fashion house lies in the narrow specialization of several automated lines. Its products have an affordable price, profitability is achieved through production volumes. Typically, such an enterprise does not require high-class specialists, as for the creation and tailoring of exclusive clothing models.
A clothing factory can combine the features of a fashion house and a sewing workshop. But this is already a different format and level of business, which implies the creation of a number of interconnected services - marketing, supply, accounting, planning and financial, as well as controlling and servicing production and technological processes and implementation. But that soldier is bad, who does not dream of general's shoulder straps ... And it's just fine if, when compiling and calculating a business plan for a mini-studio, you do not forget about strategic planning for the long term.
A few words about formalities
When moving from fulfilling private orders of your friends at home to stable work in your own sewing workshop, you need to “have” a legal status - just register as an individual entrepreneur. When choosing a tax system, consider buying out a patent.
Before you officially place your first order in your atelier, you must notify Rospotrebnadzor of the start of activities. The procedure for providing notifications can be found in the “Rules for submitting notifications on the start of certain types of entrepreneurial activities and accounting for these notifications” approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation (dated July 16, 2009 N 584).
Important: if you intend to switch from fulfilling individual orders of individuals to manufacturing batches of garments for sale, you will face the issue of mandatory certification of your garments. Detailed information can be found in the Technical Regulations of the Customs Union TR TS 017/2011 "On the safety of light industry products". The most stringent approach to determining compliance with the established norms for first layer clothing and other products that have direct contact with the skin (bed linen, handkerchiefs, etc.).
And the last thing: even if you are still working at home, place orders according to all the rules - enter all the wishes of customers and the conditions for fulfillment into them. This way you will save yourself from the claims of customers with a bad memory and changeable desires.
Video
We invite you to watch the video on the topic of the article.
Can a woman raise her own business on her own? How to open a successfully developing, promising sewing studio and make it competitive in a provincial town?
Our interlocutor, Svetlana Nikolaevna Antonova, the owner of her own sewing studio "Christina" located on the main street of the city of Usman.
- Hello Svetlana. Tell us how it all started?
I did not study at any specialized educational institution as a seamstress, tailor, clothes designer and other professions related to sewing. There just came a time, back in school, when I wanted to do it. So I started sewing and have been sewing for 20 years now.
At first, I sewed according to ready-made patterns, then the popular Burda magazine came out, and I already took something from there, learned something on my own.
- How did you decide to open your own atelier for tailoring and repairing clothes?
I worked for many years at a local garment factory as a pattern cutter and learned a lot there. Then she got a job at the Victoria L garment factory, but already as a clothing designer. The time has come, and I realized that it was time to open my own business.
- How to open a tailoring studio from scratch? Where did you start?
Sewing studio, a business that requires a significant investment. To begin with, I decided to take an increased subsidy from the state to support business - 300,000 rubles.
It is very important to note here that this was the first year when not only novice entrepreneurs under 30, but also those over 30 could receive this money. And I got into this wave very successfully.
- Here, if possible, in more detail. What documents did you collect to receive a subsidy? I know that for such a high amount, there is a very big competition. Do you need to submit a detailed business plan for a tailor shop?
Indeed, I should have
- Register with the employment center as unemployed;
- To issue the status of IP;
- Create a well-calibrated tailoring and repair of clothes;
- Submit all these documents to the district administration for approval to receive funds.
- To know how to open an atelier, is a business plan required or is it only needed to approve a subsidy?
Of course, the program implies many nuances that every novice entrepreneur should know. Otherwise, the business is simply doomed. This is a kind of cheat sheet, a hint on how to run your business so as not to burn out.
For example, a worker helped me figure out the following issues:
- What premises are required to open the atelier I have planned;
- How many people need to be hired in order to process the estimated number of orders;
- Agree, in each region, different situations. It happens that a dozen workers are hired in the atelier, and they will sit idle for a couple of weeks, waiting for them to bring some trousers to be hemmed. And sometimes the demand is such that even these 10 people are not enough. That is, it is also very difficult to calculate;
- A set of regulatory norms of laws, requirements for the premises;
- Analysis of competitiveness, since we have about 3-4 sewing workshops in our city;
- Calculation of the funds and expenses required for the start;
- Approximate terms for which I will pay back the invested money and be able to develop my business.
- Did you download a ready-made business plan for a tailoring studio in the form of a template, on the Internet, or did you contact a consulting agency for data processing?
Neither one nor the other. For a long time and carefully I studied on the Internet how to correctly draw up a work program, consulted with experts in this field.
I drew up a draft business plan on my own, as I already roughly represented the main figures of my expenses and knew exactly in which direction we would develop. Then, I took my draft to the analyst and he, in turn, processed it into a ready-made, working business plan.
In the studio "Kristina" from the city of Usman, real professionals work in their field
- Did you receive a subsidy? What did you spend on?
Yes, sure. I received money. Spent on the purchase of equipment, sewing machines.
- Did you buy the equipment "by hand" or in a store?
In the shop. All machines and machines are brand new. It was possible to buy used, now a lot of ads can be found on the Internet, in newspapers. But then spending a lot of money on their repair + losing orders due to equipment downtime is somehow inappropriate.
- Did you have enough money from the subsidy to open an atelier?
Of course no. It is only loudly said - "here, we received these 300,000 rubles." Of course, this was not enough even for the initial needs. We bought more fabrics, equipment, accessories, threads and much more.
Photo of related products sold in the shop of the sewing studio "Kristina"
- How much money did it take you to open an atelier?
Initially, about a million rubles were spent. This is if you consider that I started with my accumulated fittings. If it were necessary to buy more and it - 2,000,000, it would definitely take.
- How did you find the place? Have you bought it or are you renting it with an option to buy?
I do not think that in Usman there is a practice of lease with the right to purchase. I initially decided that I would buy the building, as I understood that the rent would cost me a significant overpayment.
Of course, it was possible, as well-known business women write in many magazines - “here, I started sewing somewhere at home or in the basement, first by myself, then I hired 1 more seamstress ...
The first floor of the building in which we are located was sold as an ordinary residential unit. I also had to collect documents in order to transfer it from the housing stock to non-residential, as required by law. With all the decoration, the building cost me a little over a million rubles.
Creative approach and creativity distinguish the products of the Kristina studio
- There are many such studios in the city. How did you make your business competitive in these conditions?
To begin with, we carefully studied what our competitors offer and created in our atelier a lot of advantageous points, for example:
- Other workshops offer a limited range of services - it's either just tailoring, creating some specific models, designing, repairing. One or two items from this list. We, however, decided to combine everything at once - we sew clothes according to ready-made patterns, sketches of the customer or offer our own, repair things, make any kind of clothes - from work uniforms to chic wedding dresses;
- We are the only ones who have showcases that display products that can also be ordered from us, such as spectacular sofa cushions;
- There is a showcase with inexpensive quality goods, for young craftswomen - beads, threads, locks, buttons;
- We also make original gift souvenirs, appliqué paintings, kanzashi.
- I saw very interesting reticules in your window. Are they home made too?
Yes, we make bags according to our own drawings and you can also buy them. They are in great demand, as they are original, and we can make an exclusive handbag in an ensemble with a suit, which, you see, is important for every woman.
- Tell me, have you already paid off your business? Has he started making money?
How can I tell you ... I have a room, purchased with a mortgage loan. The atelier is only 2 years old and, of course, I still pay off the loan.
In this sense, the business pays off, as you said - many people rent the premises, but I own it. Of course, there is profit, but so far, at the moment, almost all of it goes into expanding the business, for example, the purchase of consumables - accessories, threads.
Video about another owner of a sewing studio
- I heard about your masters, a lot of positive feedback. Your studio, despite the fact that it is still relatively young, is considered one of the best in the city of Usman
Well, at least we are definitely not sitting without work. We, including me, employ 5 masters. There are a lot of orders and they are very diverse - here, for example, we recently sewed a chic wedding dress to order.
- What would you like to wish-advise to novice entrepreneurs who are just wondering how to open a clothing repair and tailoring atelier?
I wish you patience. You need to stock up on an unprecedented amount of patience and wait more than one year until their business starts to pay off. 2 years is the minimum.
The real history of creating an inexpensive business plan can be found in this interesting article:
A large number of cases of creating highly profitable businesses from existing entrepreneurs can be read
You can select, download or buy a working business plan for any business in this catalog:
Here is my business, it will be 2 years only in the summer, and although we are developing steadily, there is no significant profit so that I can afford to buy an expensive car or an apartment in the center of Moscow, of course, not yet.
However, I am at work all the time. This is daily hard work. During the day I am engaged in sewing, and at night I make crafts, gift souvenirs. Nothing comes easy.
In addition, success depends again on the region. Before you start, you should carefully study the needs of the population, market saturation, conduct an analysis of competitiveness, evaluate your own strength and patience.
- Heard you want to open a needlework school?
Yes, the girls-masters and I dream of opening a small school where everyone could learn sewing skills, decoupage, kanzashi technique.
- What are your plans for the future?
Pay off the loan and begin to slowly expand production. I am sure that even in such a small town as Usman, there are enough prospects for this.
The idea to open a sewing studio naturally comes to the mind of experienced craftswomen, even more often - graduates of specialized lyceums and universities and avid fashionistas with entrepreneurial enthusiasm. We present the opinions of experts, and also consider the costs, risks and possible income.
Atelier from scratch: personal experience
After the crisis of 2014, sewing workshops have become extremely popular both in megacities and in provincial cities of Russia. Incomes fell, prices in stores adjusted to the dollar, and the trading floors were empty. Then practical and highly experienced Russians remembered that clothes can be repaired and altered.
According to Rosstat, the increase in the number of ateliers for tailoring and repairing clothes in our country is 10% per year. Half of startups close after a few months of work, but new ones open right there. And these are important arguments for those who are thinking about opening their own workshop.
The structure of orders based on the results of a survey of owners of ten Krasnoyarsk ateliers:
The average check for clothing repair is 350 rubles, and for a residential area these are reasonable prices. It was in the calculation of residents with low incomes that Irina Lapina opened her atelier in Vologda. The startup cost her family 112 thousand rubles. And these investments were returned after a year of work.
Irina's story is quite typical: studying at a vocational school, then working in a small studio, where she gained experience and professional secrets. When at the family council they decided to open their own sewing workshop, the first thing they did was take up the calculations. The start-up capital went to the purchase of equipment and a modest premises.
To open a sewing workshop, a businessman needs not only start-up capital, but also professional experience.
Estimated cost of opening a studio
The total costs will amount to 112,000 rubles.
It is important to take into account all the costs of promoting a business
Initially, the office was opened in their residential area. Irina's regular customers became the first clients of the new workshop. After several months of intensive work, the owner of the atelier realized that it was time to expand - and took on another tailor.
Types of sewing workshop services
According to 2GIS Krasnoyarsk, now in any residential area of the city there are from 1 to 5 sewing studios. As a rule, each specializes in 2-3 types of services, which allows them to occupy their own business niche and reduce competition. Ateliers most often provide the following services to the population:
Even at the planning stage, Irina decided that the atelier would only deal with repairing clothes and tailoring suits. And I guessed it: in a residential area, these services turned out to be in demand - to hem a skirt or trousers, fix a jacket, sew a dress for a graduation or anniversary.
The novice business woman was looking for new orders through the VKontakte group, and in the evenings, when Irina walked with her child, she pasted leaflets near the entrances. She did not miss the opportunity: she participated in city fairs, exhibitions, gave small ads in magazines. And these low-cost ways of advertising worked.
“I had a very low price tag for the city. For ordering a wedding dress, I made a gift - I released two doves: the clients were pleased.
Irina LapinaA year later, the monthly revenue was already 230 thousand rubles, and corporate clients became customers: neighboring stores and dance studios. They sewed their uniform and elegant suits from Irina. When it became clear that there were not enough workers, the tailors found a larger room, bought machines and expanded the staff.
Now in this Vologda atelier 4 craftswomen are sewing orders and doing repairs. But the owner herself takes measurements from clients and prepares patterns. The studio's monthly income is now about 90,000 rubles, and this allows planning the development of the enterprise.
Everything must be ready by the time the customer arrives.
Table: financial performance of the studio 2 years after opening
This real story clearly shows: opening a sewing workshop will not be difficult and costly, but you will need an accurate calculation, great desire, courage and a lot of effort. That is what a business plan is for.
Business plan: simple rules
First of all, it is the owner who invests in a new business that needs a detailed and honest business plan. This is a simple rule entrepreneurs underestimate. According to the recognition of businessmen who started from scratch, they opened a tent in the market or a workshop for the repair of household appliances, and without any plan: most often such a first experience just becomes the business plan of the next one - a working business. It comes out twice as expensive!
Meanwhile, writing a business plan is not difficult for anyone who knows some business thoroughly. Or ready to study - in the process of writing a forecast plan for your future company. Before you start spending investments on a sewing workshop, you will first need to sort out the upcoming expenses to the nearest ruble.
Take the time to develop a business plan: these efforts will pay off handsomely
The main sections of the business plan
The main document, according to which a businessman will have to work in the next few years, consists of six parts:
Customers are increasingly opting for repairs and custom tailoring.
Industry Analysis
If it’s quite simple, then the analysis of the industry is just a “passport photo”: a strict size, nothing more. To begin with, you will have to study the entire legislative framework for the sewing business and in the field of personal services: federal laws, industry-specific SNIPs and Rules. Here is a list of the main documents:
In this section of the business plan, you need to decide who will be the main customer of the new atelier: age and gender, occupation and income, preferences in choosing clothes and the regularity of applying for sewing services. The conditional portrait of the client is considered the target audience, and all the work of the enterprise, namely, the work schedule, prices, the list of services, will have to be built taking into account the interests of these consumers.
To assess the competitive environment and the demand for sewing services, you need to study the business of competitors. On the website of the Statistical Office, you can find information about the number of ateliers in any city or town in the region. Comparable figures will be given by the 2GIS system. Call your potential competitors as a client - both market leaders and neighbors in the area of your future office.
It is important to find out: what types of services business colleagues earn, prices for these works, deadlines for completing orders, whether they provide additional services, discounts for pensioners or corporate clients.
And it is better to visit several studios from the list of your closest competitors. Evaluate the size and furnishings of the premises, the number of employees, hours of operation and service policies.
Original solutions, peeped from competitors, will help you attract paying customers from the very beginning
All collected data should be entered in a comparative table. So it will be easier to understand what niche to occupy, as well as to navigate the location of the studio and the organization of its work. The market share is estimated. This information will be important when planning business development.
Table: garment industry - comparative characteristics
organizational plan
Every idea in business requires the same effort as planning, for example, a vacation trip. In this case, first they choose the direction, then the place of rest, taking into account all the wishes: so that the hotel is in the city center and next to the sea, and the room is spacious. And, finally, based on such tasks, they are determined with the budget.
In the business plan, you also need to think over the sequence of opening a sewing workshop and write down all the little things: then this will be a guide to action.
We solve organizational issues and write the answers in a business plan:
Production plan
The future of the atelier is the production of personal services. And like any technological enterprise, it must work in accordance with the requirements and standards that have developed in the industry. At this stage of preparing a business plan, you will have to study and select specific models of professional sewing machines and other equipment for a full production cycle, as well as draw up an estimate.
The master's tailoring is afraid
To understand: how many customers the new studio will be able to serve and what production plan should be laid down, technological standards are taken into account. For example, for the tailoring of one skirt, a certain amount of time and operations are allotted, and so on for all types of work offered by the new sewing workshop.
Based on the number of tailors and the approximate production plan, production volumes per day, per month and per year are considered. Moreover, experts advise making a forecast plan for such production for the next two to three years. The data is also included in the business plan. And let these numbers be conditional, they will help you navigate the mathematics of business.
Financial plan
The financial section of the business plan is the main one. It allows you to calculate in advance the prospects for the success of a new sewing studio. In fact, in one table, he takes into account the forecast production plan, minus costs and tax deductions, and then demonstrates the financial result.
Everything is like in the budget of every family: there is a salary and bonuses, income from part-time work, expenses for utility bills and for renting an apartment.
Break-even point: the amount of production that makes up for costs and does not bring any profit or loss, which indicates the stable operation of the enterprise.
The payback of a business is calculated using a simple formula:
Example: the cost of a new store amounted to 900 thousand rubles. per year, revenue - 2.1 million rubles, net profit for that period 830 thousand rubles.
900,000: 830,000 = 1.08 years
It turns out that the store will pay for itself in about a year of work.
Now let's calculate the profitability of the business - in other words, the profitability of the enterprise. The formula is also quite simple: we divide the net profit by the annual revenue.
830 000: 2 100 000 = 39%
Conclusion: the average profitability of the store is 39%.
You need to understand that the business plan, as a rule, takes into account the easiest formulas to understand, and in the process of work, the forecast will change several times. But the planned figures give a quite reliable idea of the financial capabilities of a particular business.
If business conditions change in the course of work, you should promptly make adjustments to the existing financial plan
Marketing and Advertising
In this section of the business plan, the question is solved - where and how to look for your new customers. To do this, you have to take into account the information collected about competitors, as well as your own ideas for marketing and advertising.
We analyze and make decisions:
Risks
It is not difficult to calculate the possible risks. To do this, they have to be identified: through surveys of competitors and their customers, studying information about the reasons for the ruin of the studio - now such reviews and expert opinions are easy to find on the Internet. All findings should be recorded.
Measure seven times, cut once
Table: risks and countermeasures
Atelier space
Owning a property is a convenient option, but it should be a profitable place for a sewing workshop. Therefore, most often before buying an office, the atelier repeatedly moves until a good option is found. But what experienced owners of the studio advise:
Rent bright and well-ventilated rooms for your atelier: this will allow you to comply with the requirements of technical regulations and reduce energy costs
Individual entrepreneur or LLC: choose the form of business
There are two forms of business organization in the clothing industry - IP and LLC. There are no problems with the online registration of an enterprise on the website of the tax service. In any case, the algorithm is simple: fill out an application, pay the state duty, provide originals or copies of the required documents, and that's it. If you did not make mistakes when filling out the forms, in a few days you will pick up a registration certificate:
Compare sole proprietorship and LLC
IP: it is easier and cheaper to register, and the fines in case of violations for IP are much less than for LLC. But on the other hand, an individual entrepreneur is responsible for the losses of the enterprise with all his personal property. In addition, regardless of the financial result of the year, the individual entrepreneur is obliged to pay insurance premiums for the year, and the amount is rather big: about 20 thousand rubles.
LLC: registering is more troublesome - more expensive, a package of documents is heavier. But the same charter of the enterprise can be found as a model, and it is not necessary to certify the signature on the application with a notary when submitting it yourself. An LLC can only pay the taxes it earns. And he is responsible for the losses of the company only with his authorized capital (usually 10 thousand rubles). But society pays fines many times more than individual entrepreneurs.
The legal address for an LLC can be home, if the director and founder of the LLC live there.
Equipment selection
To start a sewing business from scratch, it is enough to get by with the necessary - this can be seen in the example of Irina Lapina's studio (Vologda). Depending on the profile of the workshop and the number of employees, the set of equipment can be expanded. Sewing professionals know which machines are better and more reliable.
Experienced businessmen advise to open a business to negotiate the purchase of used sewing equipment, overlockers, cutting tables, other furniture and equipment with the owners of the largest sewing shops or factories: there are knowledgeable locksmiths, if necessary. New equipment should be purchased when the enterprise is already on its feet.
Before buying equipment for the atelier, it is better to make a floor plan with the arrangement of furniture and machines: this will help to avoid misunderstandings, especially if the areas are small.
A good sewing machine will not let you down
Recruitment and pay
The owners of sewing studios say: at the first stage, it is worth taking only experienced workers. Do not neglect the rule to get feedback from their previous place of work: it is especially important that the seamstress is non-confrontational with customers and disciplined.
It is worth going to a couple of seminars on personnel records in order to correctly draw up documents for the workshop employees.
The remuneration of seamstresses provides for a salary and a percentage allowance from output. This is the only way to interest employees in increasing the number of completed orders. The owner of the atelier should pay attention to sharp fluctuations in revenue, as well as the availability of receipts for accepted items, in order to avoid unaccounted for orders.
The reputation of the studio depends on the experience of seamstresses
home atelier
Individual entrepreneurs and LLCs can also work at home if this is the legal address of the Company. There is no direct prohibition in the legislation. But if the neighbors complain about the constant noise, the clutter of common areas with sewing waste or other inconveniences, then an inspection cannot be avoided.
According to the requirements of the law, when opening a sewing enterprise, the owner is obliged to notify Rospotrebnadzor and Gospozhnadzor about the start of activities. On the websites of departments, you can download sample applications and even tips on how to fill them out, as well as make an appointment at a convenient time.
A good fashionista never goes out of style
Table: comparison of a non-residential atelier and a home workshop
When deciding to open a sewing workshop, an entrepreneur risks: money, reputation, time and plans for life. But without determination there is no success. British billionaire Richard Branson, for just such a case, when thoughts interfere with actions, argued: "Drop doubts: take it and do it." With calculation, assertiveness and a thorough study of the case.
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How to organize a sewing workshop from scratch and how much does it cost? Clothing and household textiles are among the goods with stable demand, which is little affected by seasonality and does not change throughout the year. Therefore, business in the clothing industry is promising, although it cannot be called easy. We tell you how to create a full-fledged enterprise for sewing textile products on your own, what investments will be needed, what you can save on and what to sew in order to earn faster.
Advantages of the sewing business
Own sewing workshop can be the beginning of a successful business path. The main advantage of this industry is the stable high demand for products. Clothes, bedding, towels, toys, people buy throughout the year. The competition in the industry is high, but with a well-thought-out organization and the creation of high-quality products, you can occupy a profitable niche.
Demand is not the only strength of the textile industry. The production of such products has a social significance: supplying the population with essential goods and creating jobs. Producers have the right to count on state support and tax incentives.
Compared to other types of business, work in the clothing industry requires less permits. For example, organizing the production of food products is objectively more difficult and expensive. Grocery stores and cafes are seriously checked by Rospotrebnadzor. It is much easier to open a clothing enterprise, although the permits of the sanitary and epidemiological service and the fire inspection will still have to be issued.
A modern sewing workshop can be profitable and will allow you to realize yourself in your favorite industry.
Registration of LLC and IP
It is better to start a sewing business from scratch officially and register with the federal tax service. This will make the work of the workshop legal: the entrepreneur will not be accused of illegally obtaining income. What to choose: LLC or IP? Both shapes are suitable for textile work, so it's best to base your choice on scale.
If the business organizer plans to open a mini-workshop, where to hire up to 15-20 employees, it is better to stay on the status of an individual entrepreneur. So you have to fill out fewer documents. The disadvantage of registering as an individual entrepreneur is personal liability. If the business starts to make losses, the entrepreneur will pay the debts from his own funds.
When it is planned to organize a large enterprise with a hundred employees or several people want to invest in the authorized capital at once, it is necessary to register a limited liability company. Keeping documents will be more difficult, so it is better to hire a clerk and an accountant.
You can register any of the forms online through the State Services portal. This will save time on a trip to the tax office. You need to fill out an application and pay the state fee: for individual entrepreneurs - 800 rubles, for LLC - 4000 rubles. Registration will take 5 working days, but for a legal entity, you need to prepare a charter and minutes of the meeting of founders.
Small, medium or large business
What scale of business the sewing enterprise will have - small, medium or large - is decided by the entrepreneur himself. It should be determined based on an analysis of the market and available funds. For example, if there is not enough money to start your own business, it is reasonable to stay in a small workshop with a few employees. While the prospects for work are not clear, you should not bind yourself with a loan of more than 300 thousand rubles.
The scale of the enterprise is also determined by the products. Small business usually produces 1-2 categories of goods, medium - from 10 to 100, large - over 100.
The buildings of old schools, kindergartens, gyms are used to accommodate the sewing workshop.
Sewing business business plan
It is worth registering production only after drawing up a business plan. It is the foundation without which a successful company cannot be built. Planning will take at least 2 weeks. You need to study the market, collect information about competitors, calculate costs and set a goal. The plan will include the following items:
- relevance - why the company's products will be in demand;
- assessment of competitors - what are their strengths and weaknesses;
- cost estimate (preferably in several versions, “minimum” and “maximum” programs);
- potential competitive advantages;
- list of products - what the shop will produce;
- supply channels - from whom to buy fabrics, accessories;
- distribution channels - to whom to sell finished products;
- goals for 1, 3, 6, 12 months;
- risks;
- expected revenue and profit.
Finding answers to these questions is not as easy as it seems at first glance. An entrepreneur should consult with experts in this field, or at least with other businessmen. They will find weaknesses in planning, suggest what needs to be fixed or added. No need to approach the business plan as a formality. When properly drafted, this document can become a reference point for the development of the company.
What is better to sew
In the previous section, we indicated that when planning a business, an entrepreneur makes a list of products that he will produce. The owner of the workshop must decide what is better to sew in order to get more money. The answer is quite simple: you need to produce high-quality products that are in demand on the market. Of course, you can try to sew everything and earn in sales volumes. But practice shows that specialized enterprises are more successful, especially in the small business sector.
What are the specialization options?
- women's and men's outerwear;
- baby clothes;
- wedding and evening dresses;
- autumn and winter clothes;
- underwear;
- household textiles - bed linen, curtains, towels;
- leather goods and accessories;
- fur;
- toys.
Room selection
The quality of work, and therefore the profit of the company, depends on the premises. What needs to be foreseen? The room where the workshop will be located should be well lit and heated, without drafts and, preferably, with air conditioning. Buildings of old plants, factories, children's and sports schools are well suited. That is, any where there are spacious large halls.
The workplace of one employee is on average 6 square meters and 8 meters in the manufacture of outerwear. Based on this, you can calculate the minimum area of the working area (not the entire workshop). For example, it is planned to hire 10 seamstresses. They need a minimum of 60 square meters.
The location of the workshop is not so important. It will be more profitable to rent a workshop in an industrial or remote part of the city - prices per square meter are lower here than in the center. Transport accessibility is important: fabrics will be delivered to the enterprise, and it will ship finished products. To prevent this from becoming a problem, you need to equip the loading area and warehouse in advance.
The manager and individual employees (accountant, technologist, secretary) need separate offices or at least a common workspace isolated from production. Work should be comfortable: workers should be provided with a recreation area, a canteen and a restroom. Photos of the sewing workshop with modern equipment and interior are presented in the images for the article.
Thus, The workshop is divided into the following zones:
- work zone;
- administrative zone;
- warehouse of materials and finished products;
- rest zone;
- WC;
- dining room.
The sewing workshop will need not only machines, but overlockers, cutting tables, buttonhole and button machines
Purchase of equipment
Sewing shop equipment will require most of the cost of starting a business. What and in what quantity should I buy? Let's consider each zone separately.
For the working area of the mini-workshop:
- lock-stitch sewing machines, tables and chairs for them - according to the number of seamstresses;
- baskets for finished products;
- specialized sewing machines for fur / leather / knitwear with tables - if necessary;
- overlocks - 2-3 pieces;
- riveting machine with a table - 1 pc;
- loop machine with a table - 1 pc;
- button machine with a table;
- conveyor;
- cutting tables;
- washing machines;
- lamps and table lamps.
For technologist / fashion designer:
- desktop and office chair;
- laptop or computer;
- dummy;
- own sewing machine;
- cutting table.
For warehouse:
- shelving:
- loader (for large volumes of work).
Recruitment
The main part of the state will be seamstresses and cutters. It is better to accept employees with secondary or higher education in the clothing industry. Suitable students and employees without education, but with work experience. It is professional skills that matter. Where to look for workers? At the labor exchange and via the Internet. Wages are usually piecework, in the regions of Russia at the level of 20-25 thousand rubles. Seamstresses work according to the norms: for each product, the norm of minutes and the amount of payment are provided.
Product design should be carried out by a specialist with education textile production technologist. Also, the duties of this specialist include production control: launch and control of the technological process, prevention of marriage. Depending on the scale of the workshop, from 1 to 5 technologists are needed. Salary from 30 thousand rubles per month.
The company also needs:
- clerk;
- accountant;
- HR Specialist;
- purchasing and sales managers.
The basis of the staff will be seamstresses and cutters
Starting investment and payback
The minimum amount to start production is 300 thousand rubles. For this money, you can rent a small workshop, buy sewing machines and other equipment, raw materials. It is important to establish the production process from the first days of work, otherwise losses are inevitable. There is no upper threshold for opening costs. You can initially create more jobs, buy more equipment and produce larger volumes. If opportunities allow, it is worth taking advantage of them.
Before starting work, you need to find distribution channels. Then the risks of being left with unsold products are minimal.
Calculate the approximate payback. The curtain mini-workshop can produce up to 100 finished products per day: 6 employees with an 8-hour working day. The cost of one curtain is 250 rubles, the market price is 800 rubles. In the first months, the company works in one shift and only 5 days a week. That is, 500 curtains per week or 400 thousand rubles. It turns out that all the expenses for a small workshop can be recouped in 1 week of work?
Not certainly in that way. Most likely, the company will sell products in bulk to an intermediary, and not sell it on its own. The wholesale price is much lower than the market price, most likely - up to 300 rubles. But even in this case, the prospects are not bad. If you initially increase the intensity of work and organize 2 shifts, you can earn more.
Mini-enterprises in the early stages should focus on 1-2 products in order to achieve maximum quality and speed of production. In a few months, you can begin to master new models, if, of course, there is a desire or need. There are many examples when manufacturers have been sewing the same thing for years, without loss.
Sewing production technologies
The technological process should be carried out by a professional, that is, a specialist with a specialized education. Simplified, the whole process can be described as follows:
- model/style development (technologist);
- cutting of fabrics (cutters);
- tailoring (seamstresses);
- washing and ironing;
- package.
The technologist of the textile industry is engaged in the creation of models and styles
Raw materials and consumables
The final product depends on the quality of the source material and accessories. Even a good craftsman will not sew a sought-after product out of bad fabric. Therefore, the choice of suppliers is approached carefully. Several variants:
- ordering and purchasing fabrics from manufacturers;
- purchase in wholesale warehouses;
- order via the Internet (including from other countries).
It is better to entrust the order of raw materials to a separate manager. This is an important part of the work that requires special attention and concentration. Most likely, buying the best fabric the first time will not work. The manager must look for materials that are optimal in quality and price, as well as control their timely delivery to production. Without this, the technological cycle cannot be debugged, it will be intermittent and inefficient.
Sales organization
The profit of the sewing workshop is ensured by the sale of finished products. Ateliers sew to order and know in advance that they will receive money. Enterprises, on the contrary, first sew products of mass demand, and then sell them to intermediaries. The latter are most often retail chains, clothing stores, clothing markets.
They are sold a batch of goods at a wholesale price, they make their markup and already sell to private individuals. The manufacturer does not receive any interest and therefore must set the wholesale price as high as possible. Otherwise, it will turn out that the intermediary profited from the sale more than the sewing enterprise itself.
Another way to sell - opening your own store. It requires additional investments, but it will allow you to sell products at a market price on your own, preventing intermediaries from profiting. Moreover, it is not necessary to create a “real” store. It is much more profitable to trade online. You can create an online store for an average of 15 thousand rubles.
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