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Business in the apartment cultivation. How to start a herb growing business

The difficult financial situation in the country forced to pay attention to agriculture. This is not only a way to feed the family, but also to earn. Professional requires serious financial investments, as well as experience and relevant skills. Therefore, growing greens is considered an easy way to earn money.

This type of activity is attractive because it requires relatively small financial investments. Entrepreneurs who shared their personal experience in green business claim that 65% can be achieved already at the start. The organization of a greenhouse on a small plot of land allows you to earn income all year round.

A green business is more profitable than growing vegetables and fruits, since these crops require significant labor and time costs. The profitability of this type of activity is ensured by the low cost of planting materials. The first batch of goods is usually ready in 40 days, while, according to experts, up to 4 kg of products can be obtained from one square meter.

In favor of this type of business is evidenced by its demand. A fragrant bunch of greens is appropriate in the kitchen all year round. The abundance of catering establishments and the ready-made cuisine sector in grocery stores only plays into the hands of entrepreneurs.

In total, the greenery growing business has a number of advantages, due to which it is the most preferred way for those who want to make money on the cultivation of the land. A green business requires little investment, works all year round, quickly and is always in demand.

Work plan

When thinking about a greenery growing business, it is important to decide on the scope of the activity and the goal. Some grow for their own needs, and only the surplus is sent for sale.

If there is land, then it remains to invest in the construction of a greenhouse, the purchase of planting material and fertilizers. You can’t reach the level of the main income, but the investments will pay off, and there is always fresh, environmentally friendly greens on the table. If there is a lot of land, then more investments will be required. Depending on the climate zone, work may be seasonal.

Growing and forcing green onions

The popularity of growing green onions is due to the unpretentiousness of the culture. It soon grows even by itself, and even more so with the use of all kinds of modern technologies. In the warm period, there is no shortage of it, but in the cold season, demand remains as high, which affects the cost.

Growing green onions is easier to turn into, but you will have to take into account all the subtleties and pitfalls. If you grow onions in large quantities, then it is better to aim for year-round work. In the summer it can be planted in the field, and for the winter period it will be necessary to organize greenhouses. In some cases, it is more profitable not to build, but to rent sites from farms. For growing onions, it is better to choose a plot with an area of \u200b\u200b20 acres. In the spring, when frosts have passed, onions are planted with seeds.

It is important to consider that onion seeds “per head” and for greens are different. From foreign suppliers, Japanese and Dutch cultures are often preferred. Planting material is more profitable to purchase from the manufacturer or to buy in bulk. Thus, seeds can cost from 2 to 5 rubles per kg.

For the winter, as a rule, bulbs are planted. This reduces the growing season, and the finished product has good taste properties.

Those who intend to build a greenhouse should pay attention to modern materials. Instead of traditional glass, it is better to use polycarbonate, as it is cheaper and retains heat better.

The climatic conditions of the region make significant adjustments to productivity. To minimize losses, you will have to use chemical protection products, fertilizers and chemicals. This helps to increase the yield and create a presentable appearance.

Own production of green onions implies the availability of storage for the goods. For 100 sq. m of soil will have to organize a storage place of up to 30 sq. m. Large industries hire industrial premises. If in winter an area of up to 600 square meters is allocated for cultivation. m, then you will need equipment for instantaneous water heaters for thermal irrigation, as well as lifts and furnaces for heating.

For greater efficiency, purchased humus is often used with included fertilizers and top dressings. Lighting can be provided with fluorescent lamps, as well as ultraviolet light lamps. Only if all these conditions are present, it is possible to grow green onions of high quality all year round.

Usable area of 80 sq. m gives around 400 kg of feather. can cost from 10 to 60 rubles. Onion growth takes up to 21 days. The process can be accelerated twice if you use aeroponics technology. However, the cost will cost up to 4 thousand rubles per sq. m. m, and will pay off for several years. Aeroponic systems are recommended for use in large production areas.

The organization of a greenhouse business begins with deciding:

what to grow
where to sell
what type of building to do

This area of business is constantly changing, new technologies appear, equipment becomes more expensive, so it is important to keep track of current processes all the time, and draw up a detailed business plan before starting work.

Having assessed the general situation in the region in the greenhouse business, it is important to determine for yourself whether it will be a seasonal or permanent type of business. For the seasonal fit, the use of conventional farm fixtures, for the year-round, you will need to equip industrial ones with heating and lighting.

Even before the start of work, it is important to think over sales routes and establish relationships with wholesalers if you do not intend to sell products yourself on the market.

In the case of the construction of a year-round greenhouse, it will be necessary to obtain project documentation for it, including external networks. The document specifies the specification for all equipment. Thus, you can find out exactly how much the equipment will cost.

It is necessary to indicate where the greenhouse is located, what area it occupies and what exactly will grow there. You will also have to specify the method of cultivation, whether it be hydroponics or aeroponics. You should also know approximately the amount of crop received per square meter per year, and prospective buyers.

When considering the purpose of a business project, it is important to take into account the demand in the nearest settlements. The ability to sell products in nearby cities significantly reduces.

According to the recommendations of experts, it will also be necessary to calculate the cost of launching a greenhouse economy at the beginning. All expenses should be included in the overall result: from the purchase of equipment and seeds, to operational expenses. They inevitably happen, because all the nuances still cannot be foreseen, which means, according to experts, they must calculate possible expenses before the first income.

Entrepreneurs who organized the greenhouse business recommend assessing the technical side of production before starting work. To do this, it is important to consider the degree of remoteness of communications from the proposed construction site of the greenhouse. All pipes will have to be stretched at their own expense, so it is better to include the expense in the estimate.

It is necessary to choose a place for the greenhouse, where it will be easy to organize access roads. Experts recommend either to buy, although in this case it may be more profitable to purchase prefabricated greenhouses, with which you can move to any place if necessary.

When organizing heating, you should pay attention to the newest technology, since it can be effective, in which case you will have to get rid of the old one. Experts also recommend setting aside a certain amount for the introduction of new technologies that may appear after production is launched. Such a measure will allow you to compete until the greenhouse pays for itself.

Types of crops and profitability

Since different types of greens are tasty and healthy seasoning, they are always in great demand. Greens are included in the traditional dishes of almost all the peoples of the country, so they are always in demand:

parsley
dill
spinach

These crops are well tolerated by low temperatures characteristic of most regions of the country, which involves sowing them in open ground. Most often, parsley is grown from seeds. The technology is quite simple, it involves keeping the planting material in a humid environment for five days, and after germination they are transferred to a colder room. There they must spend another week.

After planting, they germinate faster and better tolerate temperature changes. According to the sowing rate per 10 sq. m requires up to 20 grams. They are laid at an obtuse angle to a shallow depth. The distance between the seeds is up to 5 cm. After planting, it is necessary to water abundantly and compact the soil.

With proper care, it can grow up to 6 kg per square meter. In the cold season, a kilogram of parsley can be obtained from 180 rubles.

It's a little more difficult to grow dill. It is planted in beds in furrows laid in advance. Seeds are laid out to a depth of three centimeters. Sowing density corresponds to parsley, and tolerates temperature changes worse. Below 15C may not withstand. However, the harvest is rich. In winter, regardless of the sales region, you can earn from 200 rubles per kg.

Spinach can be planted in early spring. Seeds deeper than one and a half centimeters are not recommended. The first harvest appears in a month. Resistance to drops makes it possible to grow until autumn.

The greenery business involves selecting early-ripening and hardy varieties. If different crops are grown at the same time, the order of sowing must be observed.

Underwater rocks

According to experts based on personal experience, green business can be done in the southern regions of the country. Climatic conditions in other areas and territories require the creation of special conditions, which in turn entails significant material investments. The construction of capital greenhouses involves the laying of heating and lighting, which will be needed more in winter. In this case, regardless of the scale, the costs will not pay off.

The business of growing greenery is one of the most promising and fast-paying areas of agriculture. But this format of entrepreneurship will require responsibility and patience.

Growing greenery as a business is attractive because of the opportunity to start your own business with almost no cash on hand. Even just a few tens of thousands of rubles can provide a profit in the near future.

Entrepreneurs in this idea are attracted by simplicity and high profitability - growing greenery can get up to 500% of the investment per season. A pleasant moment is the fact that the demand for such products is very high, and not only in the summer.

No special knowledge, and even more so education, is not required to start such a business - it will be enough to study the features of growing selected crops.

Investments in the cultivation of greenery can vary from several thousand to tens and hundreds of thousands of rubles - everything will depend on the scale of production and the size of the desired profit. The greatest income can be obtained in the cold season, since the people themselves at this time grow greens much less often, and the price increases significantly due to the low supply of products.

An entrepreneur, opening a greenery growing business from scratch, must clearly understand the benefits of working in this industry. The advantages include:

low cost of seeds;
ease of growing and caring for herbs;
high demand for greens;
high profitability (can reach 200-500%);
low starting capital;
quick payback (for the first month of trading in greenery, you can return the invested funds).

The more seedlings an entrepreneur plants, the more profit he will receive with proper care of the plants. For example, from a plot of 1,000 m 2 sown with greenery, you can earn an income of 30-90 thousand rubles per month. This makes it clear whether or not growing greens is profitable.

Choice of direction

Any aspiring businessman who decides to grow greens wonders where to start his business? The first step is to identify one or more areas of work. The most profitable today are the following forms:

What to grow?	Advantages	Flaws
Dill, parsley	Ease of care, unpretentiousness to external conditions. Constant demand for products, as both types of greens belong to the traditional cuisine. Fast payback due to rapid growth.	High level of competition.
lettuce leaves	The ability to grow not only on the ground, but also on a nutrient solution (hydroponics). Good palatability, regardless of the method of cultivation and care. High demand for products throughout the calendar year.	Higher costs for setting up a place to grow lettuce. The need to use modern methods of cultivation.
Radish	High yields, ease of care, rapid growth (you can harvest a month after planting radishes), relatively low competition in the industry.	Seasonal demand for goods (the greatest interest is observed in the summer season). Sufficiently large areas for sowing are needed (when compared with previously described crops). The need to build a greenhouse.
Onion (for selling feathers)	High demand for goods, high profit from sales.	Careful care is required (for example, from an excess of light, onion feathers may turn yellow and become unsuitable for subsequent marketing). High chance of morbidity.
Basil, spinach, sorrel, celery	High level of demand and cost.	Whimsical, the need for strict and careful care.

It is better for novice entrepreneurs to choose simpler options - dill, parsley, lettuce or onion. Radish is more profitable to use as an auxiliary crop. But such specific plants as basil and spinach require certain skills and knowledge. For inexperienced businessmen, this format can bring losses.

Having decided on what exactly to grow, the entrepreneur must choose the appropriate method of cultivation for himself. Much will depend on the scale of the business and the chosen culture. It is customary to distinguish the following methods:

In my own apartment. This format is suitable for small entrepreneurs who do not have a large start-up capital. But for growing will have to allocate a separate room. There are many options for growing greenery - it can be placed in ordinary plastic bottles, pots or boxes. You will have to take care of regular watering, getting light into the room and humidity mode.
At the dacha (on the beds). This format will allow you to organize a seasonal business, since the plants will die in the cold season. This format is most attractive for people living in the southern regions, since the temperature regime there is higher than in the north. To establish continuous work, you can combine this growing method with the first. The amount of profit will directly depend on the area of \u200b\u200bthe plot, the quality of care and watering.
in greenhouses. This format will allow you to grow greens all year round, regardless of weather conditions. Most often, this method is used by residents of the southern regions. In the northern regions, the profit will be much lower due to the high cost of electricity. It makes sense to use greenhouses only in the case of a large-scale business. To begin with, serious investments will be required for the construction of greenhouses and their equipment (lighting, watering).

People who value their health include greens in their diet due to the presence of many useful substances (vitamins, minerals, trace elements) in it. Therefore, you can sell products on your own, without supplying them to stores. But this will require additional costs and time. The following establishments are in the greatest demand among wholesale buyers:

shops and supermarkets;
cafes and restaurants;
markets;
vegetable warehouses.

All of them are ready to buy greens in large quantities, but at a wholesale (lower) cost than in retail sales.

You can work in several directions at once:

Sell products at retail. This is especially true during the summer season. It makes sense to sell in the region of cultivation. In this case, you can grow all of the above crops in equal quantities.
Sell greens in bulk. This business format will be more preferable if you grow any one crop, and not all at once. Aspiring entrepreneurs should consider growing and selling parsley with dill. Due to their rapid growth, it is possible to ensure a continuous supply of goods to stores. Then you won't have to look for a new buyer every time.

Organizational and legal aspects

Large sales volumes and serious entrepreneurial activity necessitate the registration of your own business. This is necessary for the full sale of goods through shops, restaurants, vegetable bases. Such a serious approach will allow you to maximize profits by refusing to work with resellers and building work with wholesale buyers directly.

You can open an LLC or sole proprietorship. But the second format is easier in terms of registration and submission of subsequent reports. The state will have to pay taxes. The most profitable format is the ESHN. It causes a low interest rate - you will need to pay 6% of the amount of profit received. This will eliminate the need for accurate cost estimates.

Products must have certificates of conformity and quality. Without them, wholesalers are not ready to buy products.

Calculation of financial results

Growing greens brings high profits. We will make calculations for a business in your own apartment. Suppose an entrepreneur decides to grow onions for later sale. In a room with an area of 25 m 2, the area suitable for planting is about 35 m 2 (if the boxes are arranged in several tiers). From here you can calculate the costs:

1 kilogram of onion for sowing will cost 15 rubles for bulk purchases;
35 m 2 will require 350 kilograms of onions;
total costs for the purchase of onions - 5,250 rubles;
it is not necessary to buy boxes and boxes - they can be found at large supermarkets, and sawdust - at a sawmill;
fertilizers will require 2,400 rubles a month;
the installation of artificial lighting will have to spend about 12,500 rubles;
monthly electricity costs - 2,000 rubles;
the cost of transporting onions to wholesale buyers - 4,500 rubles.

The total cost will be: 26,650 rubles - this is the initial investment required to start your own onion growing business.

Income will be as follows:

from 1 m 2 of the sown area it is quite possible to get 15 kilograms of onions (but you need to properly care for the onions, purchase high-quality soil and the necessary additives);
from 35 m 2 of sown area, you can get 525 kilograms per crop;
2 onion crops can be harvested per month, that is, the monthly onion volume will be 1,050 kilograms;
wholesale price for 1 kilogram of onion - 80 rubles;
for a month you can get 84,000 rubles.

Already the first month of fruitful work will allow not only to recoup the initial investment, but also to bring a fairly high level of profit. From this we can conclude that growing greens is a highly profitable and affordable business, even for start-up entrepreneurs who are responsible for their business.

The business related to the cultivation of agricultural products is very promising. The fact is that the demand for food was, is and will always be, which means that the expenditure of effort, time and financial resources for organizing such a business almost always pays off and can bring high income.

You can start an agricultural business from a simple but promising direction - growing greens for sale. Greens are in demand on the market throughout the year, so there will always be a demand for it.

Most greens take one to two months to grow, so up to three crops can be harvested in the summer season alone.

If desired, anyone can cope with this task, since growing greenery does not require special education or qualifications. The knowledge necessary for this can be obtained before starting all the work, there is nothing difficult about it.

It is possible to organize entrepreneurial activities related to the cultivation of greenery even at home. To start work, large financial injections are not required - at the initial stage, only a few thousand rubles may be required.

Over time, financial investments can be increased - they will contribute to a higher income.

The biggest profit from growing and selling greens can be obtained in the off-season (when demand is high and the number of offers is limited), but in the summer, "vitamin" products also sell well. With good performance, the profitability of such a business can reach 65% or more.

What greens to grow

Greens are a source of many vitamins and an indispensable product in the preparation of a wide variety of dishes. The most popular types of greens are dill, parsley, green onions, lettuce, sorrel, basil, celery and spinach. The cultivation of each of these species has its own characteristics, which must be considered by novice businessmen.

So, dill should be grown under special lighting and temperature (not lower than + 15-16 degrees). Under favorable conditions, 4-4.5 kg of dill can be grown per square meter. Dill can be cut for sale (or sold with roots) when the stems are 10 centimeters high.

Parsley can produce a crop within a month after planting. Green onions also grow quite quickly, when they reach a height of 20-25 centimeters, they can be sold.

Lettuce can be called the most unpretentious product: it withstands significant temperature fluctuations.

It is easy to care for - just water and remove weeds. Growing lettuce takes from one to one and a half months. The same can be said about growing spinach.

Celery is a product that is especially appreciated by people who prefer a healthy diet.

When grown at home, celery seeds germinate and give the first leaves - only after that they are sown. At the same time, celery is frost-resistant.

How to create the necessary conditions

For the cultivation of greenery, it is necessary to create suitable conditions.

Depending on the scale of the business, greens can be grown:

in apartments (as a rule, a separate room is allocated for growing greens, greens are planted in boxes, pots, plastic bottles and other containers throughout the year);
in garden plots (the method is suitable for growing greenery in the summer, and for these purposes you can use large areas compared to an apartment, which can bring a higher income);
in greenhouses (greens in greenhouses in the southern regions can be grown all year round, while this method requires the largest financial investments).

For growing greens, you can use hydroponic installations, which ensure the growth of greens due to the continuous supply of water with beneficial substances.

Such installations can be used indoors, basements and greenhouses.

When drawing up a business plan for growing greens, a novice entrepreneur needs to evaluate all the options and methods considered and choose the most suitable one.

Organization costs

When growing greenery in apartments, the following costs may arise:

seed (for example, 10 kilograms of green onions costs about a hundred rubles, the total cost will depend on the proposed sowing area);
boxes, boxes (can be purchased or obtained free of charge in stores or supermarkets);
fertilizers (with significant volumes per month, fertilizers in the amount of about 2000 rubles may be needed);
organization of the necessary lighting (installation of lamps) - up to 8000-10000 rubles;
operating costs (transport, payment for electricity and water) - about 5000-7000 rubles.

Thus, to start a business at home, little money is required.

The arrangement of greenhouses will cost much more. On average, the cost of greenhouses 3-8 meters wide, 3-20 meters long can range from 30 to 130 thousand rubles.

A hydroponic installation for a room of 25 square meters can cost from 30 thousand rubles. An automated plant for growing greens in pots can be purchased for 70 thousand rubles or more.

Features of product sales

Buyers value greens for their beneficial properties, so there are usually no problems with the sale of grown products.

Home grown greens can be supplied:

to buyers through online ads;
to the markets (this method of implementation is suitable for summer residents and entrepreneurs who have free time, while the advantage is a free place that can be obtained to sell products in almost any seasonal market);

to wholesale vegetable depots (this option is suitable for entrepreneurs with a small scale of production, while greens are sold to wholesale depots at below market prices);
to shops (a profitable option for small businesses);
to supermarkets and retail chains (the best option for large greenery producers);
in cafes and restaurants (the option is suitable for everyone without exception, the most important thing in this case is to establish the necessary contacts and comply with strict product quality requirements).

It is very important to understand in advance to whom the greens will be sold, since they are perishable products and are stored for no more than a week (after that, they lose most of their useful properties).

When working with organizations, it may be necessary to conclude contracts, and this, most often, requires registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and obtaining various sanitary conclusions.

How much can you earn

The amount of income of entrepreneurs directly depends on the volume of products produced. For example, a kilogram of green onions in spring can be sold for 100 rubles. Thus, by growing 10 tons of greenery, you can make a profit - one million rubles. Almost half of this money will go to cover expenses, the rest will be considered the businessman's net profit.

In the spring, the cost of greens is the highest and can reach 130-200 rubles per kilogram, and in winter, prices for greens increase several times at once.

Each entrepreneur chooses a development strategy for himself: invest small funds at the initial stage and gradually increase capital to expand production, or immediately direct large amounts to maximize profits.

A business that occupies small areas will not bring high incomes. To make the profit tangible, experts recommend starting to grow greens in areas of 40 square meters. At the same time, it is important to develop a sufficient customer base for the sale of products grown on this area.

If greenhouses are used to grow greens, the business can later be sold, which can also be a good source of income. The greenhouse business is sold for an average of 300-400 thousand rubles. The final cost depends on the area, methods of growing greenery, the presence of buyers and many other factors.

Growing greenery is a profitable business. Demand for fresh parsley, onion, dill, celery is consistently high. They are the ingredients of many dishes, a natural source of vitamins and useful trace elements. Having established their production and sale, you will receive a solid, and most importantly, permanent income.

Want to learn how to beat the competition and succeed? Get comfortable! I will tell you about how to write a business plan for growing greens.

Project description

The goal of the project is to obtain a stable income from the cultivation and sale of greenery. This line of business is actively developing. The demand for fresh herbs is increasing every year, which is associated with an increase in the number of our fellow citizens choosing a healthy diet, as well as a decrease in imports.

If you organize the sale of grown products, you will not only quickly recoup your initial investment, but also get a decent stable income.

Goals and objectives

The goal is to develop business, increase production and sales volumes.

Achieving this goal is directly related to the solution of a number of tasks:

selection of land for the establishment of production;
studying the niche and choosing the cultures most in demand among buyers;
creation of optimal conditions for growing;
search and development of optimal ways to sell grown products.

Greens are a perishable commodity. Your main task is to implement it immediately after harvest.

Choice of growing method

Greens for sale are grown in three ways:

At home(on the balcony, window sills, on the loggia). Flaws: small volume of production, average quality of greens. Advantages: you will be able to sell your goods in winter, during the period of maximum demand, you will test the market and your crop-growing abilities.
At the dacha, garden plot. Flaws: seasonality, climate change. Advantages: high quality of greens, cultivation of a wide range of crops, "sample" of the market.
In a greenhouse or greenhouse. Flaws: we need start-up capital for the construction of greenhouses, little knowledge of agronomy, land, personnel, well-established sales channels. Advantages: this is a full-fledged entrepreneurial activity that promises good profits with the proper organization of the business.

If you are aiming for a good income, choose the greenhouse method of growing.

Market and competitor analysis

Analyze the situation on the market and the offers of competitors on your own or involve professionals from consulting companies (if there are funds for this).

Market analysis implies:

determination of the number of competitors in the regional market;
study of their assortment and price offers;
determination of demand in different periods of the year;
identification of risks and pitfalls.

Competitor analysis:

determination of the number of competitors and the "style" of their work (seasonal, permanent);
analysis of pricing principles;
range study.

According to the consulting company Growth Technologies, as of December 2017, the yield of greenhouse vegetables and salad crops was 3 times higher than the yield of the agro-industrial complex. In 2017, greenhouse areas in Russia increased by 200 hectares. The growth of the industry is associated with the restriction of imports and the growth of investment.

Marketing plan

The main objective of the marketing plan is to establish sales of products immediately after its collection, so pay close attention to finding buyers.

To attract customers, all means are good:

Commercial offers for shops, supermarkets, restaurants, cafes, eateries.
Search for resellers with optimal price offers.
Creating your own website, searching for buyers through social networks.
Retail sale in the local market.

Use all the ways to attract buyers. Only in this way will your products become in demand, and your business profitable.

Production step by step

The production plan combines the selection of the territory, equipment for greenhouses, the selection and purchase of planting material, the search for personnel, as well as the solution of other organizational issues.

Let's consider each of the points in more detail.

Step 1. Selection of equipment and greenhouses

To open a business, you will need 3-5 greenhouses made of glass, polycarbonate or acrylic. The cheapest option is plastic wrap, but it is short-lived and torn by wind and weather.

In addition to the frame, you need:

tillage equipment;
top dressing for the soil;
equipment for heating, lighting greenhouses;
shelving structures;
equipment for the installation of an irrigation system;
thermometers, humidity sensors.

The purchase and installation of equipment is a crucial stage, on which the productivity and convenience of the staff depend.

Step 2. Installation of the greenhouse

Installation begins with the foundation and installation of the supporting parts of the structure. The presence of a foundation is optional, but with it your crop will be reliably protected from rodents and pests. In cold regions, the foundation will prevent heat loss.

Welded metal structures are used as a base (frame), on which polycarbonate sheets are attached.

Choose a site for greenhouse farming near communications. Otherwise, for each meter of water supply and sewerage supplied to it, you will incur additional costs.

The next stage is the installation of an irrigation system, a hydroponics system (growing greens without soil), heating and lighting. When they are mounted, the ground is prepared. It needs to be loosened, fertilized, moistened.

The business plan should contain information about the material and model of the greenhouse, as well as information about who will install it.

Step 3. Purchase of seeds

Greens are grown from seeds, bulbs and seedlings. Buy planting material only from trusted sellers. Over time, you will collect the seeds yourself, but for the first time, visit specialized stores or greenhouse complexes.

Step 4. Recruitment

For 5 greenhouses you will need 15-18 employees.

Personnel costs depend on its quantity, production volumes. If the volumes are modest, many aspiring entrepreneurs save on hiring a sales manager and an accountant.

The list of employees and their approximate salary are given in the table:

Job title	Responsibilities	Approximate salary, rub
manager or engineer	Monitoring the work of employees, the operation of heating and lighting systems, the purchase of seeds	40 000-45 000
Handyman	Watering, loosening the soil, harvesting, packing greenery	18 000 -25 000
Driver	Delivery of products to the place of sale	20 000 — 25 000
Sales manager	Finding clients, resolving sales issues	30 000 -35 000
Accountant	Bookkeeping, employee payroll	25 000 -30 000
Security guard	Ensuring the safety of greenhouses	15 000 -20 000

Entrust bookkeeping to an outsourcing specialist. By concluding a cooperation agreement with him, you do not have to hire a full-time employee.

organizational plan

An organizational plan is the official registration of a business with state control bodies and the hiring of personnel. Without official registration, you will not establish sales.

Selling greens without documents is allowed if you grow it in your apartment and rely on customers from among your friends or neighbors, or on small retailers in a spontaneous market.

Business registration

To make money on growing and selling greenery in a greenhouse, it is enough to register an individual entrepreneur. An alternative is the organization of an LLC for two founders. The optimal system of taxation is the single agricultural tax (ESHN). According to it, tax payments will amount to only 6% of the amount of income.

Opening schedule

Opening schedule - a calendar plan in which each item of events for opening a business is entered with an indication of the timing of its implementation. With it, you concretize your actions by linking them to clear deadlines. For example, you plan to spend 1 month searching for a suitable land plot and renting it, installing greenhouses on it.

The table shows an illustrative example of a business opening schedule.

Action	February	March	April
Finding and renting land	+
Purchase of equipment, installation of greenhouses	+	+
Installation of heating, lighting, ventilation	+	+
Paperwork	+
Search and recruitment of personnel	+	+
Purchase of seeds, fertilizers	+
Beginning of work. Sowing seeds, planting bulbs, seedlings		+	+

Financial plan

Financial planning is the most important part of a business plan. Your expenses directly depend on the scale of the business.

Consider an approximate annual financial forecast of income and expenses of an individual entrepreneur growing greens in 5 greenhouses.

№	Indicators	Amount in rubles per year
1	Sales revenue	11 600 000
2	Land lease	250 000
3	Staff salary	4 450 000
4	Fertilizers, chemicals	230 000
5	Heating	790 000
6	Electric heating costs	234 000
7	Watering	45 000
8	Packaging materials	270 000
9	Depreciation of agricultural equipment	110 000
10	planting material	85 000
11	other expenses	300 000
12	Income before taxes	4 200 000
13	Tax (6% according to UAT)	252 000
14	net income	3 948 000

Want to save money to get started? Build a greenhouse with your own hands. Use a simple garden hose instead of automatic and solid fuel heating instead of electric. This way you will keep your initial costs to a minimum, evaluate your skills in agronomy and try out the market.

An approximate plan for the monthly expenses of the greenhouse industry:

Possible risks and guarantees

The risks of a year-round greenhouse business are few, but they should not be underestimated.

Decided to start growing green onions, basil, dill or parsley?

You are at risk for:

high competition;
high prices for heating greenhouses;
seasonal fluctuations in consumer demand;
failure of heating, watering or lighting equipment;
low yields due to the wrong choice of crop growing methods.

The guarantee of the profitability of this business area is the reduction in the import of lettuce crops from other countries, as well as the interest of investors in the greenhouse business, which has been experiencing a real boom since 2014.

Download business plan

Aspiring entrepreneurs, in addition to calculating annual and monthly expenses, need a sample greenhouse business plan. Downloading.

The document is available for viewing in PDF format and printing. It reflects in detail the principles of choosing the material for the greenhouse complex, the selection of equipment, and provides approximate calculations of energy resources.

Any business plan from the Internet is typical. This is the basis that you adapt to your business. You cannot use calculations from a standard plan without taking into account the specifics of your business. It is introductory in nature.

A video on how to analyze the market on your own, how best to sell products and why growing greens is profitable:

Conclusion

According to the reviews of entrepreneurs working in the field of growing greenhouse salads, green onions and parsley, celery and other crops, with proper business management, you will work out all the invested funds after six months.

Starting a business in this industry is a promising activity that brings good income. The main thing is to correctly draw up a business plan, establish sales by offering the buyer an interesting assortment.

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With double glazing on a stainless steel frame. They create the effect of a thermos, keeping the optimum temperature from 15 to 28ºC.

Glass is too fragile and expensive, and plastic film does not provide stable temperatures in the room. Industrial greenhouses have impressive dimensions (from 0.5 hectares and above). Beginning farmers it is worth building a structure of 100-120 sq. m, in the future, greenhouse facilities can be expanded.

The shape of greenhouses for greenery can be different. In cold regions, pitched structures are most popular, providing good insolation and preventing snow from accumulating on the roof. It is also possible to use traditional ones. For growing in the ground Suitable for low buildings, rack greenhouses have more impressive dimensions.

Green business: advantages and disadvantages

Deciding to grow greens on an industrial scale, it is important to know in advance about the pros and cons such an enterprise.

Benefits of this business include:

the ability to shoot several crops a year;
greenhouses are suitable for any green crops, from familiar to exotic;
high demand for fresh herbs;
in winter and early spring, the margin increases significantly and profitability increases;
possible to grow hydroponic, aeroponic or soil method;
business suits even people not experienced in agriculture;
greenhouses minimize the risk of low yields.

Despite the obvious advantages, the business has some disadvantages:

high construction costs and;
in the summer, high competition from the owners of household plots;
perishable product, which increases the percentage of marriage;
a large amount of fertilizers is required to increase the nutritional value of the soil;
to increase income, it is necessary to operate with large volumes of products and constantly increase them.

What should be grown in greenhouses?

Experienced farmers believe that growing greens is the most promising option greenhouse business. Green crops grow quickly, taste remains unchanged regardless of the method of cultivation.

Among the cultures, the following are in special demand:

. For growing on greens, hybrid varieties that do not form bulbs are suitable. A variety of varieties are planted in greenhouses: batun, slime, chives. Plants are not too demanding on lighting, but need a large amount of complex mineral and organic fertilizers. Green onions can be grown hydroponic or aeroponic.
. Very productive, fast growing and requires frequent cutting. Growing requires good humidity and light.
Parsley. For growing in greenhouses, ordinary leaf and curly parsley is used, which is in great demand in stores. Very demanding on soil nutrition, watering and lighting. At low temperatures, growth stops.
. Any variety is suitable for cultivation, but the fast-growing Iceberg, Oakleaf, Frize are especially popular. Lettuce grows well in hydroponics, needs a lot of fertilizer and water.

A very promising direction is the cultivation of greenery in miniature plastic pots. These containers are placed in cassettes and can significantly extend the life of greens on store shelves.

Dill, lettuce and parsley in pots attract attention and are readily bought up.

Cost price this method of cultivation is almost equal to traditional, and the margins for this type of product are much higher. In pots, you can grow not only the usual greens, but also a variety of herbs: mint, lemon balm, anise, rosemary, thyme.

Greenhouse equipment

Industrial greenhouses are most often using hydroponic technology. They can significantly save space and reduce the cost of finished products. Plants are grown in liquid nutrient solutions, without the use of soil.

Hydroponic technologies significantly accelerate the growth of greenery The plants have a beautiful appearance. Unlike vegetables, herbs grown hydroponically do not develop a watery taste.

Another option - soil cultivation in tiers. Racks with a nutrient substrate are installed along the walls of the greenhouses, into which seeds are sown. Rack growing makes it possible to save on heating, increasing the number of plants per 1 sq. m greenhouse.

Greenhouse equipped with a ventilation system and heating. Industrial greenhouses are heated using pipes laid underground. To reduce the cost of electric heating, innovative methods are actively used: biofuels, solar panels, the use of infrared cables. It is best to heat the building in a combined way, using several methods at once.

An industrial greenhouse designed for soil cultivation should be equipped with a drip irrigation system. Lighting is also very important. Lamps under the ceiling are not enough, local lighting is needed for each tier of the rack.

To organize a continuous process, sowing in batches is recommended. This allows you to harvest, avoiding overstocking. After harvest soil mixed with fertilizer, carefully loosened, watered and sown with a new batch of seeds.

Expenses, income and profitability: calculation rules

When calculating profitability it is important to take into account all costs both one-time and monthly. These include:

land lease;
registration of a legal entity;
construction and equipment of greenhouses;
purchase of planting material and fertilizers;
spending on electricity and water;
payment of taxes;
salaries of hired personnel;
packaging and labeling;
transportation costs for the delivery of finished products.

Some cost items may be excluded from the estimate. For example, land owners will not be spent on rent, but small greenhouses do not need hired helpers which excludes salary costs. Branded packaging is needed by large farms that have registered a trademark and are selling through retail chains.

According to professionals, the cost of one polycarbonate greenhouse in 100,000 square meters. m start from 100,000 rubles. 10 000 rubles will have to spend on seed, at least 15,000 rubles will be required for heating.

Profit depends on the chosen culture and method of implementation. The most profitable option is to sell through retail stores or catering chains. In summer, a kilogram of greenery can cost from 80,000 rubles, in winter the price rises to 150,000 rubles. This growth is associated with a decrease in supply and the lack of competition from private farms.

The profitability of the greenery growing business is not too high. According to various estimates, it ranges from 15 to 25%. An industrial greenhouse will pay off in 2-3 years, payback farm greenhouse medium size - 1.5-2 years. Profitability is much higher in regions with a warm climate.

In the northern regions, the cost of greenhouse greenery increases significantly, reducing profits. Well-established logistics, an increase in the sales network and a thoughtful approach to heating greenhouses will help reduce costs.

Growing greenery in a greenhouse as a business - simple but costly process. A large initial investment is required to achieve success. Even before the construction of greenhouses it is worth considering a clear marketing scheme and calculate all future costs. To begin with, it is worth building one small greenhouse as a training option. If the process goes well, it will be possible to significantly expand your farm.

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